Glucose clamp technique is a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance. It is used to measure either how well an individual metabolizesglucose or how sensitive an individual is to insulin.[1]
Two types of clamp are quite commonly used. The hyperglycemic clamp, which requires maintaining a high blood sugar level by perfusion or infusion with glucose, is a way to quantify how fast beta-cells respond to glucose. The hyperinsulinemic clamp, which requires maintaining a high insulin level by perfusion or infusion with insulin, is a way to quantify how sensitive the tissue is to insulin. The hyperinsulinemic clamp is also called euglycemic clamp, meaning a normal blood sugar level is maintained.[citation needed]
Hyperglycemic clamp technique: The plasma glucose concentration is acutely raised to 125 mg/dl above basal levels by a continuous infusion of glucose. This hyperglycemic plateau is maintained by adjustment of a variable glucose infusion, based on the rate of insulin secretion and glucose metabolism. Because the plasma glucose concentration is held constant, the glucose infusion rate is an index of insulin secretion and glucose metabolism. The hyperglycemic clamps are often used to assess insulin secretion capacity.
Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp technique: The plasma insulin concentration is acutely raised and maintained at 100 μU/ml by a continuous infusion of insulin. Meanwhile, the plasma glucose concentration is held constant at basal levels by a variable glucose infusion. When the steady-state is achieved, the glucose infusion rate equals glucose uptake by all the tissues in the body and is therefore a measure of tissue insulin sensitivity. The hyperinsulinemic clamps are often used to measure insulin resistance.
Historyedit
The glucose clamp technique was developed by University of Texas (UT) School of Medicine Professors DeFronzo, Andres and Tobin in 1979.[2] It has since been the gold standard for pharmacodynamic studies in diabetes drug development and diagnostics evaluation.[3] In human clinical trials, manual glucose clamps as well as the more modern method of automated glucose clamp find common use.[4]
^Linda von Wartburg, “What's a Glucose Clamp, Anyway?” Diabetes Health. Nov 7, 2007.[1]
^DeFronzo RA, Tobin JD, Andres R. “Glucose Clamp Technique: a Method for Quantifying Insulin Secretion and Resistance.” Am. J. Physiol. 1979, 237, E214–E223.[2]
^Marcus Hompesch and Klaus Rave. “An Analysis of How to Measure Glucose during Glucose Clamps: Are Glucose Meters Ready for Research?” J. Diabetes Sci. Technol. 2008, 2, 896–898.[3]
^GmbH, Profil Institut für Stoffwechselforschung. "ClampArt and other glucose clamps at Profil". www.profil.com. Retrieved 2015-09-24.
April 15, 2024
glucose, clamp, technique, method, quantifying, insulin, secretion, resistance, used, measure, either, well, individual, metabolizes, glucose, sensitive, individual, insulin, meshd015309, edit, wikidata, procedure, edittwo, types, clamp, quite, commonly, used,. Glucose clamp technique is a method for quantifying insulin secretion and resistance It is used to measure either how well an individual metabolizes glucose or how sensitive an individual is to insulin 1 Glucose clamp techniqueMeSHD015309 edit on Wikidata Procedure editTwo types of clamp are quite commonly used The hyperglycemic clamp which requires maintaining a high blood sugar level by perfusion or infusion with glucose is a way to quantify how fast beta cells respond to glucose The hyperinsulinemic clamp which requires maintaining a high insulin level by perfusion or infusion with insulin is a way to quantify how sensitive the tissue is to insulin The hyperinsulinemic clamp is also called euglycemic clamp meaning a normal blood sugar level is maintained citation needed Hyperglycemic clamp technique The plasma glucose concentration is acutely raised to 125 mg dl above basal levels by a continuous infusion of glucose This hyperglycemic plateau is maintained by adjustment of a variable glucose infusion based on the rate of insulin secretion and glucose metabolism Because the plasma glucose concentration is held constant the glucose infusion rate is an index of insulin secretion and glucose metabolism The hyperglycemic clamps are often used to assess insulin secretion capacity Hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique The plasma insulin concentration is acutely raised and maintained at 100 mU ml by a continuous infusion of insulin Meanwhile the plasma glucose concentration is held constant at basal levels by a variable glucose infusion When the steady state is achieved the glucose infusion rate equals glucose uptake by all the tissues in the body and is therefore a measure of tissue insulin sensitivity The hyperinsulinemic clamps are often used to measure insulin resistance History editThe glucose clamp technique was developed by University of Texas UT School of Medicine Professors DeFronzo Andres and Tobin in 1979 2 It has since been the gold standard for pharmacodynamic studies in diabetes drug development and diagnostics evaluation 3 In human clinical trials manual glucose clamps as well as the more modern method of automated glucose clamp find common use 4 See also editInsulin resistance Metabolic Score for Insulin Resistance METS IR Homeostatic model assessment SPINA GBeta SPINA GR Disposition index Diabetes mellitus Diabetes managementReferences edit Linda von Wartburg What s a Glucose Clamp Anyway Diabetes Health Nov 7 2007 1 DeFronzo RA Tobin JD Andres R Glucose Clamp Technique a Method for Quantifying Insulin Secretion and Resistance Am J Physiol 1979 237 E214 E223 2 Marcus Hompesch and Klaus Rave An Analysis of How to Measure Glucose during Glucose Clamps Are Glucose Meters Ready for Research J Diabetes Sci Technol 2008 2 896 898 3 GmbH Profil Institut fur Stoffwechselforschung ClampArt and other glucose clamps at Profil www profil com Retrieved 2015 09 24 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Glucose clamp technique amp oldid 1213233448, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
