Gottlieb Sigismund Constantin Kirchhoff (19 February 1764 – 14 February 1833) was a Russian chemist of German origin. In 1792–1802, Assistant Director and then Director of the Head Pharmacy at Saint Petersburg. Corresponding member (1807–1812) and since 1812 Full member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences (Russia). In 1811, he became the first person to convert starch into a sugar (corn syrup), by heating it with sulfuric acid in acid-catalyzed reaction.[1] This sugar was eventually named glucose.[2] He also developed a method of refining vegetable oil, and established a factory that prepared two tons of refined oil a day.[2]
Since the sulfuric acid was not consumed, it was the first documented example of catalysis in organic chemistry. (A term that Jöns Jacob Berzelius would later coin.)
Scherer (1811) "Kirchhof's entdeckte Zubereitung des Zuckers und Syrups aus Buchweizen" (Kirchhoff's discovery of a preparation of sugar and syrup from buckwheat), Bulletin des Neuesten und Wissenwürdigsten aus der Naturwissenschaft … (Bulletin of the most recent and most useful to know [news] from science … ), 9 : 262–263.
Kirchhoff (1811) Mémoires de l'Académie impériale des sciences de St. Pétersbourg, 4 : 27. From page 27: "Mr. l'Adjoint Kirchhoff présenta à la Conférence trois flacons, contenans: 1°) du Sirop produit par l'art dans quelques végétaux (la pomme de terre, le froment et le blé noir ou Sarazin), … " (Assistant [professor] Kirchhoff presented to the conference three bottles, containing: (1) syrup produced artificially from some vegetables (potato, wheat and buckwheat or Sarazin), … )
(Editor) (1812) "Die Verfertigung des Zuckers aus Buchweizen- und andere Mehlarten" (The manufacture of sugar from buckwheat and other flours), Bulletin des Neuesten und Wissenwürdigsten aus der Naturwissenschaft … , 10 : 88–89.
Кирхгоф, К. С. [Kirchhoff, C. S.] (1812) "О приготовлении сахара из крахмала" [O prigotovlenii sakhara iz krakhmala, "On the preparation of sugar from starch"], Технологический журнал [Tekhnologichesky zhurnal, Technology magazine], 9 (1) : 3–26.
gottlieb, kirchhoff, gottlieb, sigismund, constantin, kirchhoff, february, 1764, february, 1833, russian, chemist, german, origin, 1792, 1802, assistant, director, then, director, head, pharmacy, saint, petersburg, corresponding, member, 1807, 1812, since, 181. Gottlieb Sigismund Constantin Kirchhoff 19 February 1764 14 February 1833 was a Russian chemist of German origin In 1792 1802 Assistant Director and then Director of the Head Pharmacy at Saint Petersburg Corresponding member 1807 1812 and since 1812 Full member of the Petersburg Academy of Sciences Russia In 1811 he became the first person to convert starch into a sugar corn syrup by heating it with sulfuric acid in acid catalyzed reaction 1 This sugar was eventually named glucose 2 He also developed a method of refining vegetable oil and established a factory that prepared two tons of refined oil a day 2 Gottlieb Sigismund KirchhoffBorn 1764 02 19 19 February 1764Teterow Mecklenburg SchwerinDied14 February 1833 1833 02 14 aged 68 Saint Petersburg Russian EmpireKnown forHydrolysis of starch into a sugar Refining vegetable oil Scientific careerFieldsChemistrySince the sulfuric acid was not consumed it was the first documented example of catalysis in organic chemistry A term that Jons Jacob Berzelius would later coin References Edit See Scherer 1811 Kirchhof s entdeckte Zubereitung des Zuckers und Syrups aus Buchweizen Kirchhoff s discovery of a preparation of sugar and syrup from buckwheat Bulletin des Neuesten und Wissenwurdigsten aus der Naturwissenschaft Bulletin of the most recent and most useful to know news from science 9 262 263 Kirchhoff 1811 Memoires de l Academie imperiale des sciences de St Petersbourg 4 27 From page 27 Mr l AdjointKirchhoffpresenta a la Conference trois flacons contenans 1 du Sirop produit par l art dans quelques vegetaux la pomme de terre le froment et le ble noir ou Sarazin Assistant professor Kirchhoff presented to the conference three bottles containing 1 syrup produced artificially from some vegetables potato wheat and buckwheat or Sarazin Editor 1812 Die Verfertigung des Zuckers aus Buchweizen und andere Mehlarten The manufacture of sugar from buckwheat and other flours Bulletin des Neuesten und Wissenwurdigsten aus der Naturwissenschaft 10 88 89 Kirhgof K S Kirchhoff C S 1812 O prigotovlenii sahara iz krahmala O prigotovlenii sakhara iz krakhmala On the preparation of sugar from starch Tehnologicheskij zhurnal Tekhnologichesky zhurnal Technology magazine 9 1 3 26 a b Asimov Asimov s Biographical Encyclopedia of Science and Technology 2nd Revised edition This article about a Russian chemist is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gottlieb Kirchhoff amp oldid 1113780520, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
