The "Green Folder" (German: Grüne Mappe) was a document belonging to ReichsmarschallHermann Göring which was presented in the Nuremberg Trials. This was the master policy directive for the economic exploitation of the conquered Soviet Union. The implications of this document were the deaths by starvation of millions of Slavic people, something that partially came to pass in the Holocaust, the neglect of Soviet soldiers captured by the Nazis which led to huge mortality rates, and the general expropriation of food in the occupied areas of the Soviet Union. It is also referred to as Document of the Soviet Prosecution, Exhibit USSR 10.
Plan "Oldenburg" (Göring's "Green Folder") was the code-name of the economic subsection of the planned attack on the Soviet Union.
Following Hitler's issuance of Führer Directive 21, which ordered the invasion of the Soviet Union, Hitler instructed Göring to develop a plan for the future exploitation of conquered territory in the East. Under Göring's leadership, a plan known as Oldenburg was created to include the seizing for the service of the Reich all stocks of raw materials and large industrial enterprises in the territory between the Vistula and the Urals. According to this plan the most valuable manufacturing equipment was to be sent to the Reich and that which was not sent to Germany would be destroyed. The European part of the Soviet Union would be economically decentralized and be turned into an agricultural appendage of Germany.
The original plan was approved at a secret meeting on March 1, 1941 (protocol 1317-PS). Over the next two months the plan was fleshed out in detail and finally adopted on April 29, 1941 (protocol secret meeting 1157-PS). A headquarters was formed to coordinate the "Oldenburg" plan.
According to the plan, the territory to be occupied in the Soviet Union would be divided into five economic Inspectorates, three of them attached to Army Group North (Leningrad), Army Group Centre (Moscow), and Army Group South (Kyiv), one for the Caucasus (Baku), and one held in reserve, with 23 economic commandants, as well as 12 offices.
On May 8, 1941, the "Common instructions to all Reich commissioners in the occupied eastern territories" was adopted, based on this plan (documents 1029-PS, 1030-PS).
A separate committee was formed to organize the collection of food in the occupied territories, as per Herbert Backe's Hunger Plan. It was tasked with ensuring that by 1942, the German armed forces would be fully nourished by the resources of the Soviet Union, without taking into account the needs of the Soviet population.
In accordance with the order of the Supreme Command Chief of Staff of the Wehrmacht Wilhelm Keitel (dated June 16, 1941), the main economic challenge for the territories seized from the Soviet Union, was described as "an immediate and full exploitation of the occupied areas in favor of the war economy of Germany, particularly in the areas of food and oil".
Göring, directly supervising the "Oldenburg" headquarters, wrote:
In the East, I intend to loot and pillage effectively. All that may be suitable for the Germans in the East, should be extracted and brought to Germany immediately.
Shortly after the beginning of the German campaign against the Soviet Union, on July 15, 1941, he wrote in his "Green Folder":
Use of the occupied territories should be made primarily in the food and oil sectors of economy. Get to Germany as much food and oil as possible - that is the main economic goal of the campaign.
Initially, the German military leadership believed that during the war, it would not be necessary to rebuild the Soviet Union's industry or to use its natural wealth, and that a policy of seizing only finished products and raw materials in warehouses would be sufficient.
Subsequently, they made an accounting of industry and mines to ensure their safety and to establish civil administration of captured territories. When the expected rapid end of the war did not materialize and Germany had suffered great losses in manpower, equipment and weapons, the existing stocks began to be depleted quickly. The German leadership urgently started to develop a plan for the economic use of the occupied territories, during the war itself. Thus German leadership had to abandon the implementation of the plan Oldenburg, recognizing its unsuitability.
After the war ended, the activities of Staff Oldenburg were the subject of consideration and condemnation at the Nuremberg Tribunal.
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This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations March 2011 Learn how and when to remove this template message This article relies excessively on references to primary sources Please improve this article by adding secondary or tertiary sources Find sources Goring s Green Folder news newspapers books scholar JSTOR February 2019 Learn how and when to remove this template message Learn how and when to remove this template message The Green Folder German Grune Mappe was a document belonging to Reichsmarschall Hermann Goring which was presented in the Nuremberg Trials This was the master policy directive for the economic exploitation of the conquered Soviet Union The implications of this document were the deaths by starvation of millions of Slavic people something that partially came to pass in the Holocaust the neglect of Soviet soldiers captured by the Nazis which led to huge mortality rates and the general expropriation of food in the occupied areas of the Soviet Union It is also referred to as Document of the Soviet Prosecution Exhibit USSR 10 Goring first row far left at the Nuremberg Trials Contents 1 Plan Oldenburg 2 Hunger Plan 3 See also 4 ReferencesPlan Oldenburg EditPlan Oldenburg Goring s Green Folder was the code name of the economic subsection of the planned attack on the Soviet Union Following Hitler s issuance of Fuhrer Directive 21 which ordered the invasion of the Soviet Union Hitler instructed Goring to develop a plan for the future exploitation of conquered territory in the East Under Goring s leadership a plan known as Oldenburg was created to include the seizing for the service of the Reich all stocks of raw materials and large industrial enterprises in the territory between the Vistula and the Urals According to this plan the most valuable manufacturing equipment was to be sent to the Reich and that which was not sent to Germany would be destroyed The European part of the Soviet Union would be economically decentralized and be turned into an agricultural appendage of Germany The original plan was approved at a secret meeting on March 1 1941 protocol 1317 PS Over the next two months the plan was fleshed out in detail and finally adopted on April 29 1941 protocol secret meeting 1157 PS A headquarters was formed to coordinate the Oldenburg plan According to the plan the territory to be occupied in the Soviet Union would be divided into five economic Inspectorates three of them attached to Army Group North Leningrad Army Group Centre Moscow and Army Group South Kyiv one for the Caucasus Baku and one held in reserve with 23 economic commandants as well as 12 offices On May 8 1941 the Common instructions to all Reich commissioners in the occupied eastern territories was adopted based on this plan documents 1029 PS 1030 PS Hunger Plan Edit Herbert BackeMain article Hunger Plan A separate committee was formed to organize the collection of food in the occupied territories as per Herbert Backe s Hunger Plan It was tasked with ensuring that by 1942 the German armed forces would be fully nourished by the resources of the Soviet Union without taking into account the needs of the Soviet population In accordance with the order of the Supreme Command Chief of Staff of the Wehrmacht Wilhelm Keitel dated June 16 1941 the main economic challenge for the territories seized from the Soviet Union was described as an immediate and full exploitation of the occupied areas in favor of the war economy of Germany particularly in the areas of food and oil Goring directly supervising the Oldenburg headquarters wrote In the East I intend to loot and pillage effectively All that may be suitable for the Germans in the East should be extracted and brought to Germany immediately Shortly after the beginning of the German campaign against the Soviet Union on July 15 1941 he wrote in his Green Folder Use of the occupied territories should be made primarily in the food and oil sectors of economy Get to Germany as much food and oil as possible that is the main economic goal of the campaign Initially the German military leadership believed that during the war it would not be necessary to rebuild the Soviet Union s industry or to use its natural wealth and that a policy of seizing only finished products and raw materials in warehouses would be sufficient Subsequently they made an accounting of industry and mines to ensure their safety and to establish civil administration of captured territories When the expected rapid end of the war did not materialize and Germany had suffered great losses in manpower equipment and weapons the existing stocks began to be depleted quickly The German leadership urgently started to develop a plan for the economic use of the occupied territories during the war itself Thus German leadership had to abandon the implementation of the plan Oldenburg recognizing its unsuitability After the war ended the activities of Staff Oldenburg were the subject of consideration and condemnation at the Nuremberg Tribunal See also EditA A line Generalplan Ost Operation Barbarossa Reichskommissariat particularly the areas within and adjacent to Lebensraum territory World War IIReferences EditSources Nuremberg Trial document Archived 2019 02 19 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Goring 27s Green Folder amp oldid 1158689163, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
