A greater city movement refers to various reform efforts—both contemporary and historical—to expand the municipal boundaries of a primate central city to incorporate all, or part, of the surrounding metropolitan population. Historically, greater city movements were proposed as a solution to the problem of metropolitan planning and administration.[1][2] Today, the concept has been largely discredited for political reasons[3] Historically, examples of cities that have successfully expanded their boundaries to include the entire metropolitan population are extremely rare, and as a general principle few, if any cities worldwide have been able to maintain a continuous process of boundary adjustment to include surrounding areas of population growth.[citation needed]
1893 political cartoon illustrating the opposition in Brooklyn to the creation of a greater City of New York.
The greater city movements of the early twentieth century grew out of concern for improving urban health, efficiency and aesthetics. They also reflected the longstanding historical understanding of cities as a politically unified entity. Larger municipal governments with greater resources were seen as a means for implementing the ideas of municipal socialism, City beautiful and the garden city.[4]
Greater city movements are distinct from "regionalism" movements, which seek to create an additional tier of regional metropolitan government (Such as Grand Paris in 2016).[citation needed]
In Australia the movement led to the creation of a greater Brisbane (1925) which is considered the only true implantation of the "greater city" model. More limited successes were achieved in Newcastle (1938) and Perth (1914–1917). Elsewhere, including Melbourne and Sydney, the movement was entirely unsuccessful[5] and today, the idea of large, metropolitan local authorities coordinating development, infrastructure, financing is rarely identified as a model for urban and regional planning. Examples of successful and partially successful movements include the following:
Perth: The amalgamation of several inner city municipalities occurred between 1914 and 1917, but was reversed by the state government in 1993. Efforts to encourage an amalgamation of the City of Perth and the City of Vincent failed in 2013 although the City of Perth was expanded to include the University of Western Australia and surrounding neighbourhood.
Brisbane (1924): The only truly successful implementation of the greater city movement in Australia.
^"The Greater Sydney Movement". The Sydney Morning Herald. 12 April 1900.
^"Greater Adelaide". Port Pirie Recorder and North Western Mail. 18 March 1911.
^Robson, William A. (1972). Great Cities of the World: Their Government, Politics and Planning. Vol. 1. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd.
^Minnery, John (July 14, 2004). 'The wonderful possibilities of the future’: Political and administrative influences on urban planning in Greater Brisbane. International Planning History Conference Barcelona.
^Minnery, John (November 2014). "Off the Shelf or Tailor Made? Sources of Ideas for the Creation of Greater Brisbane in 1924". International Journal of Regional and Local History. 9 (2): 107–122. doi:10.1179/2051453014Z.00000000018. S2CID 129775406.
August 31, 2023
greater, city, movements, greater, city, movement, refers, various, reform, efforts, both, contemporary, historical, expand, municipal, boundaries, primate, central, city, incorporate, part, surrounding, metropolitan, population, historically, greater, city, m. A greater city movement refers to various reform efforts both contemporary and historical to expand the municipal boundaries of a primate central city to incorporate all or part of the surrounding metropolitan population Historically greater city movements were proposed as a solution to the problem of metropolitan planning and administration 1 2 Today the concept has been largely discredited for political reasons 3 Historically examples of cities that have successfully expanded their boundaries to include the entire metropolitan population are extremely rare and as a general principle few if any cities worldwide have been able to maintain a continuous process of boundary adjustment to include surrounding areas of population growth citation needed 1893 political cartoon illustrating the opposition in Brooklyn to the creation of a greater City of New York The greater city movements of the early twentieth century grew out of concern for improving urban health efficiency and aesthetics They also reflected the longstanding historical understanding of cities as a politically unified entity Larger municipal governments with greater resources were seen as a means for implementing the ideas of municipal socialism City beautiful and the garden city 4 Greater city movements are distinct from regionalism movements which seek to create an additional tier of regional metropolitan government Such as Grand Paris in 2016 citation needed Contents 1 Examples 1 1 Australia 1 2 Canada 1 3 United Kingdom 1 4 United States 2 See also 3 ReferencesExamples EditAustralia Edit In Australia the movement led to the creation of a greater Brisbane 1925 which is considered the only true implantation of the greater city model More limited successes were achieved in Newcastle 1938 and Perth 1914 1917 Elsewhere including Melbourne and Sydney the movement was entirely unsuccessful 5 and today the idea of large metropolitan local authorities coordinating development infrastructure financing is rarely identified as a model for urban and regional planning Examples of successful and partially successful movements include the following Perth The amalgamation of several inner city municipalities occurred between 1914 and 1917 but was reversed by the state government in 1993 Efforts to encourage an amalgamation of the City of Perth and the City of Vincent failed in 2013 although the City of Perth was expanded to include the University of Western Australia and surrounding neighbourhood Brisbane 1924 The only truly successful implementation of the greater city movement in Australia Newcastle 1937 Wollongong 1947 Canada Edit Toronto Seven municipalities were amalgamated into the City of Toronto in 1997 United Kingdom Edit Glasgow Birmingham The city was expanded to include adjoining districts in 1891 1909 1911 1928 1931 and 1974 London The London County Council was created in 1889 United States Edit New York The creation of the City of Greater New York in 1898 See also Edit Cities portalReferences Edit The Greater Sydney Movement The Sydney Morning Herald 12 April 1900 Greater Adelaide Port Pirie Recorder and North Western Mail 18 March 1911 Robson William A 1972 Great Cities of the World Their Government Politics and Planning Vol 1 London George Allen amp Unwin Ltd Minnery John July 14 2004 The wonderful possibilities of the future Political and administrative influences on urban planning in Greater Brisbane International Planning History Conference Barcelona Minnery John November 2014 Off the Shelf or Tailor Made Sources of Ideas for the Creation of Greater Brisbane in 1924 International Journal of Regional and Local History 9 2 107 122 doi 10 1179 2051453014Z 00000000018 S2CID 129775406 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Greater city movements amp oldid 1164920172, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
