Great Douk Cave
Great Douk Cave is a shallow cave system lying beneath the limestone bench of Ingleborough in Chapel-le-Dale, North Yorkshire, England. It is popular with beginners and escorted groups, as it offers straightforward caving, and it is possible to follow the cave from where a stream emerges at a small waterfall to a second entrance close to where it sinks 600 yards (549 m) further up the hill.[3][4] It lies within the Ingleborough Site of Special Scientific Interest.[5][6]
| Great Douk Cave | |
|---|---|
Entrance to Great Douk Cave | |
| Location | Chapel-le-Dale, Ingleborough |
| Coordinates | 54°11′18″N 2°23′20″W / 54.1882°N 2.38894°W |
| Length | 914 metres (2,999 ft)[1] |
| Discovery | first through trip 1936[2] |
| Geology | Carboniferous limestone |
| Entrances | 5 (excluding Southerscales Pot) |
| Difficulty | Easy - no pitches or difficulties[1] |
| Hazards | Flooding |
| Access | No restrictions |
Description edit
The main entrance is in a large collapsed depression, at the bottom of which is the scaffolded entrance to Great Douk Pot, and at the south-eastern end is the obvious entrance to the cave from which a waterfall issues.
The cave can be entered by climbing up the waterfall, or crawling through an open bedding above. To the left, a low passage leads to where the Southerscales Pot stream flows out of a short sump. Straight on is easy walking, passing under Little Douk Pot, an alternative pothole entrance, and 70 metres (230 ft) beyond beneath another skylight to the surface.[7] Eventually a pleasant succession of cascades is met, and the passage passes through areas of fine flowstone. Soon after an oxbow passage, which by-passes a low crawl in the stream, the passage bifurcates.
The main way is to the left, which lowers to a flat-out bedding with the main water entering from a small passage on the left. Straight ahead the passage chokes, but a hole in the roof enters a dry bedding which leads to a junction. Turning left leads to the Middle Washfold entrances.[1]
History edit
Great Douk must have been known for a very long time, but the first reference to it may be found in John Hutton's Addendum to the second edition of Thomas West's Guide to the Lakes published in 1780.[8] Hutton and party explored the cave for some 50 yards (46 m) beyond the Little Douk Pot window.[9] Thereafter a visit to the entrance at least, seems to have been on every passing tourist's schedule, featuring, for example, in the 1853 edition of Garnett's Craven Itinerary.[10]
In 1850, Howson in his guidebook to Craven reported that it was possible to penetrate beyond Little Douk for "about seven hundred yards", and the Balderstons in Ingleton: Bygone and Present published in 1888 described how the cave can be explored to where "the subterranean river is found to have its branches like a subaerial stream" – i.e. to within a 100 yards (91 m) of the exit at Middle Washfold.[11][12] The connection with Middle Washfold was made on 1 August 1936 by Norman Thornber and E. J. Douglas of the British Speleological Association and F. King of the Northern Cavern and Fell Club.[2] The connection with Middle Washfold Sink was made by members of the University of Leeds Speleological Society (ULSA) in February 1966.[13]
The connection with Southerscales Pot was made in 1966 by members of the Cave Diving Group following the exploration of Southerscales Pot by ULSA.[13] In 2021 Great Douk gained a fifth entrance when a surface shakehole collapsed into the stream passage below.[7]
Etymology edit
Douk features a number of times in the names of caves and locations in the Yorkshire Dales, including Low Douk on Ireby Fell, Douk Gill Cave near Horton in Ribblesdale, Dowkabottom Cave in Littondale, and High Douk Cave near Great Douk Cave.[1][14][15] One meaning of the term offered by Smith in his 1961 The Place-Names of the West Riding of Yorkshire, with reference to Dowkabottom, is "damp, wet, mist", but William Carr in an 1828 book on the dialect of Craven gives the meaning as "To bathe, to duck".[16][17]
The first known publication in which the cave was referred to as 'Great Douk Cave', as opposed to 'Douk Cave' as in earlier publications, was Harry Speight's 1892 The Craven and North-West Yorkshire Highlands, although William Stott Banks refers to "great and little Douk" in his 1866 Walks in Yorkshire.[18][19]
Gallery edit
- The bottom waterfall entrance
- Squeezing past flowstone in the main stream passage
- Low passage close to the connection with Middle Washfold Cave
- One of the Middle Washfold entrances
References edit
- ^ a b c d Brook, Alan; Brook, D; Griffiths, J; Long, M.H (1991). Northern Caves 2 The Three Peaks. Clapham (via Lancaster): The Dalesman Publishing Company. pp. 243–244. ISBN 1-85568-0335.
- ^ a b Anon (1937). "Great Douk". Caves and Caving. 1 (1). British Speleological Association: 31.
- ^ . Ingleton Overground Underground Festival. Archived from the original on 26 June 2012. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
- ^ Gardner, John; Hinde, Andrew; Hack, Jenny. "Great Douk Cave. A Guide to Hidden Gems" (PDF file). Natural England. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
- ^ "Citation for the Ingleborough SSSI" (pdf file). Natural England. 1986. Retrieved 10 December 2012.
- ^ "Monitoring Forms for the Great Douk area". Council of Northern Caving Clubs and Natural England. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
- ^ a b Hinde, Andrew. "Great Douk Collapse 19 April 2021 Shakehole collapse into Great Douk Cave". Council of Northern Cavin Clubs. Retrieved 5 July 2021.
- ^ Trevor R, Shaw (1971). "John Hutton 1740? - 1806". Studies in Speleology. 2 (3–4). London: William Pengelly Cave Studies Trust Ltd: 109–128.
- ^ West, Thomas (1778). Guide to the Lakes. London: Richardson & Urquhart. pp. 255–256.
- ^ Garnett, John (1853). Garnett's Craven Itinerary. Skipton: John Garnett, Printer and Publisher. pp. 71–85.
- ^ Howson, William (1850). An Illustrated Guide to the Curiosities of Craven. London: Whittaker & Co. p. 98.
Douk.
- ^ Balderston, R & M (1888). Ingleton: Bygone and Present. London: Simpkin, Marshall & Co. p. 43.
- ^ a b Brook, David; Crabtree (October 1969). "Great Douk Cave & Southerscales Pot". ULSA Explorations Journal. 1: 36.
- ^ Brook, Dave; Griffiths, J; Long, M.H; Ryder, P.F. (1994). Northern Caves 3 The Three Counties System and the North West. Clapham (via Lancaster): The Dalesman Publishing Company. p. 80. ISBN 1855680831.
- ^ Brook, Dave; Davies, G.M; Long, M.H; Ryder, P.F. (1988). Northern Caves 1 Wharfedale and the North-East. Clapham (via Lancaster): The Dalesman Publishing Company. p. 72. ISBN 0852069278.
- ^ Smith, A. H. (1961). The Place‑Names of the West Riding of Yorkshire. Part 7. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 125. ISBN 0904889343.
- ^ Carr, William (1828). The Dialect of Craven. London: Wm. Crofts. p. 116.
- ^ Speight, Harry (1892). The Craven and North-West Yorkshire Highlands. London: Elliott Stock. pp. 249–250.
- ^ Banks, William Stott (1866). Walks in Yorkshire. London: J. Russell Smith. pp. 61–62.
External links edit
- Google Books version of the 3rd edition of Wests Guide to the Lakes which also includes John Hutton's Addendum
- Google Books version of William Stott Bank's Walks in Yorkshire
- Extract from Balderstons' Ingleton: Bygone and Present
- Google Books version of Harry Speight's The Craven and North-West Yorkshire Highlands
- Natural England Visitor Guide This leaflet contains a survey with marked features of interest designed for group leaders.
- Google Earth map showing the position of the three main entrances