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Guy of Boulogne

January 01, 1970

Guy of Boulogne (1313[1] – 25 November 1373) was a statesman and cardinal who served the Avignon Papacy for 33 years. He participated in the papal conclaves of 1352, 1362 and 1370, and was the Subdean of the Sacred College of Cardinals. His diplomatic postings were extensive, including Hungary, Italy, and Spain. He headed an effort to end the Hundred Years' War. The historian Kenneth Setton called him "one of the commanding figures of his day, and the letters of Petrarch abound with references to him".

Cardinal

Guy de Boulogne
Cardinal-Bishop
The crowning of Pope Gregory XI (1371), a miniature from Froissart's Chroniques.
ChurchSanta Cecilia in Trastevere (1342-1350)
ArchdioceseLyon (1340-1342)
DiocesePorto (1350-1373)
Orders
Created cardinal20 September 1342
by Pope Clement VI
Personal details
Born1313
Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
Died25 November 1373
Lleida, Principality of Catalonia
BuriedAbbaye du Bouschet-Vauluisant
Diocese of Clermont
NationalityFrench
ParentsRobert VII of Auvergne and Boulogne
Marie de Flandre
Occupationdiplomat
EducationTheology
Alma materUniversity of Paris

Family edit

Guy was the third son of Count Robert VII of Auvergne and Boulogne (1317–1325), and Marie, niece of Robert III, Count of Flanders.[2] Guy's family was well-connected to the greatest houses in France and the Empire. His sister Matilda married Count Amadeus III of Geneva, making Guy uncle of four successive counts of Geneva and of antipope Clement VII. The daughter of Guy's eldest brother, Count William XII of Auvergne, Joan Countess of Auvergne, married John Duke of Normandy, later King of France, who thus called Guy by the courtesy title "uncle".

Being a younger son, and therefore destined for the Church, Guy was sent to Paris, where he devoted himself to theology. He was especially close to the Dominicans of Paris.[3] In his youth he was made Canon of Amiens.[4] Guy held the post of Archdeacon of Flanders in the Church of Therouanne.[5] He was also, at some point made Canon and Prebend of Liège, which he resigned by 27 January 1344.[6] On 11 October 1340, Pope Benedict XII approved Guy's election as Archbishop of Lyon,[7] and he was duly consecrated,[8] but he held the Archbishopric for less than two years, surrendering it when he became a cardinal and moved to Avignon.[9]

Cardinal edit

 
Stemma of Cardinal Guy, from a reliquary

In the Consistory of 20 September 1342, Pope Clement VI (Pierre Roger) named ten new cardinals, among them Archbishop Guy de Boulogne.[10] He was appointed Cardinal Priest tituli S. Caeciliae, of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere. On 6 and 7 November, he was present in Consistory when the financial obligations of the newly appointed Archbishop of Narbonne, the Papal Chamberlain Gasperto du Val, were settled by the Pope.[11] In 1342 he was also provided benefices in the Dioceses of Cologne, Trier, and Mainz by Clement VI.[12] On 20 August 1343, Pope Clement provided Cardinal Guy to the Priory of Duyssell in the diocese of Soissons and the Priory of Calidomonte in the diocese of Terouanne.[13] On 23 October 1343 he was granted the office of Prévôt of Bruges in the diocese of Tournay, and next day the Priory of Fieves in Tournay. On 17 November the Pope gave him a canonry and prebend in the Cathedral of Terouanne.[14] On 19 December the Pope granted Guy the right to grant the benefices once belonging to the late Bernard de Bensewilre to whomever he wished.[15] On 18 March 1344, Cardinal Guy was granted the Priory of Papineloe in the diocese of Terouanne.[16] All of these grants were for the sake of income; the spiritual care of those involved was left to subordinates. They also extended the influence of Guy's family in the territories over which they were secular rulers.

On 22 April 1346, Cardinal Guy was present in Avignon, along with Cardinal Élie de Talleyrand and ten other cardinals, to witness the pact between King John of Bohemia, his son, the future Emperor Charles IV, and Pope Clement VI.[17]

Legate in Hungary and Lombardy edit

On 30 November 1348 Pope Clement appointed Cardinal Guy de Boulogne his Apostolicae Sedis Legatus (ambassador) to the King of Hungary (whose wife was a relative of Cardinal Guy) and in other territories under the control of the King of Hungary, in particular the province of Salzburg.[18] Guy departed from Avignon on 15 January 1349.[19] On March 9, 1349, Cardinal Guy took up residence in Padua.[20] The bishop of Padua, Ildebrandino Conti, was to accompany him to Hungary.[21] On 26 April, Pope Clement wrote to the Cardinal, acknowledging a letter from him with enclosures of a letter of Cardinal Guy to King Louis and a letter from King Louis to the Cardinal.[22] In 1349 Cardinal Guy travelled extensively in Hungary, his job being to negotiate peace between the former kingdom and the Kingdom of Naples. The two kingdoms had been at war since the murder of the Hungarian prince Andrea, Duke of Calabria, husband of the Angevin Queen of Naples, Joanna I, in 1345. Naples had been conquered by Andrew's elder brother Louis I of Hungary, and Joanna was forced to flee to Provence, her ancestral home. But when the Black Death drove Louis out of Naples, Joanna was able to return home. The overlord of Naples and Sicily, Pope Innocent VI, was eager to find a solution to the succession crisis, which was made worse by a Hungarian invasion of Naples in late 1349 and again in April 1350.

On 25 January 1350 the Pope again acknowledged receipt of a letter from the Cardinal, as well as a packet containing exchanges between the Cardinal and King Louis. The Pope was doubtful that either King Louis or Queen Joanna would carry out their promises and commitments, though they both said that they were willing to turn over captured towns to the Cardinal on behalf of the Pope. The Pope advised the Cardinal not to go south just yet to receive the territories; he also expressed his longing to see the Cardinal again to enjoy his company.[23] Cardinal Guy was back in Padua on 14 February 1350, when he participated in the translation of the relics of Saint Anthony of Padua to their current resting place in the Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua.[24] The reliquary containing the jawbone of St. Anthony bears the arms of Cardinal Guy de Boulogne.[25] He also met and had conversations with Petrarch, whom he had known well in Avignon. He was given a mandate by the Pope to visit Rome and participate in the Great Jubilee of 1350. He was instructed, along with Cardinal Bertrand de Déaulx (who had been Legate in Sicily for several years and who had investigated Cola di Rienzi), to investigate the attempted assassination of Cardinal Annibaldo di Ceccano, the Pope's special Legate for the Jubilee.[26] There in Rome he met his mother, who was making the jubilee pilgrimage.[27] He returned to Padua in May, where he conducted a synod, which opened on 8 May 1350; his decree promulgating the decisions of the Synod was signed on 20 May.[28] On 25 May, Pope Clement wrote a letter to King Louis of Hungary, in the belief that Cardinal Guy was still in Italy; he had not yet returned to Avignon.[29] He had returned to Avignon by 7 June 1350.[30] King Louis of Hungary, on his way home from his failed Neapolitan campaign, visited Rome for the Jubilee, and was back in Buda on 25 October 1350.

Avignon edit

Later that year, following the death of Cardinal Bernard d'Albi of Pamiers on 13 (or 23) November 1350, Cardinal Guy was translated to the suburbicarian diocese of Porto and Santa Rufina.[31] Baluze remarks that Cardinal Guy was only the second senior Cardinal-priest, but that his senior, Cardinal Guillaume d'Aure, had never been a bishop, whereas Cardinal Guy had been consecrated ten years earlier. Preference at that time was given to cardinals who had been bishops, and therefore Cardinal Guy was promoted.[32]

In 1351, from his prison in Prague, where he had gone to seek support from the Emperor Charles IV, Cola di Rienzi wrote a letter to Guy requesting his assistance in obtaining his freedom and leading a crusade.[33] He was instead brought as a prisoner to Avignon, where he was put on trial for heresy. Somewhat surprisingly he was acquitted.[34]

On 15 May 1352, Cardinal Guy was present at the Curia in Avignon, where he presided over the blessing of the new Abbot of l'Isle-Barbe near Lyon, Jean Pilfort de Rabastencs.[35] On 12 November 1352, he was appointed Dean of S. Martin in Tours, which he held for life.[36]

Pope Clement died in Avignon on 6 December 1352. The Conclave to elect his successor opened on Sunday, 16 December 1352 in the Apostolic Palace in Avignon, with twenty-six cardinals in attendance, including Guy de Boulogne. At mid-morning on 18 December they elected Cardinal Étienne Aubert, who took the name Innocent VI. He was crowned on 30 December 1352.[37]

Immediately after his coronation on 30 December 1352, the new Pope, Innocent VI, appointed Cardinal Guy as the principal facilitator in negotiations between the English and the French for an end to the war. Frequent meetings took place at Calais and Boulogne.[38] Cardinal Guy was attempting to use all of his credit with the French monarchy to bring about a peace with England, which would greatly enhance his prestige. He seems to have gone somewhat too far and he nearly succeeded in alienating the French King, who was disappointed at the proposed concessions. At the same time Cardinal Guy did succeed in arranging a peace between the French King and Navarre.[39] But then King Edward III of England also made a treaty with the French claimant to the Duchy of Brittany, to the great discomfort of King John. During the negotiations, when he was in Paris, on 16 September 1353, the Cardinal dedicated the Carmelite Church in Paris, with the King, John II, and Queen Jeanne attending.[40] On 6 April 1354 at Guînes, Cardinal Guy de Boulogne witnessed the signing by representatives of France and England of a preliminary accord for ending the Hundred Years' War.[41] The preliminary accord had no lasting effect. The Battle of Poitiers took place on 19 September 1356, and King John II was captured by the Black Prince. The government of France collapsed.

Legate in Spain edit

Between 1359 and 1361 Cardinal Guy was in Spain on another lengthy legation. The son of King Jayme II of the Kingdom of Majorca, Jayme III, had been captured in battle on 25 Ootober 1349, and spent the next thirteen years as "The Man in the Iron Cage". Pope Innocent VI had made numerous demands for his release, and this was one of the purposes of Cardinal Guy's legation. The status of the Kingdom itself was a matter of contention. And there were the disputes with King Pedro of Castile and Pedro IV of Aragon, in what came to be called the War of the Two Peters. In May 1361 Cardinal Guy de Boulogne was able to get the two monarchs to sign a peace treaty. He returned to Avignon on 8 November 1361. The treaty had no effect.[42]

Conclave of 1362 edit

In 1362, Cardinal Cardinals Guy of Boulogne, Nicolas de Besse, and Pierre de Beaufort joined in an effort to arrange a settlement in a dispute between John I, Count of Armagnac, and fr:Raimond de Turenne Raimond de Turenne (Raymond VIII Vicomte of Turenne; grand nephew of Pope Clement and nephew of Cardinal Pierre de Beaufort) concerning the Baronies of Pertuis, Meyrargues, Sederon, and Les Pennes. It was claimed that they were illegally occupied by the Vicomte, who claimed that he had been given them by King Louis and Queen Jeanne of Naples, the Count and Countess of Provence. The three cardinals were chosen because they were "parents et amis des deux parties." A financial settlement was arranged, but it did nothing to stop the violence and acquisitive spirit of the Vicomte.[43]

In September 1362, after the death of Pope Innocent VI, the College of Cardinals was divided (according to Jean Froissart) into two factions, one supporting Guy of Boulogne and the other Élie de Talleyrand for pope.[44] In the end a compromise candidate was elected, Abbot Guillaume Grimoald of S. Vincent in Marseille, who was Legate of the Apostolic See in the Kingdom of Sicily, and was not present at the Conclave. He was not even a cardinal. The decision was taken perhaps on September 28, but it was not made public until the day after the arrival of Abbot Grimoald in Avignon, 31 October. Grimoald was proclaimed Pope Urban V.[45]

He took a leading role in negotiating peace between Charles V of France and Charles II of Navarre in 1366.

Legate in Italy edit

Pope Urban V had finally agreed to demands from every direction that he should return to Rome. On 20 May 1367, he and the Papal Court set sail from Marseille for Italy. Only five cardinals did not accompany the Pope on his journey.[46] One who did was Guy de Boulogne. On 23 May the party was at Genoa, and on 1 June they were at Pisa. The party stopped in Viterbo while Pope Urban took the body of his late friend Cardinal Egidio Albornoz, who had died on 24 August, to Assisi, where he had wished to be buried in the Basilica of S. Francesco. In the meantime, there were tensions in Viterbo between the retinues of several cardinals and the townsfolk. Rioting broke out on 6 September and lasted three days; ten people were killed.[47] Urban decided it was time to press on for Rome, but with an escort; he prevailed on the Marquis of Ferrara to accompany him, and with 2000 soldiers, the Papal Curia departed for Rome. On Saturday, October 16, 1367 there was again a Pope in Rome, and Urban remained there until 11 May 1368. On 31 October 1367 the Pope consecrated Cardinal Guillaume de Agrifolio Bishop of Sabina, and it was remarked that that was the first time since the reign of Boniface VIII (1295-1303) that a Pope had celebrated Mass at the high altar of St. Peter's.[48] He spent the summer of 1368 in Tuscany at Montefiascone, where he held a Consistory for the creation of Cardinals on 22 September, where eight new cardinals were named, a Roman, an Englishman (Simon de Langham) and six Frenchmen. The Emperor Charles IV paid a visit during this time,[49] and, on All Saints Day, 1 November 1368, the Pope crowned the Empress Elizabeth in the Vatican Basilica.[50] Urban was still at Montefiascone on 7 June 1370 when he created two more cardinals, Pierre d'Estaing and Francesco Corsini of Florence.[51] He departed Montefiascone on 26 August 1370 and reached Avignon on September 24. On Thursday, 19 December 1370 Urban V died in Avignon.

 
Tomb of Guy de Boulogne

Guy was papal legate in Italy during 1368–1369, while the Pope and the Roman Curia were visiting Rome, and was briefly joined by his nephew, Robert of Geneva, Archbishop of Cambrai, the future Pope Clement VII.[52] The two witnessed an imperial diploma of Charles IV at Lucca on 28 February 1369.[53] On 13 March 1369 Emperor Charles authorized the payment of 5000 gold gulden to Cardinal Guy, his Statthalter in Italy; he received another 3000 gulden on 5 May.[54] On 13 June 1369, Cardinal Guy was named Emperor Charles' Vicar General of Lucca and its territory for a period of three years.[55] In Lucca Guy established his headquarters while he served as "Lieutenant and General Vicar" for the Empire "in the regions [lit. parts] of Italy", having been appointed "by our Caesarean [i.e., imperial] majesty" Charles IV.[56]

Conclave of 1370 edit

On 21 December 1370, Guy gave a eulogy, prepared in a single day, at the funeral of Urban V in the church of Notre-Dame-des-Doms in Avignon.[57] On 30 December, Cardinal Pierre Roger de Beaufort, a nephew of Clement VI, was elected to succeed Urban. The election took place on the morning of 30 December 1370, without a scrutiny, by "inspiration". On the same day the new Pope wrote to the King of France, "hodie per viam Sancti Spiritus evocarunt." ('Today they named me by the method of the Holy Spirit')[58] On 4 January 1371, Cardinal Guy de Boulogne, Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina, ordained him a priest.[59] On the next day, the Vigil of the Epiphany, 5 January 1371 Pierre Roger de Beaufort was consecrated a bishop, presumably by the cardinal who had the centuries-old right, the Bishop of Ostia, Guillaume de la Sudré. He was crowned under the name Pope Gregory XI.[60]

Legation to Spain edit

In 1372–73 Guy undertook his final legation, his second to Spain, to try to make peace between Charles II of Navarre and Henry II of Castile. He died in Spain, at Lérida (Lleida) on 25 November 1373. "There were those who said that he died of poison which was administered to him by the treachery [arte] of Charles [II], King of Navarre".[61] His body was returned to France by his brother, Jean Comte d'Auvergne et du Boulogne, and he was buried at the Abbey of Notre-Dame de Bouchet in the diocese of Clermont. The abbey had been founded by Robert Comte d'Auvergne in 1197 or 1198. Cardinal Guy de Boulogne had left the abbey sufficient money to finish his tomb, as well as a legacy to purchase enough property to support twelve monks.[62]

Notes edit

  1. ^ Setton p. 647, n. 7. In the papal letter dated 11 October 1340 appointing him archbishop of Lyon it is expressly stated that he was "in the 27th year of his age".
  2. ^ Étienne Baluze (1708). Histoire généalogique de la maison d' Auvergne: justifiée par chartres, titres, histoires anciennes et autres preuves authentiques (in French). Vol. Tome premier. Paris: Antoine Dezallier. pp. 115–116.
  3. ^ D. Saint-Marthe, Gallia christiana IV (Paris 1728), p. 164. Cardinal Guy left the Dominicans of Paris 50 gold florins in his Testament.
  4. ^ Baluze, I (1693), p. 836 ed. Mollat, II, p. 344].
  5. ^ Berlière, Suppliques, p. 50, no. 235. Étienne Joseph Poullin de Lumina (1770). Histoire de l'église de Lyon. Lyon: chez Joseph-Louis Berthoud. p. 331.
  6. ^ Berlière, Suppliques, p. 148, no. 643.
  7. ^ Gallia christiana IV , pp. 164-166.
  8. ^ Berlière, Suppliques, p. 7, no. 29.
  9. ^ Eubel, p. 316.
  10. ^ Eubel I, p. 18.
  11. ^ Johann Peter Kirsch (1895). Die Finanzverwaltung des Kardinal-Kollegiums im XIII. und XIV. Jahrhundert (in German and Latin). Munster: H. Schöningh. p. 79.
  12. ^ Berlière, Suppliques, p. 80, no. 376. H. Sauerland, Urkunden und Regesten zur Geschichte der Rheinland III (Bonn 1905), no. 71 (October 5, 1342).
  13. ^ Berlière, Suppliques, p. 109, no. 489.
  14. ^ Berlière, Suppliques, p. 124, no. 554; p. 125 no. 557; p. 132, no. 581.
  15. ^ Berlière, Suppliques, p. 138, no. 607.
  16. ^ Berlière, Suppliques, p. 160, no. 683.
  17. ^ Baronio (ed. Theiner), Vol. 25, p. 379, under the year 1346, § 19, and p. 382, § 26.
  18. ^ Alois Lang (1903). Acta salzburgo-aquilejensia: Quellen zur geschichte der ehemaligen kirchenprovinzen Salzburg und Aquileja (in German and Latin). Vol. Band I. Graz: Verlagsbuchhandlung 'Styria'. p. 304, no. 393.
  19. ^ Eubel, I, p. 18, n. 2.
  20. ^ Baronio, Vol. 25, under the year 1349, § 8, p. 462. A full list of the areas of his mandate is given in his own letter to the Patriarch of Aquileia, given in: J. D. Mansi, Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio Volume 26 (Venice 1784), p. 222.
  21. ^ Maléth (2019), p. 101
  22. ^ Augustin Theiner (1859). Vetera monumenta historica Hungariam sacram illustrantia: maximam partem nondum edita ex tabulariis vaticanis (in Latin). Rome: Typis Vaticanis. pp. 773–774.
  23. ^ Theiner (1859), pp. 778-779: Desideramus enim admodum te videre, ut tua grata nobis, qua teste Deo caremus inviti, frui presencia valeamus.
  24. ^ Baluze, I, p. 837 [ed. Mollat, II, p. 345].
  25. ^ Cornelison, Sally J. (2002). "A French King and a Magic Ring: The Girolami and a Relic of St. Zenobius in Renaissance Florence". Renaissance Quarterly. 55 (2): 434–469, at p. 441. doi:10.2307/1262315. hdl:1808/16965. JSTOR 1262315.
  26. ^ Baronio, Vol. 25, under the year 1350, § 4, p. 479-480.
  27. ^ Baronio Vol. 25, under the year 1350, § 2, p. 478. Cf. Baluze, I, p. 837-838 [ed. Mollat, pp. 345-346], who argues that she had died, based on his interpretation of the chronology of a letter of Petrarch.
  28. ^ Baronio Vol. 25, under the year 1350, § 13-14, p. 484; J. D. Mansi, Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio Volume 26 (Venice 1784), p. 221, 236.
  29. ^ Theiner (1859), pp. 785-786.
  30. ^ An unpublished sermon of Clement VI in the Bibliothèque Sainte-Geneviève indicates this. Setton, p. 647, n. 7.
  31. ^ Eubel, p. 37.
  32. ^ Baluze (1708), pp. 123-124. He notes as well that Cardinal Guillaume d'Aure also lost out on the vacancies that occurred at Ostia and Sabina.
  33. ^ Francesco Petrarca (1581). Francisci Petrarchae Florentini, V. C. operum in quo continentur, quae uersa pagella recitantur (in Latin). Vol. Tomus II. Per Sebastianum Henricpetri. pp. 1123–1128. The title calls it an "Oratio". Baluze, I (1693), p. 837 [ed. Mollat (1927), II, p. 345].
  34. ^ Mario Emilio Cosenza (1913). Francesco Petrarca and the Revolution of Cola Di Rienzo. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. pp. 235–240.
  35. ^ Baluze, Histoire de la maison d' Auvergne, p. 124; Gallia christiana IV, p. 230.
  36. ^ B. Hauréau (ed.), Gallia christiana XIV, p. 182.
  37. ^ J. P. Adams, Sede Vacante 1352. Retrieved: 2016-05-28.
  38. ^ Perroy, E. (1936). "Historical Revision LXXVIII: Franco-English Relations , 1350-1400". History. n.s. 21 (82): 148–154, at pp. 149-150. doi:10.1111/j.1468-229X.1936.tb00690.x. JSTOR 24401527. {{cite journal}}: |volume= has extra text (help)
  39. ^ Perroy, p. 150.
  40. ^ Baluze, I (1693), p. 839 [ed. Mollat (1927), II, p. 347].
  41. ^ Friedrich Bock (1931). "Some New Documents illustrating the early years of the Hundred Years War (1353-1356)" (PDF). Bulletin of the John Rylands Library. 15: 60–99, at pp. 70-77. doi:10.7227/BJRL.15.1.3. Retrieved 2016-05-27.
  42. ^ Baluze, I, p. 839 [ed. Mollat, II, p. 347]. G. Mollat, Les papes d'Avignon second edition (Paris 1912), pp. 288-299.
  43. ^ Nostredame, César de (1614). L'Histoire et chronique de Provence de Caesar de Nostradamus,... (in French). Lyon: S. Rigaud. p. 412. Baluze (1693), I, p. 874.
  44. ^ Froissart, Jean de (1868). Chroniques, Tome sixieme (Kervyn de Lettenhoven ed.). Bruxelles: De Vaux. p. 363.
  45. ^ J. P. Adams, Sede Vacante 1362. Retrieved: 2016-05-26.
  46. ^ "Iter Italicum Urbani V Romani Pontificis," in Baluze, II, pp. 767-775 [ed. Mollat, IV, pp. 131-137].
  47. ^ M. Chaillan, Le bienheureux Urbain V (Paris 1911), pp. 164-165.
  48. ^ Baronio (ed. Theiner), Tomus 26, under the year 1367, § 14, p. 147.
  49. ^ Alfons Huber (1877). Regesta Imperii unter Kaiser Karl IV, 1346-1378. Additamentum Primum ad J. Bohmer, Regesta Imperii VIII (in German). Vol. Erstes Erganzungsheft. Innsbruck: Wagner'sche Universitäts-Buchhandlung. p. 757.
  50. ^ Baluze (1708), p. 127.
  51. ^ Eubel, I, p. 21.
  52. ^ Baluze, I, p. 348 [ed. Mollat, II, p. 840]. This, at least, is what Garsias Martini said in his deposition concerning the disputed election of 1378. Garsias claims he heard Bartolomeo Prignano (Urban VI) remind Robert of Geneva (Clement VII) that the latter had been with Cardinal Guy when he came to Italy as Legate. Prignano reminded Robert of Geneva that he himself had been a familiaris of Cardinal Guy.
  53. ^ Eduard Winkelmann (1885). Acta imperii inedita seculi XIII [et XIV].: Urkunden und briefe zur geschichte des kaiserreichs und des königreichs Sicilien in den jahren 1198-1400 (in German and Latin). Vol. Zweiter Band. Innsbruck: Wagner. pp. 600, no. 924.
  54. ^ Theodor E. Mommsen, Italianische Akten (Stuttgart: Hiersemann, 1952), no. 338 and 341.
  55. ^ Augustin Theiner (1862). Codex diplomaticus dominii temporalis S. Sedis: 1335-1389 (in French and Latin). Vol. II. Rome: Imprimerie du Vatican. pp. 462–463, no. 453.
  56. ^ Setton, p. 648, n.: pro maiestate nostra cesarea in partibus Italie locum tenens et generalis vicarius
  57. ^ Albanès (1870), 15 pp.
  58. ^ J. P. Adams, Sede Vacante 1370. Retrieved: 2016-05-28.
  59. ^ Baluze I, 452 ("Vita Secunda"): quarta die dicti mensis per Dominum Cardinalem de Bolonia factus fuit presbyter.
  60. ^ Baluze, I, p. 425. The sources do not say who performed the act of coronation. Setton, p. 648, n., claims that it was Cardinal Guy. The right to crown a pope, however, had belonged for centuries to the Cardinal Protodeacon. In 1370-1371 that was Cardinal Guillaume de la Sudré.
  61. ^ Reported by Étienne Baluze, with sources, in Vitae paparum Avenionensium, ed. Guillaume Mollat, II (Paris, 1927), 328.
  62. ^ Baluze (1708), p. 128. Denis de Saint-Marthe, Gallia christiana II (Paris 1720), p. 404.

Further reading edit

  • Albanès, J. H. (1870). Oraison funèbre du pape Urbain V prononcée le jour de ses funérailles, 21 decembre 1370, dans l'église de Nôtre-Dame des Doms à Avignon, par le cardinal Guy de Boulogne. Marseille: Marius Olive.
  • Baluze [Baluzius], Etienne [Stephanus] (1693). Vitae paparum Avenionensium, hoc est, Historia pontificum romanorum qui in Gallia sederunt ab anno Christi MCCCV. usque ad annum MCCCXCIV (in Latin). Vol. Tomus primus. Paris: apud Franciscum Muguet.
  • Baluze, Etienne (1693). Vitae Paparum Avenionensium, Hoc est Historia Pontificum Romanorum qui in Gallia sederunt ab anno Christi MCCCV usque ad annum MCCCXCIV (in Latin). Vol. Tomus secundus. Paris: Muguet.
  • Baronio, Cesare (1872). Augustinus Theiner (ed.). Annales ecclesiastici: A. D. 1-1571 denuo excusi et ad nostra usque tempora perducti ab Augustino Theiner (in Latin). Vol. Tomus vigesimus quintus (25). Barri-Ducis: Typis et sumptibus Ludovici Guerin.
  • Clement VI (1906). Berlière, Ursmer (ed.). Suppliques de Clément VI (1342-1352): textes et analyses (in French and Latin). Rome: Institut historique belge.
  • Konrad Eubel (1898). Hierarchia catholica medii aevi: sive Summorum pontificum, S.R.E. cardinalium, ecclesiarum antistitum series ab anno 1198 usque ad annum [1605] perducta e documentis tabularii praesertim Vaticani collecta, digesta (in Latin). Vol. I. Münster: sumptibus et typis librariae Regensbergianae.
  • Jugie, Pierre (1987). "L'activité diplomatique du Cardinal Gui de Boulogne en France au milieu du XIVe siècle". Bibliothèque de l'École des Chartes. 145 (1): 99–127. doi:10.3406/bec.1987.450447.
  • Kirsch, Johann Peter (1898). Die Rücker der Päpste Urban V. und Gregor XI von Avignon nach Rom (in German). Paderborn: F. Schöningh.
  • Maléth, Ágnes (2022). "The Legation of Gui de Boulogne in the Hungarian Kingdom". Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis. 10: 95–120. doi:10.15170/SPMNNV.2019.10.05.
  • Setton, Kenneth M. "Archbishop Pierre d'Ameil in Naples and the Affair of Aimon III of Geneva (1363–1364)." Speculum, 28:4 (1953), 643–91. For Guy, see fn. 7 on pp. 647–48.
  • Saint-Marthe, Denis de (1876). Gallia christiana in provincias ecclesiasticas distributa...: tomus quartus complectens provinciam Lugdunensem (in Latin) (reprint of 1728 ed.). Paris: Ap. V. Palmé ; Bruxellis, ap. G. Lebrocquy.
  • Wood, Diana (1989). Clement VI: The Pontificate and Ideas of an Avignon Pope. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-89411-1.
  • Zacour, Norman P. (1960). "Talleyrand: The Cardinal of Périgord (1301-1364)". Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. new series, 50 (7): 1–83. doi:10.2307/1005798. JSTOR 1005798.

January 01, 1970
boulogne, 1313, november, 1373, statesman, cardinal, served, avignon, papacy, years, participated, papal, conclaves, 1352, 1362, 1370, subdean, sacred, college, cardinals, diplomatic, postings, were, extensive, including, hungary, italy, spain, headed, effort,. Guy of Boulogne 1313 1 25 November 1373 was a statesman and cardinal who served the Avignon Papacy for 33 years He participated in the papal conclaves of 1352 1362 and 1370 and was the Subdean of the Sacred College of Cardinals His diplomatic postings were extensive including Hungary Italy and Spain He headed an effort to end the Hundred Years War The historian Kenneth Setton called him one of the commanding figures of his day and the letters of Petrarch abound with references to him CardinalGuy de BoulogneCardinal BishopThe crowning of Pope Gregory XI 1371 a miniature from Froissart s Chroniques ChurchSanta Cecilia in Trastevere 1342 1350 ArchdioceseLyon 1340 1342 DiocesePorto 1350 1373 OrdersCreated cardinal20 September 1342by Pope Clement VIPersonal detailsBorn1313Boulogne sur Mer FranceDied25 November 1373Lleida Principality of CataloniaBuriedAbbaye du Bouschet VauluisantDiocese of ClermontNationalityFrenchParentsRobert VII of Auvergne and BoulogneMarie de FlandreOccupationdiplomatEducationTheologyAlma materUniversity of Paris Contents 1 Family 2 Cardinal 2 1 Legate in Hungary and Lombardy 2 2 Avignon 2 3 Legate in Spain 2 4 Conclave of 1362 2 5 Legate in Italy 2 6 Conclave of 1370 2 7 Legation to Spain 3 Notes 4 Further readingFamily editGuy was the third son of Count Robert VII of Auvergne and Boulogne 1317 1325 and Marie niece of Robert III Count of Flanders 2 Guy s family was well connected to the greatest houses in France and the Empire His sister Matilda married Count Amadeus III of Geneva making Guy uncle of four successive counts of Geneva and of antipope Clement VII The daughter of Guy s eldest brother Count William XII of Auvergne Joan Countess of Auvergne married John Duke of Normandy later King of France who thus called Guy by the courtesy title uncle Being a younger son and therefore destined for the Church Guy was sent to Paris where he devoted himself to theology He was especially close to the Dominicans of Paris 3 In his youth he was made Canon of Amiens 4 Guy held the post of Archdeacon of Flanders in the Church of Therouanne 5 He was also at some point made Canon and Prebend of Liege which he resigned by 27 January 1344 6 On 11 October 1340 Pope Benedict XII approved Guy s election as Archbishop of Lyon 7 and he was duly consecrated 8 but he held the Archbishopric for less than two years surrendering it when he became a cardinal and moved to Avignon 9 Cardinal edit nbsp Stemma of Cardinal Guy from a reliquary In the Consistory of 20 September 1342 Pope Clement VI Pierre Roger named ten new cardinals among them Archbishop Guy de Boulogne 10 He was appointed Cardinal Priest tituli S Caeciliae of Santa Cecilia in Trastevere On 6 and 7 November he was present in Consistory when the financial obligations of the newly appointed Archbishop of Narbonne the Papal Chamberlain Gasperto du Val were settled by the Pope 11 In 1342 he was also provided benefices in the Dioceses of Cologne Trier and Mainz by Clement VI 12 On 20 August 1343 Pope Clement provided Cardinal Guy to the Priory of Duyssell in the diocese of Soissons and the Priory of Calidomonte in the diocese of Terouanne 13 On 23 October 1343 he was granted the office of Prevot of Bruges in the diocese of Tournay and next day the Priory of Fieves in Tournay On 17 November the Pope gave him a canonry and prebend in the Cathedral of Terouanne 14 On 19 December the Pope granted Guy the right to grant the benefices once belonging to the late Bernard de Bensewilre to whomever he wished 15 On 18 March 1344 Cardinal Guy was granted the Priory of Papineloe in the diocese of Terouanne 16 All of these grants were for the sake of income the spiritual care of those involved was left to subordinates They also extended the influence of Guy s family in the territories over which they were secular rulers On 22 April 1346 Cardinal Guy was present in Avignon along with Cardinal Elie de Talleyrand and ten other cardinals to witness the pact between King John of Bohemia his son the future Emperor Charles IV and Pope Clement VI 17 Legate in Hungary and Lombardy edit On 30 November 1348 Pope Clement appointed Cardinal Guy de Boulogne his Apostolicae Sedis Legatus ambassador to the King of Hungary whose wife was a relative of Cardinal Guy and in other territories under the control of the King of Hungary in particular the province of Salzburg 18 Guy departed from Avignon on 15 January 1349 19 On March 9 1349 Cardinal Guy took up residence in Padua 20 The bishop of Padua Ildebrandino Conti was to accompany him to Hungary 21 On 26 April Pope Clement wrote to the Cardinal acknowledging a letter from him with enclosures of a letter of Cardinal Guy to King Louis and a letter from King Louis to the Cardinal 22 In 1349 Cardinal Guy travelled extensively in Hungary his job being to negotiate peace between the former kingdom and the Kingdom of Naples The two kingdoms had been at war since the murder of the Hungarian prince Andrea Duke of Calabria husband of the Angevin Queen of Naples Joanna I in 1345 Naples had been conquered by Andrew s elder brother Louis I of Hungary and Joanna was forced to flee to Provence her ancestral home But when the Black Death drove Louis out of Naples Joanna was able to return home The overlord of Naples and Sicily Pope Innocent VI was eager to find a solution to the succession crisis which was made worse by a Hungarian invasion of Naples in late 1349 and again in April 1350 On 25 January 1350 the Pope again acknowledged receipt of a letter from the Cardinal as well as a packet containing exchanges between the Cardinal and King Louis The Pope was doubtful that either King Louis or Queen Joanna would carry out their promises and commitments though they both said that they were willing to turn over captured towns to the Cardinal on behalf of the Pope The Pope advised the Cardinal not to go south just yet to receive the territories he also expressed his longing to see the Cardinal again to enjoy his company 23 Cardinal Guy was back in Padua on 14 February 1350 when he participated in the translation of the relics of Saint Anthony of Padua to their current resting place in the Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua 24 The reliquary containing the jawbone of St Anthony bears the arms of Cardinal Guy de Boulogne 25 He also met and had conversations with Petrarch whom he had known well in Avignon He was given a mandate by the Pope to visit Rome and participate in the Great Jubilee of 1350 He was instructed along with Cardinal Bertrand de Deaulx who had been Legate in Sicily for several years and who had investigated Cola di Rienzi to investigate the attempted assassination of Cardinal Annibaldo di Ceccano the Pope s special Legate for the Jubilee 26 There in Rome he met his mother who was making the jubilee pilgrimage 27 He returned to Padua in May where he conducted a synod which opened on 8 May 1350 his decree promulgating the decisions of the Synod was signed on 20 May 28 On 25 May Pope Clement wrote a letter to King Louis of Hungary in the belief that Cardinal Guy was still in Italy he had not yet returned to Avignon 29 He had returned to Avignon by 7 June 1350 30 King Louis of Hungary on his way home from his failed Neapolitan campaign visited Rome for the Jubilee and was back in Buda on 25 October 1350 Avignon edit Later that year following the death of Cardinal Bernard d Albi of Pamiers on 13 or 23 November 1350 Cardinal Guy was translated to the suburbicarian diocese of Porto and Santa Rufina 31 Baluze remarks that Cardinal Guy was only the second senior Cardinal priest but that his senior Cardinal Guillaume d Aure had never been a bishop whereas Cardinal Guy had been consecrated ten years earlier Preference at that time was given to cardinals who had been bishops and therefore Cardinal Guy was promoted 32 In 1351 from his prison in Prague where he had gone to seek support from the Emperor Charles IV Cola di Rienzi wrote a letter to Guy requesting his assistance in obtaining his freedom and leading a crusade 33 He was instead brought as a prisoner to Avignon where he was put on trial for heresy Somewhat surprisingly he was acquitted 34 On 15 May 1352 Cardinal Guy was present at the Curia in Avignon where he presided over the blessing of the new Abbot of l Isle Barbe near Lyon Jean Pilfort de Rabastencs 35 On 12 November 1352 he was appointed Dean of S Martin in Tours which he held for life 36 Pope Clement died in Avignon on 6 December 1352 The Conclave to elect his successor opened on Sunday 16 December 1352 in the Apostolic Palace in Avignon with twenty six cardinals in attendance including Guy de Boulogne At mid morning on 18 December they elected Cardinal Etienne Aubert who took the name Innocent VI He was crowned on 30 December 1352 37 Immediately after his coronation on 30 December 1352 the new Pope Innocent VI appointed Cardinal Guy as the principal facilitator in negotiations between the English and the French for an end to the war Frequent meetings took place at Calais and Boulogne 38 Cardinal Guy was attempting to use all of his credit with the French monarchy to bring about a peace with England which would greatly enhance his prestige He seems to have gone somewhat too far and he nearly succeeded in alienating the French King who was disappointed at the proposed concessions At the same time Cardinal Guy did succeed in arranging a peace between the French King and Navarre 39 But then King Edward III of England also made a treaty with the French claimant to the Duchy of Brittany to the great discomfort of King John During the negotiations when he was in Paris on 16 September 1353 the Cardinal dedicated the Carmelite Church in Paris with the King John II and Queen Jeanne attending 40 On 6 April 1354 at Guines Cardinal Guy de Boulogne witnessed the signing by representatives of France and England of a preliminary accord for ending the Hundred Years War 41 The preliminary accord had no lasting effect The Battle of Poitiers took place on 19 September 1356 and King John II was captured by the Black Prince The government of France collapsed Legate in Spain edit Between 1359 and 1361 Cardinal Guy was in Spain on another lengthy legation The son of King Jayme II of the Kingdom of Majorca Jayme III had been captured in battle on 25 Ootober 1349 and spent the next thirteen years as The Man in the Iron Cage Pope Innocent VI had made numerous demands for his release and this was one of the purposes of Cardinal Guy s legation The status of the Kingdom itself was a matter of contention And there were the disputes with King Pedro of Castile and Pedro IV of Aragon in what came to be called the War of the Two Peters In May 1361 Cardinal Guy de Boulogne was able to get the two monarchs to sign a peace treaty He returned to Avignon on 8 November 1361 The treaty had no effect 42 Conclave of 1362 edit In 1362 Cardinal Cardinals Guy of Boulogne Nicolas de Besse and Pierre de Beaufort joined in an effort to arrange a settlement in a dispute between John I Count of Armagnac and fr Raimond de Turenne Raimond de Turenne Raymond VIII Vicomte of Turenne grand nephew of Pope Clement and nephew of Cardinal Pierre de Beaufort concerning the Baronies of Pertuis Meyrargues Sederon and Les Pennes It was claimed that they were illegally occupied by the Vicomte who claimed that he had been given them by King Louis and Queen Jeanne of Naples the Count and Countess of Provence The three cardinals were chosen because they were parents et amis des deux parties A financial settlement was arranged but it did nothing to stop the violence and acquisitive spirit of the Vicomte 43 In September 1362 after the death of Pope Innocent VI the College of Cardinals was divided according to Jean Froissart into two factions one supporting Guy of Boulogne and the other Elie de Talleyrand for pope 44 In the end a compromise candidate was elected Abbot Guillaume Grimoald of S Vincent in Marseille who was Legate of the Apostolic See in the Kingdom of Sicily and was not present at the Conclave He was not even a cardinal The decision was taken perhaps on September 28 but it was not made public until the day after the arrival of Abbot Grimoald in Avignon 31 October Grimoald was proclaimed Pope Urban V 45 He took a leading role in negotiating peace between Charles V of France and Charles II of Navarre in 1366 Legate in Italy edit Pope Urban V had finally agreed to demands from every direction that he should return to Rome On 20 May 1367 he and the Papal Court set sail from Marseille for Italy Only five cardinals did not accompany the Pope on his journey 46 One who did was Guy de Boulogne On 23 May the party was at Genoa and on 1 June they were at Pisa The party stopped in Viterbo while Pope Urban took the body of his late friend Cardinal Egidio Albornoz who had died on 24 August to Assisi where he had wished to be buried in the Basilica of S Francesco In the meantime there were tensions in Viterbo between the retinues of several cardinals and the townsfolk Rioting broke out on 6 September and lasted three days ten people were killed 47 Urban decided it was time to press on for Rome but with an escort he prevailed on the Marquis of Ferrara to accompany him and with 2000 soldiers the Papal Curia departed for Rome On Saturday October 16 1367 there was again a Pope in Rome and Urban remained there until 11 May 1368 On 31 October 1367 the Pope consecrated Cardinal Guillaume de Agrifolio Bishop of Sabina and it was remarked that that was the first time since the reign of Boniface VIII 1295 1303 that a Pope had celebrated Mass at the high altar of St Peter s 48 He spent the summer of 1368 in Tuscany at Montefiascone where he held a Consistory for the creation of Cardinals on 22 September where eight new cardinals were named a Roman an Englishman Simon de Langham and six Frenchmen The Emperor Charles IV paid a visit during this time 49 and on All Saints Day 1 November 1368 the Pope crowned the Empress Elizabeth in the Vatican Basilica 50 Urban was still at Montefiascone on 7 June 1370 when he created two more cardinals Pierre d Estaing and Francesco Corsini of Florence 51 He departed Montefiascone on 26 August 1370 and reached Avignon on September 24 On Thursday 19 December 1370 Urban V died in Avignon nbsp Tomb of Guy de Boulogne Guy was papal legate in Italy during 1368 1369 while the Pope and the Roman Curia were visiting Rome and was briefly joined by his nephew Robert of Geneva Archbishop of Cambrai the future Pope Clement VII 52 The two witnessed an imperial diploma of Charles IV at Lucca on 28 February 1369 53 On 13 March 1369 Emperor Charles authorized the payment of 5000 gold gulden to Cardinal Guy his Statthalter in Italy he received another 3000 gulden on 5 May 54 On 13 June 1369 Cardinal Guy was named Emperor Charles Vicar General of Lucca and its territory for a period of three years 55 In Lucca Guy established his headquarters while he served as Lieutenant and General Vicar for the Empire in the regions lit parts of Italy having been appointed by our Caesarean i e imperial majesty Charles IV 56 Conclave of 1370 edit On 21 December 1370 Guy gave a eulogy prepared in a single day at the funeral of Urban V in the church of Notre Dame des Doms in Avignon 57 On 30 December Cardinal Pierre Roger de Beaufort a nephew of Clement VI was elected to succeed Urban The election took place on the morning of 30 December 1370 without a scrutiny by inspiration On the same day the new Pope wrote to the King of France hodie per viam Sancti Spiritus evocarunt Today they named me by the method of the Holy Spirit 58 On 4 January 1371 Cardinal Guy de Boulogne Bishop of Porto and Santa Rufina ordained him a priest 59 On the next day the Vigil of the Epiphany 5 January 1371 Pierre Roger de Beaufort was consecrated a bishop presumably by the cardinal who had the centuries old right the Bishop of Ostia Guillaume de la Sudre He was crowned under the name Pope Gregory XI 60 Legation to Spain edit In 1372 73 Guy undertook his final legation his second to Spain to try to make peace between Charles II of Navarre and Henry II of Castile He died in Spain at Lerida Lleida on 25 November 1373 There were those who said that he died of poison which was administered to him by the treachery arte of Charles II King of Navarre 61 His body was returned to France by his brother Jean Comte d Auvergne et du Boulogne and he was buried at the Abbey of Notre Dame de Bouchet in the diocese of Clermont The abbey had been founded by Robert Comte d Auvergne in 1197 or 1198 Cardinal Guy de Boulogne had left the abbey sufficient money to finish his tomb as well as a legacy to purchase enough property to support twelve monks 62 Notes edit Setton p 647 n 7 In the papal letter dated 11 October 1340 appointing him archbishop of Lyon it is expressly stated that he was in the 27th year of his age Etienne Baluze 1708 Histoire genealogique de la maison d Auvergne justifiee par chartres titres histoires anciennes et autres preuves authentiques in French Vol Tome premier Paris Antoine Dezallier pp 115 116 D Saint Marthe Gallia christiana IV Paris 1728 p 164 Cardinal Guy left the Dominicans of Paris 50 gold florins in his Testament Baluze I 1693 p 836 ed Mollat II p 344 Berliere Suppliques p 50 no 235 Etienne Joseph Poullin de Lumina 1770 Histoire de l eglise de Lyon Lyon chez Joseph Louis Berthoud p 331 Berliere Suppliques p 148 no 643 Gallia christiana IV pp 164 166 Berliere Suppliques p 7 no 29 Eubel p 316 Eubel I p 18 Johann Peter Kirsch 1895 Die Finanzverwaltung des Kardinal Kollegiums im XIII und XIV Jahrhundert in German and Latin Munster H Schoningh p 79 Berliere Suppliques p 80 no 376 H Sauerland Urkunden und Regesten zur Geschichte der Rheinland III Bonn 1905 no 71 October 5 1342 Berliere Suppliques p 109 no 489 Berliere Suppliques p 124 no 554 p 125 no 557 p 132 no 581 Berliere Suppliques p 138 no 607 Berliere Suppliques p 160 no 683 Baronio ed Theiner Vol 25 p 379 under the year 1346 19 and p 382 26 Alois Lang 1903 Acta salzburgo aquilejensia Quellen zur geschichte der ehemaligen kirchenprovinzen Salzburg und Aquileja in German and Latin Vol Band I Graz Verlagsbuchhandlung Styria p 304 no 393 Eubel I p 18 n 2 Baronio Vol 25 under the year 1349 8 p 462 A full list of the areas of his mandate is given in his own letter to the Patriarch of Aquileia given in J D Mansi Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio Volume 26 Venice 1784 p 222 Maleth 2019 p 101 Augustin Theiner 1859 Vetera monumenta historica Hungariam sacram illustrantia maximam partem nondum edita ex tabulariis vaticanis in Latin Rome Typis Vaticanis pp 773 774 Theiner 1859 pp 778 779 Desideramus enim admodum te videre ut tua grata nobis qua teste Deo caremus inviti frui presencia valeamus Baluze I p 837 ed Mollat II p 345 Cornelison Sally J 2002 A French King and a Magic Ring The Girolami and a Relic of St Zenobius in Renaissance Florence Renaissance Quarterly 55 2 434 469 at p 441 doi 10 2307 1262315 hdl 1808 16965 JSTOR 1262315 Baronio Vol 25 under the year 1350 4 p 479 480 Baronio Vol 25 under the year 1350 2 p 478 Cf Baluze I p 837 838 ed Mollat pp 345 346 who argues that she had died based on his interpretation of the chronology of a letter of Petrarch Baronio Vol 25 under the year 1350 13 14 p 484 J D Mansi Sacrorum conciliorum nova et amplissima collectio Volume 26 Venice 1784 p 221 236 Theiner 1859 pp 785 786 An unpublished sermon of Clement VI in the Bibliotheque Sainte Genevieve indicates this Setton p 647 n 7 Eubel p 37 Baluze 1708 pp 123 124 He notes as well that Cardinal Guillaume d Aure also lost out on the vacancies that occurred at Ostia and Sabina Francesco Petrarca 1581 Francisci Petrarchae Florentini V C operum in quo continentur quae uersa pagella recitantur in Latin Vol Tomus II Per Sebastianum Henricpetri pp 1123 1128 The title calls it an Oratio Baluze I 1693 p 837 ed Mollat 1927 II p 345 Mario Emilio Cosenza 1913 Francesco Petrarca and the Revolution of Cola Di Rienzo Chicago The University of Chicago Press pp 235 240 Baluze Histoire de la maison d Auvergne p 124 Gallia christiana IV p 230 B Haureau ed Gallia christiana XIV p 182 J P Adams Sede Vacante 1352 Retrieved 2016 05 28 Perroy E 1936 Historical Revision LXXVIII Franco English Relations 1350 1400 History n s 21 82 148 154 at pp 149 150 doi 10 1111 j 1468 229X 1936 tb00690 x JSTOR 24401527 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a volume has extra text help Perroy p 150 Baluze I 1693 p 839 ed Mollat 1927 II p 347 Friedrich Bock 1931 Some New Documents illustrating the early years of the Hundred Years War 1353 1356 PDF Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 15 60 99 at pp 70 77 doi 10 7227 BJRL 15 1 3 Retrieved 2016 05 27 Baluze I p 839 ed Mollat II p 347 G Mollat Les papes d Avignon second edition Paris 1912 pp 288 299 Nostredame Cesar de 1614 L Histoire et chronique de Provence de Caesar de Nostradamus in French Lyon S Rigaud p 412 Baluze 1693 I p 874 Froissart Jean de 1868 Chroniques Tome sixieme Kervyn de Lettenhoven ed Bruxelles De Vaux p 363 J P Adams Sede Vacante 1362 Retrieved 2016 05 26 Iter Italicum Urbani V Romani Pontificis in Baluze II pp 767 775 ed Mollat IV pp 131 137 M Chaillan Le bienheureux Urbain V Paris 1911 pp 164 165 Baronio ed Theiner Tomus 26 under the year 1367 14 p 147 Alfons Huber 1877 Regesta Imperii unter Kaiser Karl IV 1346 1378 Additamentum Primum ad J Bohmer Regesta Imperii VIII in German Vol Erstes Erganzungsheft Innsbruck Wagner sche Universitats Buchhandlung p 757 Baluze 1708 p 127 Eubel I p 21 Baluze I p 348 ed Mollat II p 840 This at least is what Garsias Martini said in his deposition concerning the disputed election of 1378 Garsias claims he heard Bartolomeo Prignano Urban VI remind Robert of Geneva Clement VII that the latter had been with Cardinal Guy when he came to Italy as Legate Prignano reminded Robert of Geneva that he himself had been a familiaris of Cardinal Guy Eduard Winkelmann 1885 Acta imperii inedita seculi XIII et XIV Urkunden und briefe zur geschichte des kaiserreichs und des konigreichs Sicilien in den jahren 1198 1400 in German and Latin Vol Zweiter Band Innsbruck Wagner pp 600 no 924 Theodor E Mommsen Italianische Akten Stuttgart Hiersemann 1952 no 338 and 341 Augustin Theiner 1862 Codex diplomaticus dominii temporalis S Sedis 1335 1389 in French and Latin Vol II Rome Imprimerie du Vatican pp 462 463 no 453 Setton p 648 n pro maiestate nostra cesarea in partibus Italie locum tenens et generalis vicarius Albanes 1870 15 pp J P Adams Sede Vacante 1370 Retrieved 2016 05 28 Baluze I 452 Vita Secunda quarta die dicti mensis per Dominum Cardinalem de Bolonia factus fuit presbyter Baluze I p 425 The sources do not say who performed the act of coronation Setton p 648 n claims that it was Cardinal Guy The right to crown a pope however had belonged for centuries to the Cardinal Protodeacon In 1370 1371 that was Cardinal Guillaume de la Sudre Reported by Etienne Baluze with sources in Vitae paparum Avenionensium ed Guillaume Mollat II Paris 1927 328 Baluze 1708 p 128 Denis de Saint Marthe Gallia christiana II Paris 1720 p 404 Further reading editAlbanes J H 1870 Oraison funebre du pape Urbain V prononcee le jour de ses funerailles 21 decembre 1370 dans l eglise de Notre Dame des Doms a Avignon par le cardinal Guy de Boulogne Marseille Marius Olive Baluze Baluzius Etienne Stephanus 1693 Vitae paparum Avenionensium hoc est Historia pontificum romanorum qui in Gallia sederunt ab anno Christi MCCCV usque ad annum MCCCXCIV in Latin Vol Tomus primus Paris apud Franciscum Muguet Baluze Etienne 1693 Vitae Paparum Avenionensium Hoc est Historia Pontificum Romanorum qui in Gallia sederunt ab anno Christi MCCCV usque ad annum MCCCXCIV in Latin Vol Tomus secundus Paris Muguet Baronio Cesare 1872 Augustinus Theiner ed Annales ecclesiastici A D 1 1571 denuo excusi et ad nostra usque tempora perducti ab Augustino Theiner in Latin Vol Tomus vigesimus quintus 25 Barri Ducis Typis et sumptibus Ludovici Guerin Clement VI 1906 Berliere Ursmer ed Suppliques de Clement VI 1342 1352 textes et analyses in French and Latin Rome Institut historique belge Konrad Eubel 1898 Hierarchia catholica medii aevi sive Summorum pontificum S R E cardinalium ecclesiarum antistitum series ab anno 1198 usque ad annum 1605 perducta e documentis tabularii praesertim Vaticani collecta digesta in Latin Vol I Munster sumptibus et typis librariae Regensbergianae Jugie Pierre 1987 L activite diplomatique du Cardinal Gui de Boulogne en France au milieu du XIVe siecle Bibliotheque de l Ecole des Chartes 145 1 99 127 doi 10 3406 bec 1987 450447 Kirsch Johann Peter 1898 Die Rucker der Papste Urban V und Gregor XI von Avignon nach Rom in German Paderborn F Schoningh Maleth Agnes 2022 The Legation of Gui de Boulogne in the Hungarian Kingdom Specimina Nova Pars Prima Sectio Medaevalis 10 95 120 doi 10 15170 SPMNNV 2019 10 05 Setton Kenneth M Archbishop Pierre d Ameil in Naples and the Affair of Aimon III of Geneva 1363 1364 Speculum 28 4 1953 643 91 For Guy see fn 7 on pp 647 48 Saint Marthe Denis de 1876 Gallia christiana in provincias ecclesiasticas distributa tomus quartus complectens provinciam Lugdunensem in Latin reprint of 1728 ed Paris Ap V Palme Bruxellis ap G Lebrocquy Wood Diana 1989 Clement VI The Pontificate and Ideas of an Avignon Pope Cambridge Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0 521 89411 1 Zacour Norman P 1960 Talleyrand The Cardinal of Perigord 1301 1364 Transactions of the American Philosophical Society new series 50 7 1 83 doi 10 2307 1005798 JSTOR 1005798 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Guy of Boulogne amp oldid 1220664823, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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