Composite image of the GOODS-South field, result of a deep survey using two of the four giant 8.2-metre telescopes composing ESO's Very Large Telescope
GOODS consists of data from the following space-based observatories:
GOODs used the Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys with four filters, centered at 435, 606, 775 and 850 nm. The resulting map covers 30 times the area of the Hubble Deep Field to a photometric magnitude less sensitivity, and has enough resolution to allow the study of 1 kpc-scale objects at redshifts up to 6. It also provides photometric redshifts for over 60,000 galaxies within the field, providing an excellent sample for studying bright galaxies at high redshifts.[1]
Herscheledit
In May 2010, scientists announced that the infrared data from the Herschel Space Observatory was joining the GOODS dataset, after initial analysis of data using Herschel's PACS and SPIRE instruments. In October 2009, Herschel observed the GOODS-North field, and in January 2010 the GOODS-South field. In so doing, Herschel identified sources for the Cosmic Infrared Background.[2]
GREATS survey (GOODS Re-ionization Era wide-Area Treasury from Spitzer)[3][4] Field Of Galaxies – Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes (red circles = very faint, distant galaxies; inset = one example) (8 May 2019)
Findingsedit
Direct collapse black holesedit
Two objects studied in the GOODS survey, GOODS-S 29323 and GOODS-S 33160, show evidence of being seeds for direct collapse black holes, a potential mechanism for the formation of black holes in the early universe involving the cloud of gas directly collapsing into a black hole. GOODS-S 29323 has a redshift of 9.73 (13.2 billion light years away from Earth), and GOODS-S 33160 has a redshift of 6.06. This distance portrays interest into the early universe, where matter was in large, dense, quantities. This distance leads to a possible conclusion that due to matter particles exerting gravity on themselves, they would instantly collapse, forming the earliest supermassive black holes that we know of in the center of many galaxies. High infrared radiation in the spectrum of these two objects would imply extremely high star-formation rates, but fits the model of a direct-collapse black hole. Additionally, X-ray radiation is present in these objects, thought to be originating from the hot accretion disk of a collapsing black hole.[5]
GOODS-S 29323 is located in the constellation Fornax, at right ascension 03h 32m 28s and declination –27° 48′ 30″.[6]
Galleryedit
Hubble Deep UV (HDUV) Legacy Field, the GOODS-South view[7]
Galaxy NTTDF-474 is one of five that have been used to chart the timeline of the reionisation of the Universe.[11] Image taken by ESO's Very Large Telescope.
Galaxy NTTDF-6345 is one of five that have been used to chart the timeline of the reionisation of the Universe.[11] Image taken by ESO's Very Large Telescope.
GOODS-S field (NIRCam image), James Webb Space Telescope is already providing new insights into this question [13]
Referencesedit
^Giavalisco, M.; et al. (2004). "The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey: Initial Results from Optical and Near-Infrared Imaging". The Astrophysical Journal. 600 (2): 93–98. arXiv:astro-ph/0309105. Bibcode:2004ApJ...600L..93G. doi:10.1086/379232. S2CID 35547782.
^Herschel Reveals Galaxies In The GOODS Fields In A Brand New Light, spacedaily.com, 12 May 2009, accessed 13 May 2009
^Starr, Michelle (9 May 2019). "Strangely Bright Galaxies From The Early Universe Could Finally Explain a Cosmic Mystery". ScienceAlert.com. Retrieved 9 May 2019.
^Barros, S De; et al. (4 April 2019). "The GREATS Hβ+[O III]Luminosity Function and Galaxy Properties at z~8 : Walking the Way of JWST". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. arXiv:1903.09649. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz940.
^Pacucci, F. (January 1985). "First Identification of direct collapse black hole candidates in the early Universe in CANDELS/GOODS-S". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 459 (2): 1432–1439. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw725.
^"GOODS-S 29323: NASA Telescopes Find Clues For How Giant Black Holes Formed So Quickly". www.chandra.harvard.edu. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
^"GOODS-South Hubble Deep UV Legacy Field". www.spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 27 August 2018.
^"Hubble contributes to painting a picture of the evolving Universe". www.spacetelescope.org. Retrieved 20 August 2018.
^"Small but significant". ESA/Hubble Press Release. Retrieved 19 June 2014.
^"Hubble Uncovers Tiny Galaxies Bursting with Starbirth in Early Universe". ESA/Hubble Press Release. Retrieved 14 November 2011.
^ ab"Distant Galaxies Reveal The Clearing of the Cosmic Fog". ESO Science Release. Retrieved 12 October 2011.
^"Webb sees carbon-rich dust grains in the first billion years of cosmic time". October 13, 2023.
^"GOODS-S field (NIRCam image)". October 17, 2023.
External linksedit
Official website
"History Revealed". Image of the Day Gallery. NASA. Jan 7, 2010. More than 12 billion years of cosmic history are shown in this panoramic, full-color view of thousands of galaxies
"The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS)". ESOcast. ESO. Sep 27, 2010. 21.
great, observatories, origins, deep, survey, goods, astronomical, survey, combining, deep, observations, from, three, nasa, great, observatories, hubble, space, telescope, spitzer, space, telescope, chandra, observatory, along, with, data, from, other, space, . The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey or GOODS is an astronomical survey combining deep observations from three of NASA s Great Observatories the Hubble Space Telescope the Spitzer Space Telescope and the Chandra X ray Observatory along with data from other space based telescopes such as XMM Newton and some of the world s most powerful ground based telescopes Great Observatories Origins Deep SurveyAlternative namesGOODSWebsitewww wbr stsci wbr edu wbr science wbr goods wbr Related media on Commons edit on Wikidata GOODS is intended to enable astronomers to study the formation and evolution of galaxies in the distant early universe GOODS Field Hubble component The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey consists of optical and near infrared imaging taken with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope the Very Large Telescope and the 4 m telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope These are added to pre existing x ray data from the Chandra X ray Observatory and ESAs XMM Newton two fields of 10 by 16 one centered on the Hubble Deep Field North 12h 36m 55s 62 14m 15s and the other on the Chandra Deep Field South 3h 32m 30s 27 48m 20s The two GOODS fields are the most data rich areas of the sky in terms of depth and wavelength coverage Contents 1 Instruments 2 Hubble Space Telescope images 3 Herschel 4 Findings 4 1 Direct collapse black holes 5 Gallery 6 References 7 External linksInstruments edit nbsp Composite image of the GOODS South field result of a deep survey using two of the four giant 8 2 metre telescopes composing ESO s Very Large TelescopeGOODS consists of data from the following space based observatories The Hubble Space Telescope optical imaging with the Advanced Camera for Surveys The Spitzer Space Telescope infrared imaging The Chandra X ray Observatory X ray XMM Newton an X ray telescope belonging to the European Space Agency The Herschel Space Observatory an infrared telescope belonging to the ESA Hubble Space Telescope images editGOODs used the Hubble Space Telescope s Advanced Camera for Surveys with four filters centered at 435 606 775 and 850 nm The resulting map covers 30 times the area of the Hubble Deep Field to a photometric magnitude less sensitivity and has enough resolution to allow the study of 1 kpc scale objects at redshifts up to 6 It also provides photometric redshifts for over 60 000 galaxies within the field providing an excellent sample for studying bright galaxies at high redshifts 1 Herschel editIn May 2010 scientists announced that the infrared data from the Herschel Space Observatory was joining the GOODS dataset after initial analysis of data using Herschel s PACS and SPIRE instruments In October 2009 Herschel observed the GOODS North field and in January 2010 the GOODS South field In so doing Herschel identified sources for the Cosmic Infrared Background 2 nbsp GREATS survey GOODS Re ionization Era wide Area Treasury from Spitzer 3 4 Field Of Galaxies Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes red circles very faint distant galaxies inset one example 8 May 2019 Findings editDirect collapse black holes edit Two objects studied in the GOODS survey GOODS S 29323 and GOODS S 33160 show evidence of being seeds for direct collapse black holes a potential mechanism for the formation of black holes in the early universe involving the cloud of gas directly collapsing into a black hole GOODS S 29323 has a redshift of 9 73 13 2 billion light years away from Earth and GOODS S 33160 has a redshift of 6 06 This distance portrays interest into the early universe where matter was in large dense quantities This distance leads to a possible conclusion that due to matter particles exerting gravity on themselves they would instantly collapse forming the earliest supermassive black holes that we know of in the center of many galaxies High infrared radiation in the spectrum of these two objects would imply extremely high star formation rates but fits the model of a direct collapse black hole Additionally X ray radiation is present in these objects thought to be originating from the hot accretion disk of a collapsing black hole 5 GOODS S 29323 is located in the constellation Fornax at right ascension 03h 32m 28s and declination 27 48 30 6 Gallery edit nbsp Hubble Deep UV HDUV Legacy Field the GOODS South view 7 nbsp GOODS North field taken by Hubble 8 nbsp GOODS field containing distant dwarf galaxies 9 nbsp GOODS South Field 10 nbsp Galaxy NTTDF 474 is one of five that have been used to chart the timeline of the reionisation of the Universe 11 Image taken by ESO s Very Large Telescope nbsp Galaxy NTTDF 6345 is one of five that have been used to chart the timeline of the reionisation of the Universe 11 Image taken by ESO s Very Large Telescope nbsp Galaxy JADES GS z6 in the GOODS S field JADES NIRCam image James Webb Space Telescope 12 nbsp GOODS S field NIRCam image James Webb Space Telescope is already providing new insights into this question 13 References edit Giavalisco M et al 2004 The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey Initial Results from Optical and Near Infrared Imaging The Astrophysical Journal 600 2 93 98 arXiv astro ph 0309105 Bibcode 2004ApJ 600L 93G doi 10 1086 379232 S2CID 35547782 Herschel Reveals Galaxies In The GOODS Fields In A Brand New Light spacedaily com 12 May 2009 accessed 13 May 2009 Starr Michelle 9 May 2019 Strangely Bright Galaxies From The Early Universe Could Finally Explain a Cosmic Mystery ScienceAlert com Retrieved 9 May 2019 Barros S De et al 4 April 2019 The GREATS Hb O III Luminosity Function and Galaxy Properties at z 8 Walking the Way of JWST Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society arXiv 1903 09649 doi 10 1093 mnras stz940 Pacucci F January 1985 First Identification of direct collapse black hole candidates in the early Universe in CANDELS GOODS S Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 459 2 1432 1439 doi 10 1093 mnras stw725 GOODS S 29323 NASA Telescopes Find Clues For How Giant Black Holes Formed So Quickly www chandra harvard edu Retrieved 9 March 2021 GOODS South Hubble Deep UV Legacy Field www spacetelescope org Retrieved 27 August 2018 Hubble contributes to painting a picture of the evolving Universe www spacetelescope org Retrieved 20 August 2018 Small but significant ESA Hubble Press Release Retrieved 19 June 2014 Hubble Uncovers Tiny Galaxies Bursting with Starbirth in Early Universe ESA Hubble Press Release Retrieved 14 November 2011 a b Distant Galaxies Reveal The Clearing of the Cosmic Fog ESO Science Release Retrieved 12 October 2011 Webb sees carbon rich dust grains in the first billion years of cosmic time October 13 2023 GOODS S field NIRCam image October 17 2023 External links editOfficial website History Revealed Image of the Day Gallery NASA Jan 7 2010 More than 12 billion years of cosmic history are shown in this panoramic full color view of thousands of galaxies The Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey GOODS ESOcast ESO Sep 27 2010 21 Portals nbsp Astronomy nbsp Stars nbsp Spaceflight nbsp Outer space nbsp Solar System Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey amp oldid 1182053851, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
