Furka Oberalp Railway

The Furka Oberalp Railway (German: Furka Oberalp Bahn) is a narrow gauge mountain railway in Switzerland with a gauge of 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in). It runs in the Graubünden, Uri and Canton of Valais. Since January 1, 2003, it is part of the Matterhorn Gotthard Bahn when it merged with the BVZ Zermatt-Bahn.

Furka Oberalp Railway
A train on the Oberalp Pass
Overview
Native name	Furka Oberalp Bahn
Technical
Rack system	Abt
Track gauge	1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) metre gauge
Electrification	11,000 V 16.7 Hz AC
Route map Legend km elev MGB from Zermatt SBB line from Lausanne BLS Lötschberg mountain line from Spiez 0.0 Brig Bahnhofplatz 671.7 m 1.0 Naters SBB line to Domodossola 3.85 Bitsch 669 m 7.21 Mörel 759 m aerial cablecar to Riederalp Filet bridge (169 m) Nussbaum bridge (62 m) 10.22 Betten Talstation 842 m aerial cablecar to Bettmeralp 11.59 Grengiols 891 m Grengiols bridge (96 m) Grengiols curved tunnel (592 m) Grengiols tunnel (22 m) Laxgraben bridge (67 m) 14.8 Lax 1044.7 m 16.6 Fiesch Feriendorf 1050.2 m 17.3 Fiesch till 2019 1062.2 m 17.6 Fiesch since 2019 1064 m aerial cablecar to Fiescheralp-Eggishorn Fiesch tunnel (36 m) 20.4 Fürgangen-Bellwald Talstation 1201.7 m aerial cablecar to Bellwald 24.4 Niederwald 1243.2 m 26.1 Blitzingen 1264.4 m Blitzingen tunnel (360 m) 27.9 Biel (Goms) 1282.7 m 29.4 Gluringen 1313 m 30.6 Reckingen 1315.4 m 33.3 Münster VS 1358.7 m 34.7 Geschinen 1339.7 m 36.3 Rosseye 1342.5 m 37.3 Ulrichen 1346.7 m 39.0 Obergesteln 1353.2 m 41.3 Oberwald 1365.9 m bypass tunnel (673 m) Furka Mountain railway West portal of Furka Base Tunnel (15,442 m) 47.2 Geren 53.0 Rotondo East portal of Furka Base Tunnel 59.4 Realp 1538 m Richleren bridge (ca. 70 m) 65.4 Hospental 1452 m Gotthard Railway from Lugano 67.9 3.7 Andermatt 1436 m 1.3 Steinlekehr 1215 m to Göschenen goods transfer yard 0.0 Göschenen 1106 m Gotthard Railway to Arth-Goldau 72.4 Nätschen 1843 m 77.7 Oberalppass 2033 m 81.5 Tschamut-Selva 1701 m Val Giuf viaduct 85.0 Dieni 1452 m 86.4 Rueras 1447 m 87.8 Sedrun 1441 m 89.2 Bugnei 1439 m 89.9 AlpTransit Gotthard AG to Las Rueras 89.9 Tscheppa 92.2 Mumpé Tujetsch 1346 m 93.7 Segnas 1276 m 95.7 Acla da Fontauna 1202 m 96.9 Disentis/Mustér~ 1130 m to Reichenau-Tamins Source: Swiss railway atlas^[1] This diagram: view talk edit

Share of the Compagnie Suisse du Chemin de fer de la Furka (Brig-Furka-Disentis – BFD)^[2]

The line begins in Disentis in the canton of Graubünden, where there is a connection to the Rhätische Bahn (RhB). It then runs over the Oberalp Pass to Andermatt in the canton of Uri. Through the Furka Base Tunnel it reaches the Goms District area and Brig in the canton of Valais. In Brig, it connects to the BVZ Zermattbahn since 1930.

The first half of the line was opened by the French company Brig-Furka-Disentis Bahn (BFD) in 1914. Trains could go as far as Gletsch, starting from Brig. Construction of the second part over the Furka Pass and Oberalp Pass was well under way when the war situation in France halted all works by 1915. The company lingered on, but was finally bankrupt in 1923. Two years later the railway had a new owner, called Furka Oberalp Bahn, founded by the cantons and the neighbouring railway companies. Construction work resumed, now with important federal funds, and on July 4, 1926 regular through services between Brig and Disentis could start. RhB trains reached Disentis under electric traction in 1922.

In 1930 the tracks of the newly electrified BVZ reached Brig, which gave birth to the famous Glacier Express. The oncoming crisis and the war limited the number of tourists. Nevertheless the FO line was considered to be of strategic importance. This finally made funds available to electrify the line and purchase the necessary motive power. At the same time the Andermatt–Disentis line was protected against avalanches to allow winter services.

Schöllenenbahn

 

Share of the Schöllenenbahn, issued June 24, 1912^[3]

The Schöllenenbahn (SchB) was opened in 1917 from Göschenen up to Andermatt. It has a station connecting with the Gotthard railway line of the Swiss Federal Railways. Initially it was electrified with 1,200 V DC. In 1941, when electrification of FO started, SchB was converted to 11,000 V AC. In 1961, it merged with the Furka Oberalp Bahn.

Furka Bergstrecke

 

A train near Realp

There are many avalanches between Realp and Oberwald. The section over the Furka Pass used to be closed during winters. The mountain section was closed in the winter of 1981 and was replaced by a tunnel (length: 15.381 km or 9.557 mi) in 1982. The association called Verein Furka-Bergstrecke and the company Dampfbahn Furka-Bergstrecke now run a heritage railway with steam locomotives on the old route.

Rolling stock

When FO was founded in 1925, it came in possession of the BFD rolling stock, introduced in 1914 and consisting of

• 10 steam locomotives HG 3/4 1–10, built by SLM
• 40 wooden coaches, of which 30 with bogies, including 10 luggage and mail vans, all built by SIG, Neuhausen
• 30 goods wagons, including 10 covered wagons, 10 open wagons and 10 flat cars, all built by Chantiers de la Buire at Lyon, France
• 17 goods wagons, purchased from RhB for the construction work on the line, originally built in 1888/89 by SIG and S.A. Nicaise & Delcuve, La Louvière, Belgium

For a long time, FO couldn't afford to buy new coaches and wagons and rebuilt many of these vehicles. Some of the large luggage and mail vans were rebuilt as passenger coaches, some became covered goods wagons. Two axle coaches got luggage compartments to provide for a well adapted transport capacity. When some coaches got new bogies from SWS, Schlieren in 1947, the old bogies were reused to build 4 covered wagons. During the Second World War, three flat wagons had been built using underframes from coaches. 1949 these coaches came back to service with new underframes and bogies from SIG. FO always suffered from not having really enough vehicles but was lucky having two neighbouring companies where additional rolling stock could be leased for peak traffic.

Electrification during the Second World War necessarily brought new rolling stock. SLM delivered together with

• MFO 5 locomotives HGe 4/4 31–35 and
• BBC 4 motor coaches BCFeh 2/4 42–43 and CFeh 2/4 44–45; number 41 had been delivered to Schöllenenbahn
• MFO and SIG 3 electric rotary snow ploughs Xrot e 1021–23 (later 4931–33)

Six of the steam locomotives were after the War sold to France (two) and Vietnam (four) while four locomotives remained. In 1946 a small electric shunter Te 2/2 1041 (later 4926) was built by SLM and SAAS for Brig station. Later, two more locomotives were delivered by SLM and MFO

• HGe 4/4 36 1948
• HGe 4/4 37 1956

The 1961 merger with Schöllenenbahn enlarged stock by

• 4 two-axle electric locomotives HGe 2/2 21–24
• 1 motor coach 41 (see above)
• 7 wooden coaches with bogies, all built in 1917 by SWS, Schlieren
• 6 goods wagons from 1917 (SWS)
• 5 goods wagons from 1943/44 (SWS)

Finally, after the merger, FO could begin with the modernisation of its rolling stock and took delivery of

• 3 luggage vans F4 (later D) 4341–43 by FFA/SIG 1961 which also served for a military rescue train
• 12 covered goods wagons K3s (later Gb-v) 4433–4444 by J. Meyer, Rheinfelden, 1964
• 10 cement silo wagons OB1 (later Uce) 4861–70 by J. Meyer, Rheinfelden, 1964/65
• 10 FFA1-type second class coaches B 4263–72 1965/68
• 2 flat cars O7s (later R-w) 4791–92 by J. Meyer, Rheinfelden, 1967
• 2 diesel locomotives HGm 4/4 61–62 to finally replace the last steam locomotives, delivered 1968 by SLM, BBC and MFO with Cummins diesels.

1971/72 FO took delivery of 4 push-pull consists with motor luggage vans, one additional motor to compensate for the loss of locomotive 35, destroyed in a head-on collision, and four additional driving trailers to form small push-pull consists with the existing motor coaches 41–45. The coaches were of SIG1-type, also introduced on BVZ, SBB-Brünigbahn, BOB and MOB.

• motor luggage van Deh 4/4 51–55, built by SIG and BBC
• second-class coaches B 4251–58
• composite driving trailers ABt 4151–54
• composite driving trailers ABt 4191–94

All this rolling stock was, for motive power and coaches, all red with a simple FO inscription. With the opening of the new Furka tunnel approaching, the wooden coaches had to be replaced and the number of vehicles extended. The number of push-pull consists was extended to 9 long and 5 short ones. The coaches were of SIG2 type, also delivered to MOB. But now, the all-red-status should be left. A new livery in red with a white stripe was introduced and within a few years extended to existing modern rolling stock.

• 4 motor luggage vans Deh 4/4 91–94 built by SLM and BBC
• 16 second-class coaches B 4273–88
• 5 composite driving trailers ABt 4155–59
• 1 composite driving trailer ABt 4195
• 4 first-class coaches A 4063–66

For the Furka tunnel car shuttle trains, FO took delivery of

• 2 electric adhesion locomotives Ge 4/4 81–82
• 2 driving trailers with passenger and cycle compartment BDt 4361–62
• 5 end wagons Skl-tv 4801–05
• 12 car transporters with roof Skl-tv 4811–22

A little addition could be made some years later, but the coaches now came from ACMV Vevey

• 2 motor luggage vans Deh 4/4 95–96, delivered 1984 by SLM and BBC
• 7 car transporters Skl-tv 4806–07 and 4823–27, delivered 1984
• 1 car shuttle driving trailer BDt 4363, delivered 1985
• 2 composite coaches AB 4171–72, delivered 1987
• 2 composite driving trailers ABt 4181–82, delivered 1987

Finally FO got panoramic coaches as developed by MOB

• 4 Ramseier+Jenzer coaches on preused underframes PS 4011–14
• 10 Breda-built As 4021–30 on SIG bogies

There was no departmental stock for a long time except for one snow plough, introduced 1917. 1943 and 55 some tram wagons were bought and added to service stock. With modern stock arriving, many coaches and wagons were reused in departmental stock.

See also

• Rail transport in Switzerland
• List of railway companies in Switzerland

References

1. Eisenbahnatlas Schweiz [Swiss railway atlas]. Schweers + Wall. 2012. pp. 45, 57, 79. ISBN 978-3-89494-130-7.
2. Suppes 1994, p. 471.
3. Suppes 1994, p. 470.

• Heuberger, Werner; Schwabe, Hansrudolf; Werder, Rudolf (1981). FO Brig–Furka–Disentis. Basel: Pharos-Verlag Hansrudolf Schwabe AG. ISBN 3-7230-0312-5.
• Suppes, Bernd (1994). "Suppes 94/95 Historische Wertpapiere". Suppes-Katalog Für Historische Aktien und Anleihen Historische Wertpapiere; Deutschland, Österreich, Schweiz. Wiesbaden-Bieberich: WWW Bernd Suppes. ISSN 0936-9406.

External links

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Furka-Oberalp-Bahn.

• Homepage of the Matterhorn-Gotthard-Bahn (in German)
• Narrow gauge railways of Switzerland (in English)
• Description of MGB with rail information (in German)