Generalized epilepsy is a form of epilepsy characterised by generalised seizures with no apparent cause.[1]Generalized seizures, as opposed to focal seizures, are a type of seizure that impairs consciousness and distorts the electrical activity of the whole or a larger portion of the brain (which can be seen, for example, on electroencephalography, EEG).[2]
Generalized epilepsy
Other names
Primary generalized epilepsy, idiopathic epilepsy
Generalized 3 Hz spike-and-wave discharges on an electroencephalogram
Generalized epilepsy is primary because the epilepsy is the originally diagnosed condition itself, as opposed to secondary epilepsy, which occurs as a symptom of a diagnosed condition.[3]
Most generalized epilepsy starts during childhood. While some patients outgrow their epilepsy during adolescence and no longer need medication, in others, the condition remains for life, thereby requiring lifelong medication and monitoring.
Treatmentedit
Seven anti-epileptic drugs are approved for use in cases of suspected primary generalized epilepsy:
Valproate, a relatively old drug, is often considered the first-line treatment. It is highly effective, but its association with fetal malformations when taken in pregnancy limits its use in young women.[6]
All anti-epileptic drugs (including the above) can be used in cases of partial seizures.
Referencesedit
^"Comprehensive Epilepsy Center | NYU Langone Medical Center". Med.nyu.edu. Retrieved 2016-12-16.
^Vajda, FJ; O'brien, TJ; Hitchcock, A; Graham, J; Cook, M; Lander, C; Eadie, MJ (November 2004). "Critical relationship between sodium valproate dose and human teratogenicity: results of the Australian register of anti-epileptic drugs in pregnancy". Journal of Clinical Neuroscience. 11 (8): 854–8. doi:10.1016/j.jocn.2004.05.003. PMID 15519862.
External linksedit
April 10, 2024
generalized, epilepsy, form, epilepsy, characterised, generalised, seizures, with, apparent, cause, generalized, seizures, opposed, focal, seizures, type, seizure, that, impairs, consciousness, distorts, electrical, activity, whole, larger, portion, brain, whi. Generalized epilepsy is a form of epilepsy characterised by generalised seizures with no apparent cause 1 Generalized seizures as opposed to focal seizures are a type of seizure that impairs consciousness and distorts the electrical activity of the whole or a larger portion of the brain which can be seen for example on electroencephalography EEG 2 Generalized epilepsyOther namesPrimary generalized epilepsy idiopathic epilepsyGeneralized 3 Hz spike and wave discharges on an electroencephalogramSpecialtyNeurologyGeneralized epilepsy is primary because the epilepsy is the originally diagnosed condition itself as opposed to secondary epilepsy which occurs as a symptom of a diagnosed condition 3 Contents 1 Manifestation 2 Prognosis 3 Treatment 4 References 5 External linksManifestation editGeneralized seizures can be either absence seizures myoclonic seizures clonic seizures tonic clonic seizures or atonic seizures Generalized seizures occur in various seizure syndromes including myoclonic epilepsy familial neonatal convulsions childhood absence epilepsy absence epilepsy infantile spasms West s syndrome Juvenile Myoclonic Epilepsy Lennox Gastaut syndrome and Generalized epilepsy with occipital semiology 4 Prognosis editMost generalized epilepsy starts during childhood While some patients outgrow their epilepsy during adolescence and no longer need medication in others the condition remains for life thereby requiring lifelong medication and monitoring Treatment editSeven anti epileptic drugs are approved for use in cases of suspected primary generalized epilepsy Brand Name Felbatol Generic Name Felbamate 5 Levetiracetam Zonisamide Topiramate Valproate Lamotrigine PerampanelValproate a relatively old drug is often considered the first line treatment It is highly effective but its association with fetal malformations when taken in pregnancy limits its use in young women 6 All anti epileptic drugs including the above can be used in cases of partial seizures References edit Comprehensive Epilepsy Center NYU Langone Medical Center Med nyu edu Retrieved 2016 12 16 Primary Generalized Epilepsy Nervous system diseases com 2013 09 09 Retrieved 2016 12 16 Seizures or epilepsy Pediatricservices com 2013 01 26 Retrieved 2016 12 16 Gomez Porro Pablo Serrano Angel Aledo Toledano Rafael Garcia Morales Irene Gil Nagel Antonio October 2018 Genetic idiopathic generalized epilepsy with occipital semiology Epileptic Disorders 20 5 434 439 doi 10 1684 epd 2018 0994 ISSN 1294 9361 Personal Use Vajda FJ O brien TJ Hitchcock A Graham J Cook M Lander C Eadie MJ November 2004 Critical relationship between sodium valproate dose and human teratogenicity results of the Australian register of anti epileptic drugs in pregnancy Journal of Clinical Neuroscience 11 8 854 8 doi 10 1016 j jocn 2004 05 003 PMID 15519862 External links edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Generalized epilepsy amp oldid 1157131980, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
