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George Blake (novelist)

March 19, 2023

George Blake (1893–1961) was a Scottish journalist, literary editor and novelist. His The Shipbuilders (1935) is considered a significant and influential effort to write about the Scottish industrial working class.[1][2] "At a time when the idea of myth was current in the Scottish literary world and other writers were forging theirs out of the facts and spirit of rural life, Blake took the iron and grease and the pride of the skilled worker to create one for industrial Scotland."[3] As a literary critic, he wrote a noted work against the Kailyard school of Scottish fiction; and is taken to have formulated a broad-based thesis as cultural critic of the "kailyard" representing the "same ongoing movement in Scottish culture" that leads to "a cheapening, evasive, stereotyped view of Scottish life."[4] He was well known as a BBC radio broadcaster by the 1930s.

Early life

He was born in Greenock, the son of Matthew Blake, machinery manufacturer, and his wife Ursula Scott McCulloch. He was educated at Greenock Academy and Glasgow University.[1] He then trained as a solicitor.[5] During World War I he served in the British Army and was wounded during the Gallipoli Campaign.[1]

After the war Blake worked at the Glasgow Evening News, where Neil Munro was editor from 1918.[1][6] At this period he had contact with Red Clydeside through his dramatic works, sitting on the council of the Scottish National Players.[7] As a playwright, he came under the influence of Andrew P. Wilson.[8][9]

London journalist

Blake moved to London where he stayed from 1924 to 1932.[1] There he was an editor of John O'London's Weekly, replacing Sidney Dark as subeditor and writing a number of columns, to 1928; and then edited the Strand Magazine.[10][11]

The Porpoise Press and Faber & Faber

The Porpoise Press, in existence from 1922 to 1939, was founded in Edinburgh by Roderick Watson Kerr and George Malcolm Thomson.[12] Blake had contact with Thomson from 1923, when the Press published his one-act play The Mother.[13] Thomson's 1927 book Caledonia broached the "condition of Scotland" question that preoccupied Blake and other Scottish intellectuals into the 1930s.[14]

Late in 1929, Blake was introduced to Geoffrey Faber, by Frank Vigor Morley.[15] He became in 1930 a director of Faber & Faber, playing a role in the Porpoise Press: Faber & Faber effectively took it over, through interest in Scottish national literature.[1][16] Morning Tide (1931), a novel by Neil Gunn, was an immediate commercial success for the Press.[17]

At this point Thomson and Blake were aligned in nationalist politics. Thomson's 1931 pamphlet The Kingdom of Scotland Restored, advocating a form of Scottish home rule, had Blake's approval, and the Introduction was signed by Blake, Andrew Dewar Gibb, Moray McLaren and William Power.[18] By that year, Blake had joined the National Party of Scotland (NPS).[19] Gunn became involved in the efforts, which succeeded, to merge the NPS, of the left, with the conservative Scottish Party; on Thomson's account, Blake encouraged Gunn to do so.[20]

Returning to Scotland in 1932, Blake worked for the Porpoise Press, which in 1934 published William Power's My Scotland.[1][21][22] Both Gibb and Power later became leaders of the merged Scottish National Party.

Blake and Thomson then fell out, with Thomson resigning from the Press in 1933. It published his Scotland That Distressed Area in 1935. Blake's The Shipbuilders was published the same year, by Faber & Faber. They differed in method: Thomson offered partisan polemics, Blake a journalist's realism expressed as a novel.[23]

Later life

Blake lived at The Glenan, Helensburgh and elsewhere. He was a radio broadcaster and literary journalist; and was visited by T. S. Eliot.[1][24] He had a regular position on This Week in Scotland, BBC Scottish Region Radio. This was despite some reservations on the part of Andrew Stewart, Scottish Programme Director, who thought Blake's nationalist views were too overt, and would have preferred Eric Linklater.[25]

Blake died in Glasgow's Southern General Hospital on 29 August 1961, survived by his wife Eliza Malcolm Lawson (Ellie), whom he had married in 1923.[1]

Works

Fiction

Blake's novels have been described as "resolutely realistic, serious, socialistic, and nationalistic".[26] Their social realism included addressing industrialisation and urban poverty, topics neglected in Scottish literature until the 1920s and 1930s.[27][28] He wrote a number of "Glasgow novels", as well as other fiction.[29] Hugh Macdiarmid discussed in 1926 a "new Glasgow school" of novelists, listing figures of whom only Catherine Carswell attained the same sort of stature as Blake.[30]

  • Mince Collop Close (1923)[31]
  • The Wild Men (1925))[31]
  • Young Malcolm (1926))[31]
  • Paper Money (1928), US title Gettin' in Society[31]
  • The Path of Glory (1929),[31] about the Gallipoli campaign, in the "soldier's tale" genre.[32]
  • Returned Empty (1931)[31]
  • The Shipbuilders (1935),[1] subsequently a film The Shipbuilders from 1943.[33] The film has been described as a more authentic representation of working-class Glasgow.[34] James Kelman took the novel's third-person narrative as exemplary of narrative laden with a value system.[35]
  • David and Joanna (1936)[31]
  • Down to the Sea (1937), autobiographical[36]
  • "Garvel" novel series; these five popular works about the Oliphant family had a television adaptation.[36][11] After Late Harvest (1938)[31] came The Valiant Heart (1940), The Constant Star (1945), The Westering Sun (1946), The Paying Guest (1949), and The Voyage Home (1952).[37]
  • The Five Arches (1948)
  • The Piper's Tune (1950), Clydeside[38]
  • The Peacock Palace (1958)[31]

Films

  • World of Steel (1938), documentary, short.
  • The River Clyde: A Survey of Scotland's Greatest River (1939), documentary, short.
  • Floodtide (1949) was a feature film with a screenplay involving Blake.[39]

Drama

Non-fiction and essays

In later life, Blake wrote factually about Clydeside, shipbuilders and shipping lines.[42][31] "Blake's thesis essentially is that the history of the Clyde is a glorious tale of great ships, born out of traditions of craftsmanship and mechanical genius unrivalled anywhere in the world."[43]

  • Vagabond Papers (1922)[31]
  • The Press and the Public (1930)[44]
  • The Heart of Scotland (1934) and later editions. In the 1951 edition Blake drew attention to industrial Central Belt locations as an antidote to received views of Scottish life.[45] He encouraged a realism in relation to Scottish life, but stopping short of the reportage of sectarianism and slums.[46]
  • Rest and Be Thankful (1934)[31]
  • R.M.S. Queen Mary (1936)[37]
  • British Ships and Shipbuilders (1946)[37]
  • Scottish Enterprise and Shipbuilding (1947)[37]
  • Mountain and Flood: The history of the 52nd Lowland Division 1939–1946 (1950)[31]
  • Barrie and the Kailyard School (1951);[1] as a critic, Blake was dismissive of J. M. Barrie in "literal and naturalistic terms".[26]
  • The Firth of Clyde (1952)[11]
  • Annals of Scotland 1895–1955: An essay on the twentieth-century Scottish novel (1956)[31]
  • The Ben Line (1956)[37]
  • Clyde Lighthouses (1956)[37]
  • B.I. Centenary, 1856–1956: The Story of the British India Steam Navigation Co. (1957): Blake was official historian of the British India Line.[47]
  • Lloyd's Register of Shipping 1760–1960 (1960)[37]
  • Gellarly's 1862–1962 (1962)[37]
  • The Gourock (1963), on The Gourock Ropeworks Co.[48]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Burgess, Moira. "Blake, George". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/40288. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ^ Michael Lynch, ed. (2011). The Oxford Companion to Scottish History. OUP Oxford. p. 159. ISBN 9780199693054.
  3. ^ Elliot, Robert David (1977) The Glasgow novel. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow. 2019-03-22 at the Wayback Machine at p. 143
  4. ^ Andrew Nash, (2004) William Robertson Nicoll, the Kailyard novel and the question of popular culture. Scottish Studies Review, 5 (1). pp. 57–73. ISSN 1745-3186 at note 2.
  5. ^ McKechnie, George (2013). The Best-hated Man: George Malcolm Thomson, Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars. Argyll Publishing. p. 256. ISBN 9781908931320.
  6. ^ Renton, Ronald W. "Munro, Neil". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/40351. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  7. ^ Leach, Robert (2018). An Illustrated History of British Theatre and Performance: Volume Two - From the Industrial Revolution to the Digital Age. Routledge. ISBN 9780429873331.
  8. ^ Burch, Steven Dedalus (2008). Andrew P. Wilson and the Early Irish and Scottish National Theatres, 1911-1950. Edwin Mellen Press. p. 94. ISBN 9780773450844.
  9. ^ "Scottish Theatre Archive". special.lib.gla.ac.uk.
  10. ^ Collier, Patrick (2016). Modern Print Artefacts: Textual Materiality and Literary Value in British Print Culture, 1890-1930s. Edinburgh University Press. p. 127. ISBN 9781474413480.
  11. ^ a b c Terry, Stephen (2011). Glasgow Almanac: An A-Z of the City and its People. Neil Wilson Publishing. ISBN 9781906476250.
  12. ^ Finkelstein, David (2007). Edinburgh History of the Book in Scotland, Volume 4: Professionalism and Diversity 1880-2000. Edinburgh University Press. p. 140. ISBN 9780748628841.
  13. ^ McKechnie, George (2013). The Best-hated Man: George Malcolm Thomson, Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars. Argyll Publishing. p. 41. ISBN 9781908931320.
  14. ^ McKechnie, George (2013). The Best-hated Man: George Malcolm Thomson, Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars. Argyll Publishing. p. 11. ISBN 9781908931320.
  15. ^ Faber, Toby (2019). Faber & Faber: The Untold Story of a Great Publishing House. Faber & Faber. ISBN 9780571339068.
  16. ^ Eliot, Thomas Stearns (2011). The Letters of T.S. Eliot. Yale University Press. p. 206 notes. ISBN 9780300211795.
  17. ^ Pick, J. B. (2018). Neil Gunn. Oxford University Press. p. 16. ISBN 9781786946621.
  18. ^ McKechnie, George (2013). The Best-hated Man: George Malcolm Thomson, Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars. Argyll Publishing. p. 151. ISBN 9781908931320.
  19. ^ Mitchell, James (2016). Scottish National Party (SNP) Leaders. Biteback Publishing. ISBN 9781785901232.
  20. ^ McKechnie, George (2013). The Best-hated Man: George Malcolm Thomson, Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars. Argyll Publishing. p. 42. ISBN 9781908931320.
  21. ^ Watson, Roderick (2016). The Literature of Scotland. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 407. ISBN 9781349861118.
  22. ^ McKechnie, George (2013). The Best-hated Man: George Malcolm Thomson, Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars. Argyll Publishing. p. 158. ISBN 9781908931320.
  23. ^ McKechnie, George (2013). The Best-hated Man: George Malcolm Thomson, Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars. Argyll Publishing. pp. 42 and 51. ISBN 9781908931320.
  24. ^ Eliot, T. S. (2017). The Letters of T. S. Eliot Volume 7: 1934–1935. Faber & Faber. p. 798 note 3. ISBN 9780571316373.
  25. ^ McKechnie, George (2013). The Best-hated Man: George Malcolm Thomson, Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars. Argyll Publishing. pp. 192–3. ISBN 9781908931320.
  26. ^ a b Jack, R. D. S. "Barrie, Sir James Matthew, baronet". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30617. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  27. ^ Carruthers, Gerard; Goldie, David; Renfrew, Alastair (2012). Scotland and the 19th-Century World. Rodopi. p. 28. ISBN 9789401208376.
  28. ^ The Encyclopedia of Twentieth-Century Fiction, 3 Volume Set. John Wiley & Sons. 2011. p. 340. ISBN 9781405192446.
  29. ^ (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-03-22. Retrieved 2019-06-18.
  30. ^ Carruthers, Gerard; McIlvanney, Liam (2012). The Cambridge Companion to Scottish Literature. Cambridge University Press. p. 223. ISBN 9780521189361. Others mentioned included Dot Allan, John Carruthers, John Cockburn, John Macnair Reid and George Woden.
  31. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Watson, George; Willison, Ian R. (1972). The New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature. CUP Archive. p. cclxxxvi.
  32. ^ Macleod, Jenny (2004). Reconsidering Gallipoli. Manchester University Press. p. 172 note 82. ISBN 9780719067433.
  33. ^ Pattinson, Juliette; McIvor, Arthur; Robb, Linsey (2017). Men in reserve: British civilian masculinites in the Second World War. Oxford University Press. p. 137. ISBN 9781526106131.
  34. ^ Duke, A. C. (2012). Britain and the Netherlands: Volume VI War and Society Paper Delivered to the Sixth Anglo-Dutch Historical Conference. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 226. ISBN 9789400996748.
  35. ^ Kövesi, Simon (2007). James Kelman. Manchester University Press. p. 11. ISBN 9780719070976.
  36. ^ a b c Crawford, Robert (2009). Scotland's Books: A History of Scottish Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199888979.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h Royle, Trevor (1984). Macmillan Companion to Scottish Literature. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 32. ISBN 9781349075874.
  38. ^ Blamires, Harry (1986). Twentieth-Century English Literature. Macmillan International Higher Education. p. 135. ISBN 9781349185115.
  39. ^ Haider, Sandra-Elisabeth (2002). Scotland in feature film: The country s screen-image then and now, with focus on the City of Glasgow and the development of a Scottish film industry. diplom.de. p. 41. ISBN 9783832461201.
  40. ^ Ewan, Elizabeth L.; Innes, Sue; Reynolds, Sian; Pipes, Rose (2007). Biographical Dictionary of ScottishWomen. Edinburgh University Press. p. 258. ISBN 9780748626601.
  41. ^ "Scottish Theatre Archive - Event Details". special.lib.gla.ac.uk.
  42. ^ Brown, Ian (2009). Edinburgh Companion to Twentieth-Century Scottish Literature. Edinburgh University Press. p. 104. ISBN 9780748636952.
  43. ^ Elliot, Robert David (1977) The Glasgow novel. PhD thesis, University of Glasgow. 2019-03-22 at the Wayback Machine at p. 141
  44. ^ Collier, Patrick (2016). Modern Print Artefacts: Textual Materiality and Literary Value in British Print Culture, 1890-1930s. Edinburgh University Press. p. 127. ISBN 9781474413480.
  45. ^ Andrew Blaikie, Legacies of Perception: The Forgotten Places of Twentieth-Century Scotland, The Canadian Journal of Irish Studies Vol. 39, No. 1, Landscapes: Places of Memory, Subversive Spaces, and Boundary Crossings (2015), pp. 64–91, at p. 74. Published by: Canadian Journal of Irish Studies JSTOR 24635401
  46. ^ Blaikie, Andrew (2013). Scots Imagination and Modern Memory. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 9780748686315.
  47. ^ Headrick, Daniel R. (1988). The Tentacles of Progress: Technology Transfer in the Age of Imperialism, 1850-1940. Oxford University Press. p. 369. ISBN 9780195051162.
  48. ^ Tyson, William (1966). Rope: A History of the Hard Fibre Cordage Industry in the United Kingdom. Hard Fibre Cordage Institute. p. vii.

External links

  • Article on Blake at wiki.scotlandonair.com

March 19, 2023
george, blake, novelist, george, blake, 1893, 1961, scottish, journalist, literary, editor, novelist, shipbuilders, 1935, considered, significant, influential, effort, write, about, scottish, industrial, working, class, time, when, idea, myth, current, scottis. George Blake 1893 1961 was a Scottish journalist literary editor and novelist His The Shipbuilders 1935 is considered a significant and influential effort to write about the Scottish industrial working class 1 2 At a time when the idea of myth was current in the Scottish literary world and other writers were forging theirs out of the facts and spirit of rural life Blake took the iron and grease and the pride of the skilled worker to create one for industrial Scotland 3 As a literary critic he wrote a noted work against the Kailyard school of Scottish fiction and is taken to have formulated a broad based thesis as cultural critic of the kailyard representing the same ongoing movement in Scottish culture that leads to a cheapening evasive stereotyped view of Scottish life 4 He was well known as a BBC radio broadcaster by the 1930s Contents 1 Early life 2 London journalist 3 The Porpoise Press and Faber amp Faber 4 Later life 5 Works 5 1 Fiction 5 2 Films 5 3 Drama 5 4 Non fiction and essays 6 Notes 7 External linksEarly life EditHe was born in Greenock the son of Matthew Blake machinery manufacturer and his wife Ursula Scott McCulloch He was educated at Greenock Academy and Glasgow University 1 He then trained as a solicitor 5 During World War I he served in the British Army and was wounded during the Gallipoli Campaign 1 After the war Blake worked at the Glasgow Evening News where Neil Munro was editor from 1918 1 6 At this period he had contact with Red Clydeside through his dramatic works sitting on the council of the Scottish National Players 7 As a playwright he came under the influence of Andrew P Wilson 8 9 London journalist EditBlake moved to London where he stayed from 1924 to 1932 1 There he was an editor of John O London s Weekly replacing Sidney Dark as subeditor and writing a number of columns to 1928 and then edited the Strand Magazine 10 11 The Porpoise Press and Faber amp Faber EditThe Porpoise Press in existence from 1922 to 1939 was founded in Edinburgh by Roderick Watson Kerr and George Malcolm Thomson 12 Blake had contact with Thomson from 1923 when the Press published his one act play The Mother 13 Thomson s 1927 book Caledonia broached the condition of Scotland question that preoccupied Blake and other Scottish intellectuals into the 1930s 14 Late in 1929 Blake was introduced to Geoffrey Faber by Frank Vigor Morley 15 He became in 1930 a director of Faber amp Faber playing a role in the Porpoise Press Faber amp Faber effectively took it over through interest in Scottish national literature 1 16 Morning Tide 1931 a novel by Neil Gunn was an immediate commercial success for the Press 17 At this point Thomson and Blake were aligned in nationalist politics Thomson s 1931 pamphlet The Kingdom of Scotland Restored advocating a form of Scottish home rule had Blake s approval and the Introduction was signed by Blake Andrew Dewar Gibb Moray McLaren and William Power 18 By that year Blake had joined the National Party of Scotland NPS 19 Gunn became involved in the efforts which succeeded to merge the NPS of the left with the conservative Scottish Party on Thomson s account Blake encouraged Gunn to do so 20 Returning to Scotland in 1932 Blake worked for the Porpoise Press which in 1934 published William Power s My Scotland 1 21 22 Both Gibb and Power later became leaders of the merged Scottish National Party Blake and Thomson then fell out with Thomson resigning from the Press in 1933 It published his Scotland That Distressed Area in 1935 Blake s The Shipbuilders was published the same year by Faber amp Faber They differed in method Thomson offered partisan polemics Blake a journalist s realism expressed as a novel 23 Later life EditBlake lived at The Glenan Helensburgh and elsewhere He was a radio broadcaster and literary journalist and was visited by T S Eliot 1 24 He had a regular position on This Week in Scotland BBC Scottish Region Radio This was despite some reservations on the part of Andrew Stewart Scottish Programme Director who thought Blake s nationalist views were too overt and would have preferred Eric Linklater 25 Blake died in Glasgow s Southern General Hospital on 29 August 1961 survived by his wife Eliza Malcolm Lawson Ellie whom he had married in 1923 1 Works EditFiction Edit Blake s novels have been described as resolutely realistic serious socialistic and nationalistic 26 Their social realism included addressing industrialisation and urban poverty topics neglected in Scottish literature until the 1920s and 1930s 27 28 He wrote a number of Glasgow novels as well as other fiction 29 Hugh Macdiarmid discussed in 1926 a new Glasgow school of novelists listing figures of whom only Catherine Carswell attained the same sort of stature as Blake 30 Mince Collop Close 1923 31 The Wild Men 1925 31 Young Malcolm 1926 31 Paper Money 1928 US title Gettin in Society 31 The Path of Glory 1929 31 about the Gallipoli campaign in the soldier s tale genre 32 Returned Empty 1931 31 The Shipbuilders 1935 1 subsequently a film The Shipbuilders from 1943 33 The film has been described as a more authentic representation of working class Glasgow 34 James Kelman took the novel s third person narrative as exemplary of narrative laden with a value system 35 David and Joanna 1936 31 Down to the Sea 1937 autobiographical 36 Garvel novel series these five popular works about the Oliphant family had a television adaptation 36 11 After Late Harvest 1938 31 came The Valiant Heart 1940 The Constant Star 1945 The Westering Sun 1946 The Paying Guest 1949 and The Voyage Home 1952 37 The Five Arches 1948 The Piper s Tune 1950 Clydeside 38 The Peacock Palace 1958 31 Films Edit World of Steel 1938 documentary short The River Clyde A Survey of Scotland s Greatest River 1939 documentary short Floodtide 1949 was a feature film with a screenplay involving Blake 39 Drama Edit The Mother 1921 31 produced 13 April 1921 with Elliot Cranston Mason as Morag Gillespie 40 Fledglings performed 1922 by the Scottish National Players 41 Clyde Built 1922 31 36 The Weaker Vessel 1923 31 Non fiction and essays Edit In later life Blake wrote factually about Clydeside shipbuilders and shipping lines 42 31 Blake s thesis essentially is that the history of the Clyde is a glorious tale of great ships born out of traditions of craftsmanship and mechanical genius unrivalled anywhere in the world 43 Vagabond Papers 1922 31 The Press and the Public 1930 44 The Heart of Scotland 1934 and later editions In the 1951 edition Blake drew attention to industrial Central Belt locations as an antidote to received views of Scottish life 45 He encouraged a realism in relation to Scottish life but stopping short of the reportage of sectarianism and slums 46 Rest and Be Thankful 1934 31 R M S Queen Mary 1936 37 British Ships and Shipbuilders 1946 37 Scottish Enterprise and Shipbuilding 1947 37 Mountain and Flood The history of the 52nd Lowland Division 1939 1946 1950 31 Barrie and the Kailyard School 1951 1 as a critic Blake was dismissive of J M Barrie in literal and naturalistic terms 26 The Firth of Clyde 1952 11 Annals of Scotland 1895 1955 An essay on the twentieth century Scottish novel 1956 31 The Ben Line 1956 37 Clyde Lighthouses 1956 37 B I Centenary 1856 1956 The Story of the British India Steam Navigation Co 1957 Blake was official historian of the British India Line 47 Lloyd s Register of Shipping 1760 1960 1960 37 Gellarly s 1862 1962 1962 37 The Gourock 1963 on The Gourock Ropeworks Co 48 Notes Edit a b c d e f g h i j k Burgess Moira Blake George Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 40288 Subscription or UK public library membership required Michael Lynch ed 2011 The Oxford Companion to Scottish History OUP Oxford p 159 ISBN 9780199693054 Elliot Robert David 1977 The Glasgow novel PhD thesis University of Glasgow Archived 2019 03 22 at the Wayback Machine at p 143 Andrew Nash 2004 William Robertson Nicoll the Kailyard novel and the question of popular culture Scottish Studies Review 5 1 pp 57 73 ISSN 1745 3186 at note 2 McKechnie George 2013 The Best hated Man George Malcolm Thomson Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars Argyll Publishing p 256 ISBN 9781908931320 Renton Ronald W Munro Neil Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 40351 Subscription or UK public library membership required Leach Robert 2018 An Illustrated History of British Theatre and Performance Volume Two From the Industrial Revolution to the Digital Age Routledge ISBN 9780429873331 Burch Steven Dedalus 2008 Andrew P Wilson and the Early Irish and Scottish National Theatres 1911 1950 Edwin Mellen Press p 94 ISBN 9780773450844 Scottish Theatre Archive special lib gla ac uk Collier Patrick 2016 Modern Print Artefacts Textual Materiality and Literary Value in British Print Culture 1890 1930s Edinburgh University Press p 127 ISBN 9781474413480 a b c Terry Stephen 2011 Glasgow Almanac An A Z of the City and its People Neil Wilson Publishing ISBN 9781906476250 Finkelstein David 2007 Edinburgh History of the Book in Scotland Volume 4 Professionalism and Diversity 1880 2000 Edinburgh University Press p 140 ISBN 9780748628841 McKechnie George 2013 The Best hated Man George Malcolm Thomson Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars Argyll Publishing p 41 ISBN 9781908931320 McKechnie George 2013 The Best hated Man George Malcolm Thomson Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars Argyll Publishing p 11 ISBN 9781908931320 Faber Toby 2019 Faber amp Faber The Untold Story of a Great Publishing House Faber amp Faber ISBN 9780571339068 Eliot Thomas Stearns 2011 The Letters of T S Eliot Yale University Press p 206 notes ISBN 9780300211795 Pick J B 2018 Neil Gunn Oxford University Press p 16 ISBN 9781786946621 McKechnie George 2013 The Best hated Man George Malcolm Thomson Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars Argyll Publishing p 151 ISBN 9781908931320 Mitchell James 2016 Scottish National Party SNP Leaders Biteback Publishing ISBN 9781785901232 McKechnie George 2013 The Best hated Man George Malcolm Thomson Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars Argyll Publishing p 42 ISBN 9781908931320 Watson Roderick 2016 The Literature of Scotland Macmillan International Higher Education p 407 ISBN 9781349861118 McKechnie George 2013 The Best hated Man George Malcolm Thomson Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars Argyll Publishing p 158 ISBN 9781908931320 McKechnie George 2013 The Best hated Man George Malcolm Thomson Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars Argyll Publishing pp 42 and 51 ISBN 9781908931320 Eliot T S 2017 The Letters of T S Eliot Volume 7 1934 1935 Faber amp Faber p 798 note 3 ISBN 9780571316373 McKechnie George 2013 The Best hated Man George Malcolm Thomson Intellectuals and the Condition of Scotland Between the Wars Argyll Publishing pp 192 3 ISBN 9781908931320 a b Jack R D S Barrie Sir James Matthew baronet Oxford Dictionary of National Biography online ed Oxford University Press doi 10 1093 ref odnb 30617 Subscription or UK public library membership required Carruthers Gerard Goldie David Renfrew Alastair 2012 Scotland and the 19th Century World Rodopi p 28 ISBN 9789401208376 The Encyclopedia of Twentieth Century Fiction 3 Volume Set John Wiley amp Sons 2011 p 340 ISBN 9781405192446 Elliot Robert David 1977 The Glasgow novel PhD thesis University of Glasgow PDF Archived from the original PDF on 2019 03 22 Retrieved 2019 06 18 Carruthers Gerard McIlvanney Liam 2012 The Cambridge Companion to Scottish Literature Cambridge University Press p 223 ISBN 9780521189361 Others mentioned included Dot Allan John Carruthers John Cockburn John Macnair Reid and George Woden a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Watson George Willison Ian R 1972 The New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature CUP Archive p cclxxxvi Macleod Jenny 2004 Reconsidering Gallipoli Manchester University Press p 172 note 82 ISBN 9780719067433 Pattinson Juliette McIvor Arthur Robb Linsey 2017 Men in reserve British civilian masculinites in the Second World War Oxford University Press p 137 ISBN 9781526106131 Duke A C 2012 Britain and the Netherlands Volume VI War and Society Paper Delivered to the Sixth Anglo Dutch Historical Conference Springer Science amp Business Media p 226 ISBN 9789400996748 Kovesi Simon 2007 James Kelman Manchester University Press p 11 ISBN 9780719070976 a b c Crawford Robert 2009 Scotland s Books A History of Scottish Literature Oxford University Press ISBN 9780199888979 a b c d e f g h Royle Trevor 1984 Macmillan Companion to Scottish Literature Macmillan International Higher Education p 32 ISBN 9781349075874 Blamires Harry 1986 Twentieth Century English Literature Macmillan International Higher Education p 135 ISBN 9781349185115 Haider Sandra Elisabeth 2002 Scotland in feature film The country s screen image then and now with focus on the City of Glasgow and the development of a Scottish film industry diplom de p 41 ISBN 9783832461201 Ewan Elizabeth L Innes Sue Reynolds Sian Pipes Rose 2007 Biographical Dictionary of ScottishWomen Edinburgh University Press p 258 ISBN 9780748626601 Scottish Theatre Archive Event Details special lib gla ac uk Brown Ian 2009 Edinburgh Companion to Twentieth Century Scottish Literature Edinburgh University Press p 104 ISBN 9780748636952 Elliot Robert David 1977 The Glasgow novel PhD thesis University of Glasgow Archived 2019 03 22 at the Wayback Machine at p 141 Collier Patrick 2016 Modern Print Artefacts Textual Materiality and Literary Value in British Print Culture 1890 1930s Edinburgh University Press p 127 ISBN 9781474413480 Andrew Blaikie Legacies of Perception The Forgotten Places of Twentieth Century Scotland The Canadian Journal of Irish Studies Vol 39 No 1 Landscapes Places of Memory Subversive Spaces and Boundary Crossings 2015 pp 64 91 at p 74 Published by Canadian Journal of Irish Studies JSTOR 24635401 Blaikie Andrew 2013 Scots Imagination and Modern Memory Edinburgh University Press ISBN 9780748686315 Headrick Daniel R 1988 The Tentacles of Progress Technology Transfer in the Age of Imperialism 1850 1940 Oxford University Press p 369 ISBN 9780195051162 Tyson William 1966 Rope A History of the Hard Fibre Cordage Industry in the United Kingdom Hard Fibre Cordage Institute p vii External links EditArticle on Blake at wiki scotlandonair com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title George Blake novelist amp oldid 1138719089, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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