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GOES 13

October 26, 2023

EWS-G1 (Electro-optical Infrared Weather System Geostationary)[1] is a weather satellite of the U.S. Space Force, formerly GOES-13 (also known as GOES-N before becoming operational) and part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite system. On 14 April 2010, GOES-13 became the operational weather satellite for GOES-East.[2] It was replaced by GOES-16 on 18 December 2017[3] and on 8 January 2018 its instruments were shut off and it began its three-week drift to an on-orbit storage location at 60.0° West longitude, arriving on 31 January 2018. It remained there as a backup satellite in case one of the operational GOES satellites had a problem until early July 2019, when it started to drift westward and was being transferred to the U.S. Air Force, and then the U.S. Space Force.[4][5][6]

EWS-G1
GOES-N during processing
NamesGOES-N
GOES-13 (before September 8, 2020)
Mission typeWeather satellite
OperatorNOAA/NASA and USSF
COSPAR ID2006-018A
SATCAT no.29155
Website
Mission duration10 years (planned)
17 years, 5 months and 1 day (elapsed)
Spacecraft properties
Spacecraft typeGOES-N series
BusBSS-601
ManufacturerBoeing
Launch mass3133 kg
Power2300 watts
Start of mission
Launch date24 May 2006, 22:11:00 UTC
RocketDelta IV-M+(4,2)
Launch siteCape Canaveral, SLC-37B
ContractorBoeing
End of mission
DeactivatedNET 2024
Orbital parameters
Reference systemGeocentric orbit
RegimeGeostationary orbit
Longitude61.5° East
SlotIndian Ocean
 

GOES-13 arrived at 61.5° East longitude in mid-February 2020.[7] The satellite is renamed EWS-G1 and fully operational for the Indian Ocean since September 8, 2020. EWS-G2 (GOES-15) was drafted to replace it in 2023. EWS-G1 is set for retirement in 2024.

Launch edit

 
Launch of GOES-13

GOES-N was launched aboard a Boeing Delta IV-M+(4,2) rocket, flying from SLC-37B at the Cape Canaveral. The launch occurred at 22:11:00 UTC on 24 May 2006.[8]

The launch had been delayed significantly due to a number of issues. First, it had been scheduled to fly on a Delta III,[9] but after three consecutive failures on its first three flights, the Delta III was canceled, with GOES launches being transferred to the Delta IV. Further delays were caused after the previous Delta IV launch, the maiden flight of the Heavy configuration, suffered a partial failure.[10] Then, two launch attempts in August 2005 were scrubbed, the second attempt just four minutes and 26 seconds prior to liftoff.[11]

After these launch attempts, the rocket's flight termination system batteries expired, requiring replacement.[12] A strike by workers at Boeing subsequently pushed the launch back to May 2006.[13]

Spacecraft edit

At launch, the satellite had a mass of 3,133 kilograms (6,907 lb), and an expected operational lifespan of ten years, although it carries fuel for longer.[14] It was built by Boeing, based on the BSS-601 satellite bus,[15] and was the first of three GOES-N series satellites to be launched.

Operations edit

In December 2007, GOES-13 was called up to provide coverage of the East Coast of the United States during an outage of GOES-12 due to a thruster leak. After the problem with GOES-12 cleared, it resumed operations, and GOES-13 was deactivated again. It was also briefly activated in mid-May 2009 when GOES-12 developed another thruster problem, however, it did not need to take over operations, and was deactivated by the end of the month. In April 2010, GOES-13 replaced GOES-12 as GOES-East at 75.0° West.[16] GOES-13 served actively as GOES-East from April 2010 to December 2017. In December 2017, GOES-16 replaced GOES-13 as GOES-East.[3] On 14 December 2017, GOES-13's direct (GOES VARiable transmission format) GVAR was disabled. The GOES-13 GVAR and (Low Rate Information Transmission) LRIT were relayed through GOES-14 until 8 January 2018, at which time the GOES-13 GVAR relay through GOES-14 GVAR was disabled. GOES-13 ceased transmitting data, began drifting to its storage location at 60.0° West on 9 January 2018, and arrived there on 31 January 2018.[17] GOES-13 remained at 60.0° West as a backup satellite, in case one of the operational GOES satellites malfunctioned.[4]

In January 2017, the United States Air Force started to consider taking over a spare GOES satellite for monitoring the Indian Ocean as the Meteosat-8 satellite was expected to be out of fuel in 2020 (later extended to 2022).[18] GOES-13 was brought out of storage on 19 June 2019 for a period of testing,[19] and began to drift westward since 2 July 2019.[5] In September 2019, NOAA confirmed that GOES-13 had been transferred to the U.S. Air Force after the two-year negotiation in order to fill a gap in forecasting requirements, but NOAA would continue operating the satellite on behalf of the U.S. Air Force for its remaining life span.[6] GOES-13 was later transferred to the United States Space Force since its establishment in December 2019. After the 7-month drift, GOES-13 eventually arrived at 61.5° East longitude in mid-February 2020.[7] On September 8, 2020, the Space and Missile Systems Center announced the newly renamed EWS-G1 (Electro-optical Infrared Weather System Geostationary) satellite became fully operational with the joint efforts between the U.S. Space Force, NOAA, and NASA.[1][20]

Anomalies edit

In December 2006, GOES-13 observed a solar flare so intense it damaged its Solar X-ray Imager (SXI).[21]

On 12 September 2012, GOES-13 began to return images with an excessive amount of noise. The noise gradually increased to the point at which the satellite was placed in standby mode on 24 September 2012 in order to allow engineers to diagnose the problem. GOES-15 temporarily provided backup imagery for a short time, with GOES-14 being taken out of in-orbit storage and prepared to be a longer-term replacement including movement towards the 75.0° slot normally occupied by GOES-East.[22] GOES-13 returned to normal operations on 18 October 2012.[23][24] GOES-14 was kept in normal operations and used to monitor Hurricane Sandy in parallel with GOES-13[25] before GOES-14 returned to standby status.

On 22 May 2013, at 03:40 UTC, GOES-13 was apparently hit by a micrometeorite or orbital debris (MMOD) which caused it to lose track of the stars that it uses to maintain attitude. The satellite then went into safe mode and shut down all of its instruments. The hit was believed to occur on the solar array yoke. In the short term GOES-15 was reconfigured to cover the entire United States, but operators activated GOES-14 to take over GOES-East operations at 06:00 UTC on 23 May 2013.[26] GOES-13 was scheduled to return to operational status at 15:45 UTC on 6 June 2013[27] However, that was delayed due to a Critical Weather Day and Tropical Storm Andrea.[28] It returned to full duty on 10 June 2013.

On 20 November 2015, at 09:22 UTC, the GOES-13 Sounder experienced an anomaly. GOES engineers determined that the Filter Wheel had stopped moving (the filter wheel aligns the infrared detectors with the incoming data) so data were not scanned. All 18 infrared channels were affected; the visible channel (band 19) continued sending usable data until the instruments were shut down in 2018.[29]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b "USSF and NOAA Begin Joint Operations of Infrared Weather Satellite". Los Angeles Air Force Base. 8 September 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
  2. ^ . NASA. 9 May 2009. Archived from the original on 5 June 2004. Retrieved 8 July 2009.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  3. ^ a b Clark, Stephen (20 December 2017). "NOAA's GOES-16 weather satellite declared operational". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 27 December 2017.
  4. ^ a b "Farewell to GOES-13: The History of NOAA's Former GOES East Satellite | NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service (NESDIS)". www.nesdis.noaa.gov. 10 January 2018. from the original on 17 July 2018. Retrieved 10 January 2018.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  5. ^ a b Scott Tilley (10 September 2019). "GOES-13 Gets Drafted?". Riddles in the Sky. Retrieved 4 December 2019.
  6. ^ a b Foust, Jeff (19 September 2019). "NOAA weather satellite transferred to U.S. Air Force". SpaceNews. Retrieved 21 September 2019.
  7. ^ a b "Live Real Time Satellite Tracking and Predictions: GOES 13". N2YO.com. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
  8. ^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
  9. ^ (PDF). NASA. 2001. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 March 2009. Retrieved 8 July 2009.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  10. ^ Kelly, John (22 May 2006). "For Boeing, Next Delta 4 Rocket Launch Carries More Than a Satellite". Space.com. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
  11. ^ Bergin, Chris (16 August 2005). "Delta 4 launch scrubbed - again". NASASpaceflight.com. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
  12. ^ "Mission Status Center". Delta Launch Report - GOES-N. Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
  13. ^ "Boeing's Launch Schedule Hit by Impending Union Strike". Space.com. 27 October 2005. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
  14. ^ Krebs, Gunter. "GOES N, O, P, Q". Gunter's Space Page. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
  15. ^ Wade, Mark. . Encyclopedia Astronautica. Archived from the original on 2 August 2009. Retrieved 8 July 2009.
  16. ^ . NOAA. Archived from the original on 30 October 2004. Retrieved 9 July 2009.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  17. ^ "GOES-16 drift and transition to operations". Retrieved 13 February 2018.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  18. ^ Foust, Jeff (25 January 2017). "Air Force considering taking over NOAA weather satellite". SpaceNews. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  19. ^ Bachmeier, Scott (26 June 2019). "GOES-13 brought out of storage". CIMSS. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  20. ^ "NOAA weather satellite transitions to new role for U.S. military". Spaceflight Now. 13 September 2020. Retrieved 14 September 2020.
  21. ^ "A Super Solar Flare - Science at NASA". nasa.gov. 6 May 2008. Retrieved 14 September 2020.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  22. ^ "Using polar-orbiting satellite data to help fill in gaps during a GOES-13 outage". University of Wisconsin-Madison. 24 September 2012.
  23. ^ Back from the dead: GOES-13 satellite returns to active duty, Washington Post.
  24. ^ . NOAA Office of Satellite Operations. Archived from the original on 13 January 2011.   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  25. ^ "Hurricane Sandy Life Cycle from GOES-13 and GOES-14". University of Wisconsin-Madison.
  26. ^   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  27. ^ "Update#21".
  28. ^ http://www.ssd.noaa.gov/PS/SATS/MESS/   This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
  29. ^ Lindstrom, Scott. "GOES-13 Sounder Anomalies". Retrieved 27 December 2017.

External links edit

  Media related to GOES 13 at Wikimedia Commons

October 26, 2023
goes, electro, optical, infrared, weather, system, geostationary, weather, satellite, space, force, formerly, goes, also, known, goes, before, becoming, operational, part, national, oceanic, atmospheric, administration, geostationary, operational, environmenta. EWS G1 Electro optical Infrared Weather System Geostationary 1 is a weather satellite of the U S Space Force formerly GOES 13 also known as GOES N before becoming operational and part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration s Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite system On 14 April 2010 GOES 13 became the operational weather satellite for GOES East 2 It was replaced by GOES 16 on 18 December 2017 3 and on 8 January 2018 its instruments were shut off and it began its three week drift to an on orbit storage location at 60 0 West longitude arriving on 31 January 2018 It remained there as a backup satellite in case one of the operational GOES satellites had a problem until early July 2019 when it started to drift westward and was being transferred to the U S Air Force and then the U S Space Force 4 5 6 EWS G1GOES N during processingNamesGOES NGOES 13 before September 8 2020 Mission typeWeather satelliteOperatorNOAA NASA and USSFCOSPAR ID2006 018ASATCAT no 29155Websitegoes gsfc nasa govMission duration10 years planned 17 years 5 months and 1 day elapsed Spacecraft propertiesSpacecraft typeGOES N seriesBusBSS 601ManufacturerBoeingLaunch mass3133 kgPower2300 wattsStart of missionLaunch date24 May 2006 22 11 00 UTCRocketDelta IV M 4 2 Launch siteCape Canaveral SLC 37BContractorBoeingEnd of missionDeactivatedNET 2024Orbital parametersReference systemGeocentric orbitRegimeGeostationary orbitLongitude61 5 EastSlotIndian Ocean GOES 13 arrived at 61 5 East longitude in mid February 2020 7 The satellite is renamed EWS G1 and fully operational for the Indian Ocean since September 8 2020 EWS G2 GOES 15 was drafted to replace it in 2023 EWS G1 is set for retirement in 2024 Contents 1 Launch 2 Spacecraft 3 Operations 3 1 Anomalies 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksLaunch edit nbsp Launch of GOES 13GOES N was launched aboard a Boeing Delta IV M 4 2 rocket flying from SLC 37B at the Cape Canaveral The launch occurred at 22 11 00 UTC on 24 May 2006 8 The launch had been delayed significantly due to a number of issues First it had been scheduled to fly on a Delta III 9 but after three consecutive failures on its first three flights the Delta III was canceled with GOES launches being transferred to the Delta IV Further delays were caused after the previous Delta IV launch the maiden flight of the Heavy configuration suffered a partial failure 10 Then two launch attempts in August 2005 were scrubbed the second attempt just four minutes and 26 seconds prior to liftoff 11 After these launch attempts the rocket s flight termination system batteries expired requiring replacement 12 A strike by workers at Boeing subsequently pushed the launch back to May 2006 13 Spacecraft editAt launch the satellite had a mass of 3 133 kilograms 6 907 lb and an expected operational lifespan of ten years although it carries fuel for longer 14 It was built by Boeing based on the BSS 601 satellite bus 15 and was the first of three GOES N series satellites to be launched Operations editIn December 2007 GOES 13 was called up to provide coverage of the East Coast of the United States during an outage of GOES 12 due to a thruster leak After the problem with GOES 12 cleared it resumed operations and GOES 13 was deactivated again It was also briefly activated in mid May 2009 when GOES 12 developed another thruster problem however it did not need to take over operations and was deactivated by the end of the month In April 2010 GOES 13 replaced GOES 12 as GOES East at 75 0 West 16 GOES 13 served actively as GOES East from April 2010 to December 2017 In December 2017 GOES 16 replaced GOES 13 as GOES East 3 On 14 December 2017 GOES 13 s direct GOES VARiable transmission format GVAR was disabled The GOES 13 GVAR and Low Rate Information Transmission LRIT were relayed through GOES 14 until 8 January 2018 at which time the GOES 13 GVAR relay through GOES 14 GVAR was disabled GOES 13 ceased transmitting data began drifting to its storage location at 60 0 West on 9 January 2018 and arrived there on 31 January 2018 17 GOES 13 remained at 60 0 West as a backup satellite in case one of the operational GOES satellites malfunctioned 4 In January 2017 the United States Air Force started to consider taking over a spare GOES satellite for monitoring the Indian Ocean as the Meteosat 8 satellite was expected to be out of fuel in 2020 later extended to 2022 18 GOES 13 was brought out of storage on 19 June 2019 for a period of testing 19 and began to drift westward since 2 July 2019 5 In September 2019 NOAA confirmed that GOES 13 had been transferred to the U S Air Force after the two year negotiation in order to fill a gap in forecasting requirements but NOAA would continue operating the satellite on behalf of the U S Air Force for its remaining life span 6 GOES 13 was later transferred to the United States Space Force since its establishment in December 2019 After the 7 month drift GOES 13 eventually arrived at 61 5 East longitude in mid February 2020 7 On September 8 2020 the Space and Missile Systems Center announced the newly renamed EWS G1 Electro optical Infrared Weather System Geostationary satellite became fully operational with the joint efforts between the U S Space Force NOAA and NASA 1 20 Anomalies edit In December 2006 GOES 13 observed a solar flare so intense it damaged its Solar X ray Imager SXI 21 On 12 September 2012 GOES 13 began to return images with an excessive amount of noise The noise gradually increased to the point at which the satellite was placed in standby mode on 24 September 2012 in order to allow engineers to diagnose the problem GOES 15 temporarily provided backup imagery for a short time with GOES 14 being taken out of in orbit storage and prepared to be a longer term replacement including movement towards the 75 0 slot normally occupied by GOES East 22 GOES 13 returned to normal operations on 18 October 2012 23 24 GOES 14 was kept in normal operations and used to monitor Hurricane Sandy in parallel with GOES 13 25 before GOES 14 returned to standby status On 22 May 2013 at 03 40 UTC GOES 13 was apparently hit by a micrometeorite or orbital debris MMOD which caused it to lose track of the stars that it uses to maintain attitude The satellite then went into safe mode and shut down all of its instruments The hit was believed to occur on the solar array yoke In the short term GOES 15 was reconfigured to cover the entire United States but operators activated GOES 14 to take over GOES East operations at 06 00 UTC on 23 May 2013 26 GOES 13 was scheduled to return to operational status at 15 45 UTC on 6 June 2013 27 However that was delayed due to a Critical Weather Day and Tropical Storm Andrea 28 It returned to full duty on 10 June 2013 On 20 November 2015 at 09 22 UTC the GOES 13 Sounder experienced an anomaly GOES engineers determined that the Filter Wheel had stopped moving the filter wheel aligns the infrared detectors with the incoming data so data were not scanned All 18 infrared channels were affected the visible channel band 19 continued sending usable data until the instruments were shut down in 2018 29 See also edit nbsp Spaceflight portal2006 in spaceflight List of GOES satellitesReferences edit a b USSF and NOAA Begin Joint Operations of Infrared Weather Satellite Los Angeles Air Force Base 8 September 2020 Retrieved 22 September 2020 GOES NEWS NASA 9 May 2009 Archived from the original on 5 June 2004 Retrieved 8 July 2009 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain a b Clark Stephen 20 December 2017 NOAA s GOES 16 weather satellite declared operational Spaceflight Now Retrieved 27 December 2017 a b Farewell to GOES 13 The History of NOAA s Former GOES East Satellite NOAA National Environmental Satellite Data and Information Service NESDIS www nesdis noaa gov 10 January 2018 Archived from the original on 17 July 2018 Retrieved 10 January 2018 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain a b Scott Tilley 10 September 2019 GOES 13 Gets Drafted Riddles in the Sky Retrieved 4 December 2019 a b Foust Jeff 19 September 2019 NOAA weather satellite transferred to U S Air Force SpaceNews Retrieved 21 September 2019 a b Live Real Time Satellite Tracking and Predictions GOES 13 N2YO com Retrieved 20 February 2020 McDowell Jonathan Launch Log Jonathan s Space Page Retrieved 8 July 2009 GOES NO P Q The Next Generation PDF NASA 2001 Archived from the original PDF on 20 March 2009 Retrieved 8 July 2009 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Kelly John 22 May 2006 For Boeing Next Delta 4 Rocket Launch Carries More Than a Satellite Space com Retrieved 8 July 2009 Bergin Chris 16 August 2005 Delta 4 launch scrubbed again NASASpaceflight com Retrieved 8 July 2009 Mission Status Center Delta Launch Report GOES N Spaceflight Now Retrieved 8 July 2009 Boeing s Launch Schedule Hit by Impending Union Strike Space com 27 October 2005 Retrieved 8 July 2009 Krebs Gunter GOES N O P Q Gunter s Space Page Retrieved 8 July 2009 Wade Mark HS 601 Encyclopedia Astronautica Archived from the original on 2 August 2009 Retrieved 8 July 2009 GOES M Status NOAA Archived from the original on 30 October 2004 Retrieved 9 July 2009 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain GOES 16 drift and transition to operations Retrieved 13 February 2018 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Foust Jeff 25 January 2017 Air Force considering taking over NOAA weather satellite SpaceNews Retrieved 15 January 2020 Bachmeier Scott 26 June 2019 GOES 13 brought out of storage CIMSS Retrieved 15 January 2020 NOAA weather satellite transitions to new role for U S military Spaceflight Now 13 September 2020 Retrieved 14 September 2020 A Super Solar Flare Science at NASA nasa gov 6 May 2008 Retrieved 14 September 2020 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Using polar orbiting satellite data to help fill in gaps during a GOES 13 outage University of Wisconsin Madison 24 September 2012 Back from the dead GOES 13 satellite returns to active duty Washington Post GOES 13 spacecraft status NOAA Office of Satellite Operations Archived from the original on 13 January 2011 nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Hurricane Sandy Life Cycle from GOES 13 and GOES 14 University of Wisconsin Madison https web archive org web 20130607192921 http www ssd noaa gov PS SATS MESS nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Update 21 http www ssd noaa gov PS SATS MESS nbsp This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Lindstrom Scott GOES 13 Sounder Anomalies Retrieved 27 December 2017 External links edit nbsp Media related to GOES 13 at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title GOES 13 amp oldid 1177492948, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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