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Governorate of the Río de la Plata

January 19, 2024

The Governorate of the Río de la Plata (1549−1776) (Spanish: Gobernación del Río de la Plata, pronounced [ɡoβeɾnaˈsjon del ˈri.o ðe la ˈplata]) was one of the governorates of the Spanish Empire. It was created in 1549 by Spain in the area around the Río de la Plata.

It was at first simply a renaming of the New Andalusia Governorate and included all of the land between 470 and 670 leagues south of the mouth of the Río Santiago along the Pacific coast. After 1617, Paraguay was separated under a separate administration (Asunción had been the capital of the governorate since Juan de Ayolas.)

After the founding of the Viceroyalty of Peru in 1542, the governorate was since its birth under its authority until the formation of the independent Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata in 1776. Similarly, it was under the jurisdiction of the Royal Audience of Charcas until the formation of the independent Royal Audience of Buenos Aires from 1661 to 1671 and after 1783.

The adelantado grants of Charles V prior to the establishment of the Viceroyalty of Peru.

Governors of New Andalusia edit

Governors of the Río de la Plata edit

  • Governor Domingo Martínez de Irala (1544–1556). Encouraged his men to marry and keep concubines from local women. Two adelantados are unable to arrive from Spain and de Irala confirmed in his post by the king 1552. Died peacefully.
  • Governor Gonzalo de Mendoza (1556–1558). Ciudad Real de Guayrá founded by Ruy Díaz de Malgarejo in 1557. Died peacefully.
  • Governor Francisco Ortiz de Vergara (1558–1569). Elected by the colonists. Foundations fail at San Francisco, Sancti Spiritus, and Santa Cruz de la Sierra. Arrested and returned to Spain for trial.
  • Lt. Governor Felipe de Cáceres (1569–1572). Appointed by Royal Audience. Arrested and returned to Spain for trial.
  • Lt. Governor Martín Suárez de Toledo (1572-1574). Acting
  • Adelantado Governor Juan Ortiz de Zárate (1574–1576). Sailed to Spain to confirm his election. Foundation of Tucuman.
  • Lt. Governor Diego Ortiz de Zárate (1576–1578). Juan Ortiz left the administration to his daughter Juana, but others de facto governed.
  • Lt. Governor Juan de Garay (1578–1583). Buenos Aires refounded 1580.
  • Lt. Governor Alonso de Vera y Aragón (1583–1587). And de facto governor at Asunción until 1592.
  • Adelantado Governor Juan Torres de Vera y Aragón (1587–1592). Judge of the Royal Audience, married to Juana Ortiz de Zárate. Last appointed adelantado.

Governors of the Río de la Plata and Paraguay edit

Governors of Río de la Plata edit

 
The audiencias of the Viceroyalty of Peru c.1650. The Audience of Charcas is section 5.[1]
  • Governor Hernando Arias de Saavedra (1617–1618).
  • Governor Diego de Góngora (1618–1623). Found guilty post mortem of corruption, allowing trade in slaves and contraband to flourish.
  • Governor Alonso Pérez de Salazar (1623–1624).
  • Governor Francisco de Céspedes (1624–1631). Continued efforts to pacify the Charrua.
  • Governor Pedro Esteban Dávila (1631–1637). Concepción del Bermejo destroyed by natives.
  • Governor Mendo de la Cueva y Benavidez (1637–1640). Defense of Buenos Aires improved. Expedition against the Calchaquís. Fort Santa Teresa erected.
  • Governor Ventura Mojica (or Mujica) (1640–1641).
  • Governor Andrés de Sandoval (1641).
  • Governor Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera y Garay (1641–1645). Expulsion of Portuguese attempted in governorate.
  • Governor Jacinto Lariz (1645–1653). Arrested.
  • Governor Pedro Baigorrí Ruiz (1653–1660). Three French ships successfully repelled from Buenos Aires. Calchaquís repelled from Santa Fe.
  • Governor Alonso Mercado y Villacorta (1660–1663). Request to be able to send two trade ships annually denied. Dutch ships permitted to dock in Buenos Aires.
  • Governor Juan Martínez de Salazar (1663–1674). Continued requests for free commerce. The Royal Audience of Buenos Aires briefly independent of the court at Charcas.
  • Governor Andrés de Robles (1674–1678).
  • Governor José de Garro (1678–1682). Portuguese expelled from Colonia de Sacramento in 1680.
  • Governor José Antonio de Herrera y Sotomayor (1682–1691). Tucuman relocated.
  • Governor Agustín de Robles (1691–1698).
  • Governor Manuel de Prado y Maldonado (1698–1704). Visit from Danish squadron in Buenos Aires.
  • Governor Alonso Juan de Valdés e Inclán (1704–1708). Colonia de Sacramento retaken.
  • Governor Manuel de Velasco y Tejada (1708–1712). Purchased office for 3000 pesos. Arrested.
  • Governor Juan José de Muliloa (1712).
  • Governor Alonso de Arce y Soria (1712–1714). Buys the position for 18,000 pesos. Dies five months later.
  • Governor José Bermúdez de Castro (1714–1715).
  • Governor Baltasar García Ros (1715–1717). Colonia del Sacramento returned to the Portuguese. Campaigns against the Charrua, Yaro, and Bohanes.
  • Governor Bruno Mauricio de Zabala (1717–1734). Repelled Portuguese attack against Montevideo.
  • Governor Miguel de Salcedo y Sierraalta (1734–1742). Expulsion of foreigners from Buenos Aires ordered. Failed attempt to retake Colonia del Sacramento.
  • Governor Domingo Ortíz de Rozas (1742–1745). Refortified Montevideo.
  • Governor José de Andonaegui (1745–1756). First mail delivery opened with Chile and Potosí.
  • Governor Pedro Antonio de Cevallos (or Ceballos) (1756–1766). Colonia del Sacramento retaken.
  • Governor Francisco de Paula Bucarelli y Ursúa (1766–1770). English expelled from the Falkland Islands. Mail inaugurated between A Coruña and the Río de la Plata.
  • Governor Juan José de Vértiz y Salcedo (1770–1776). After which, the governorate is replaced by the Viceroyalty and Intendancy of Buenos Aires in the Bourbon reforms.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ For two, somewhat different interpretations of the boundaries in unsettled areas, see Burkholder, Mark A. and Lyman L. Johnson. Colonial Latin America (10 editions). (New York: Oxford University Press, 1990), Map 2, 73 ISBN 0-19-506110-1; and Lombardi, Cathryn L., John V. Lombardi and K. Lynn Stoner. Latin American History: A Teaching Atlas. (Madison: The University of Wisconsin Press, 1983), 29. ISBN 0-299-09714-5

January 19, 2024
governorate, río, plata, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, 20. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Governorate of the Rio de la Plata news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2009 Learn how and when to remove this template message The Governorate of the Rio de la Plata 1549 1776 Spanish Gobernacion del Rio de la Plata pronounced ɡobeɾnaˈsjon del ˈri o de la ˈplata was one of the governorates of the Spanish Empire It was created in 1549 by Spain in the area around the Rio de la Plata It was at first simply a renaming of the New Andalusia Governorate and included all of the land between 470 and 670 leagues south of the mouth of the Rio Santiago along the Pacific coast After 1617 Paraguay was separated under a separate administration Asuncion had been the capital of the governorate since Juan de Ayolas After the founding of the Viceroyalty of Peru in 1542 the governorate was since its birth under its authority until the formation of the independent Viceroyalty of the Rio de la Plata in 1776 Similarly it was under the jurisdiction of the Royal Audience of Charcas until the formation of the independent Royal Audience of Buenos Aires from 1661 to 1671 and after 1783 The adelantado grants of Charles V prior to the establishment of the Viceroyalty of Peru Contents 1 Governors of New Andalusia 2 Governors of the Rio de la Plata 3 Governors of the Rio de la Plata and Paraguay 4 Governors of Rio de la Plata 5 See also 6 ReferencesGovernors of New Andalusia editAdelantado Governor Captain General and Chief justice Pedro de Mendoza 1534 1537 First founding of Buenos Aires Fort Corpus Christi founded by Juan de Ayolas Retires and dies mad en route home Governor Juan de Ayolas 1537 1539 Resided in Paraguay where Asuncion was founded by Juan de Salazar de Espinoza Killed by natives Lt Governor Francisco Ruiz Galan 1537 1541 Resided at Buenos Aires prior to its abandonment Governor Domingo Martinez de Irala 1539 1541 Elected by the colonists disputed the authority of Galan Adelantado Governor Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca 1541 1544 Victorious campaign against Guarani in 1542 Arrested and returned to Spain for trial Governors of the Rio de la Plata editGovernor Domingo Martinez de Irala 1544 1556 Encouraged his men to marry and keep concubines from local women Two adelantados are unable to arrive from Spain and de Irala confirmed in his post by the king 1552 Died peacefully Governor Gonzalo de Mendoza 1556 1558 Ciudad Real de Guayra founded by Ruy Diaz de Malgarejo in 1557 Died peacefully Governor Francisco Ortiz de Vergara 1558 1569 Elected by the colonists Foundations fail at San Francisco Sancti Spiritus and Santa Cruz de la Sierra Arrested and returned to Spain for trial Lt Governor Felipe de Caceres 1569 1572 Appointed by Royal Audience Arrested and returned to Spain for trial Lt Governor Martin Suarez de Toledo 1572 1574 Acting Adelantado Governor Juan Ortiz de Zarate 1574 1576 Sailed to Spain to confirm his election Foundation of Tucuman Lt Governor Diego Ortiz de Zarate 1576 1578 Juan Ortiz left the administration to his daughter Juana but others de facto governed Lt Governor Juan de Garay 1578 1583 Buenos Aires refounded 1580 Lt Governor Alonso de Vera y Aragon 1583 1587 And de facto governor at Asuncion until 1592 Adelantado Governor Juan Torres de Vera y Aragon 1587 1592 Judge of the Royal Audience married to Juana Ortiz de Zarate Last appointed adelantado Governors of the Rio de la Plata and Paraguay editGovernor Hernando Arias de Saavedra Hernandarias 1592 1594 Governor Fernando de Zarate 1594 1595 Governor Juan Ramirez de Velasco 1596 1597 Governor Hernando Arias de Saavedra 1597 1599 Second time Governor Diego Rodriguez de Valdes y de la Banda 1599 1600 Governor Frances de Beaumont 1600 1602 Appointment formalized 1601 Governor Hernando Arias de Saavedra 1602 1609 Third time First Jesuit Reduction established Slave trade restricted Governor Diego Martin de Negron 1609 1613 Governor Mateo Leal de Ayala 1613 1615 Governor Hernando Arias de Saavedra 1615 1617 Fourth time Guayra Paraguay separated into a separate governorate in 1617 Governors of Rio de la Plata edit nbsp The audiencias of the Viceroyalty of Peru c 1650 The Audience of Charcas is section 5 1 Governor Hernando Arias de Saavedra 1617 1618 Governor Diego de Gongora 1618 1623 Found guilty post mortem of corruption allowing trade in slaves and contraband to flourish Governor Alonso Perez de Salazar 1623 1624 Governor Francisco de Cespedes 1624 1631 Continued efforts to pacify the Charrua Governor Pedro Esteban Davila 1631 1637 Concepcion del Bermejo destroyed by natives Governor Mendo de la Cueva y Benavidez 1637 1640 Defense of Buenos Aires improved Expedition against the Calchaquis Fort Santa Teresa erected Governor Ventura Mojica or Mujica 1640 1641 Governor Andres de Sandoval 1641 Governor Jeronimo Luis de Cabrera y Garay 1641 1645 Expulsion of Portuguese attempted in governorate Governor Jacinto Lariz 1645 1653 Arrested Governor Pedro Baigorri Ruiz 1653 1660 Three French ships successfully repelled from Buenos Aires Calchaquis repelled from Santa Fe Governor Alonso Mercado y Villacorta 1660 1663 Request to be able to send two trade ships annually denied Dutch ships permitted to dock in Buenos Aires Governor Juan Martinez de Salazar 1663 1674 Continued requests for free commerce The Royal Audience of Buenos Aires briefly independent of the court at Charcas Governor Andres de Robles 1674 1678 Governor Jose de Garro 1678 1682 Portuguese expelled from Colonia de Sacramento in 1680 Governor Jose Antonio de Herrera y Sotomayor 1682 1691 Tucuman relocated Governor Agustin de Robles 1691 1698 Governor Manuel de Prado y Maldonado 1698 1704 Visit from Danish squadron in Buenos Aires Governor Alonso Juan de Valdes e Inclan 1704 1708 Colonia de Sacramento retaken Governor Manuel de Velasco y Tejada 1708 1712 Purchased office for 3000 pesos Arrested Governor Juan Jose de Muliloa 1712 Governor Alonso de Arce y Soria 1712 1714 Buys the position for 18 000 pesos Dies five months later Governor Jose Bermudez de Castro 1714 1715 Governor Baltasar Garcia Ros 1715 1717 Colonia del Sacramento returned to the Portuguese Campaigns against the Charrua Yaro and Bohanes Governor Bruno Mauricio de Zabala 1717 1734 Repelled Portuguese attack against Montevideo Governor Miguel de Salcedo y Sierraalta 1734 1742 Expulsion of foreigners from Buenos Aires ordered Failed attempt to retake Colonia del Sacramento Governor Domingo Ortiz de Rozas 1742 1745 Refortified Montevideo Governor Jose de Andonaegui 1745 1756 First mail delivery opened with Chile and Potosi Governor Pedro Antonio de Cevallos or Ceballos 1756 1766 Colonia del Sacramento retaken Governor Francisco de Paula Bucarelli y Ursua 1766 1770 English expelled from the Falkland Islands Mail inaugurated between A Coruna and the Rio de la Plata Governor Juan Jose de Vertiz y Salcedo 1770 1776 After which the governorate is replaced by the Viceroyalty and Intendancy of Buenos Aires in the Bourbon reforms See also editHistory of Argentina History of Paraguay History of UruguayReferences edit For two somewhat different interpretations of the boundaries in unsettled areas see Burkholder Mark A and Lyman L Johnson Colonial Latin America 10 editions New York Oxford University Press 1990 Map 2 73 ISBN 0 19 506110 1 and Lombardi Cathryn L John V Lombardi and K Lynn Stoner Latin American History A Teaching Atlas Madison The University of Wisconsin Press 1983 29 ISBN 0 299 09714 5 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Governorate of the Rio de la Plata amp oldid 1186197337, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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