The Gauss lens is a compoundachromatic lens that uses two uncemented elements; in its most basic form, a positive meniscus lens on the object side and a negative meniscus lens on the image side. It was first proposed in 1817 by the mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss for a refracting telescope design, but was seldom implemented and is better known as the basis for the Double-Gauss lens first proposed in 1888 by Alvan Graham Clark, which is a four-element, four-group compound lens that uses a symmetric pair of Gauss lenses.
The power of the positive element predominates, but the negative element corrects for chromatic aberration; the positive element facing the object is made of crown glass, while the negative element facing the image is made of flint glass, separated by an air gap that takes the shape of a negative element.[1]: 127 Gauss first described the arrangement in 1817. Alvan Clark & Sons built a 9+1⁄2 in (240 mm) telescope for Princeton University in 1877 using a Gauss lens;[2]: 117 although Gauss had designed the optics to eliminate spherical aberration for different wavelengths, the Clarks "found these meniscus components difficult to make [and] disagreed that they gave a more complete achromatism and better definition". The telescope is now held by the National Museum of American History.[3]: 27–28, 143
Alvan G. Clark, the son of the founder of the eponymous American optical company, designed a photographic lens using a symmetric arrangement of two Gauss lenses and patented it in 1888;[4]Paul Rudolph introduced the ZeissPlanar as an improved Double-Gauss using cemented doublets in the place of the inner negative meniscus elements,[2]: 121 and Horace William Lee of the Taylor, Taylor and Hobson Company completed the evolution by introducing asymmetry to the Double-Gauss design with the 1920 Opic.[2]: 122 Derivatives of the Opic have dominated the design of high-speed (large aperture) photographic lenses since then.[2]: 118
Referencesedit
^Kingslake, Rudolf (1951). "VII: Types of Photographic Objectives". Lenses in Photography: The Practical Guide to Optics for Photographers. Garden City, New York: Garden City Books. pp. 119–136.
^Warner, Deborah Jean; Ariail, Robert B. (1995). Alvan Clark & Sons: Artists in Optics (Second ed.). Richmond, Virginia: Willmann-Bell, Inc. ISBN0-943396-46-8. Retrieved 15 March 2023.
^US grant 399499, Alvan G. Clark, "Photographic Lens", published March 12, 1889
External linksedit
"Gauss lens". Photonics.
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gauss, lens, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, march, 2023, l. This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Gauss lens news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2023 Learn how and when to remove this message The Gauss lens is a compound achromatic lens that uses two uncemented elements in its most basic form a positive meniscus lens on the object side and a negative meniscus lens on the image side It was first proposed in 1817 by the mathematician Carl Friedrich Gauss for a refracting telescope design but was seldom implemented and is better known as the basis for the Double Gauss lens first proposed in 1888 by Alvan Graham Clark which is a four element four group compound lens that uses a symmetric pair of Gauss lenses Gauss lensIntroduced inc 1817AuthorCarl Friedrich GaussConstruction2 elements in 2 groupsDesign editThe power of the positive element predominates but the negative element corrects for chromatic aberration the positive element facing the object is made of crown glass while the negative element facing the image is made of flint glass separated by an air gap that takes the shape of a negative element 1 127 Gauss first described the arrangement in 1817 Alvan Clark amp Sons built a 9 1 2 in 240 mm telescope for Princeton University in 1877 using a Gauss lens 2 117 although Gauss had designed the optics to eliminate spherical aberration for different wavelengths the Clarks found these meniscus components difficult to make and disagreed that they gave a more complete achromatism and better definition The telescope is now held by the National Museum of American History 3 27 28 143 Alvan G Clark the son of the founder of the eponymous American optical company designed a photographic lens using a symmetric arrangement of two Gauss lenses and patented it in 1888 4 Paul Rudolph introduced the Zeiss Planar as an improved Double Gauss using cemented doublets in the place of the inner negative meniscus elements 2 121 and Horace William Lee of the Taylor Taylor and Hobson Company completed the evolution by introducing asymmetry to the Double Gauss design with the 1920 Opic 2 122 Derivatives of the Opic have dominated the design of high speed large aperture photographic lenses since then 2 118 References edit Kingslake Rudolf 1951 VII Types of Photographic Objectives Lenses in Photography The Practical Guide to Optics for Photographers Garden City New York Garden City Books pp 119 136 a b c d Kingslake Rudolf 1989 A History of the Photographic Lens San Diego California Academic Press ISBN 0 12 408640 3 Warner Deborah Jean Ariail Robert B 1995 Alvan Clark amp Sons Artists in Optics Second ed Richmond Virginia Willmann Bell Inc ISBN 0 943396 46 8 Retrieved 15 March 2023 US grant 399499 Alvan G Clark Photographic Lens published March 12 1889 External links edit Gauss lens Photonics nbsp This optics related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Gauss lens amp oldid 1204789485, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
