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Frying pan (NAMA 4974)

December 15, 2023

The Cycladic frying pan (NAMA 4974) is a ceramic item from the Bronze Age Cycladic civilization. It dates to the early Cycladic period, between the 28th and 23 centuries BC (EC II). The frying pan derives from grave 74 of Chalandriani cemetery on the Cycladian island of Syros. It was discovered in 1889/90 during excavations led by Christos Tsountas, along with other pottery and was first published by Tsountas in 1899. With the inventory number 4974, the frying pan is now kept in the National Archaeological Museum of Athens. The purpose of the frying pan is unknown.

Description edit

 
Decorated reverse
 
Decorated reverse and view from above, 1899

The frying pan is 20.1 cm across and 28.2 cm from tip to grip. The plate has a round wall which is undecorated and projects outwards, forming the dish of the "frying pan". The incised decoration on the reverse is very deep. The entire plate, with the grips, is surrounded by a border of chip impressions. At the base of the handle, above the grips is an engraved pubic triangle. It is separated from the main field by another chip border. In the main field, stamped spirals, linked together by engraved lines, surround a ship which is engraved slightly below centre, opposite the handle. The hull and an upward pointing prow are depicted by engraved double lines. There is a fish symbol and two banners on the high prow. Above and below the hull, oars or rudders are suggested by slanting lines - a different number on each side.[1] A unique feature compared to other frying pans is the orientation of the ship. It is the only known depiction of a ship with a high prow, which is usually identified as the bow, at the left end.[2]

Except for a broken edge of the rim about 10 cm long, the frying pan is fully intact.[3] It is made of a dark red, strong and coarse-grained clay. The slip on the outside is well-applied, but slightly spotty. On the inside, it is darker.

The quality of the work has been considered to be "accomplished with great care and skill.[4]

Meaning edit

Frying pans of the "Chalandriani type" are part of the final development of this form of ceramics and are dated to FC II. Their predecessors of the "Aplomata type" differ clearly in the tendency to circular bodies and in grip shape. By contrast, the frying pans of the "Chalandriani type" have an oval body and usually have little footed handles. The decorations known from the "Aplomata type," like star motifs and interconnected spirals are often added to depictions of ships on spiral backgrounds.[5]

At least ten frying pans with depictions of ships are known from the cemetery of Syros;[6] one example has two ships. The individual ship depictions appear to be the product of only a few artists.[7]

Chalandriani frying pans are further decorated with carving in the form of female genitalia, the so-called "pubic triangle." Normally this takes the form of a triangular pattern with a central vertical line at the base of the handle. Examples are even known on the other side of the handle.[8]

Bibliography edit

  • Jörg Rambach (2000). Kykladen I. Die frühe Bronzezeit – Grab- und Siedlungsbefunde. Bonn: Habelt. p. 76. ISBN 3-7749-2831-2. Table 28
  • John E. Coleman (1985). ""Frying Pans" of the Early Bronze Age Aegean". American Journal of Archaeology. Vol. 89, no. 2. p. 208.
  • Jürgen Thimme, ed. (1976). Kunst und Kultur der Kykladeninseln im 3. Jahrtausend vor Christus. C. F. Müller, Karlsruhe. pp. 111, 116. ISBN 3-7880-9568-7.
  • Christos Tsountas: Kykladika II In: Hē En Athēnais Archaiologikē Hetaireia (Ed.): Ephēmeris archaiologikē, 1899 pp. 73–134, 86, 90 (Digitalised: S. 85/86)

References edit

  1. ^ Coleman 1976 in Thimme, p. 116; Coleman 1985, p. 208; Rambach Table 28
  2. ^ Coleman 1985, S. 207
  3. ^ Ekschmitt 1993, Ill. 25, p. 59; Rambach 2000, Tbl. 28, description and drawing.
  4. ^ Werner Ekschmitt (1993). Die Kykladen. Bronzezeit, geometrische und archaische Zeit. Mainz: Philipp von Zabern. p. 80. ISBN 3-8053-1533-3.
  5. ^ Rambach 2000b, pp. 275–284; Eva Alram-Stern (Ed.): Die Ägäische Frühzeit. 2. Serie. Forschungsbericht 1975–2002. Die Frühbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta. Verlag der österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien 2004, ISBN 978-3-7001-3268-4, p. 354
  6. ^ Coleman 1985, p. 205
  7. ^ Coleman 1985, p. 198
  8. ^ Coleman 1985, p. 196

External links edit

  • Frying-pan vessel (4974), National Archive of Monuments

December 15, 2023
frying, nama, 4974, cycladic, frying, nama, 4974, ceramic, item, from, bronze, cycladic, civilization, dates, early, cycladic, period, between, 28th, centuries, frying, derives, from, grave, chalandriani, cemetery, cycladian, island, syros, discovered, 1889, d. The Cycladic frying pan NAMA 4974 is a ceramic item from the Bronze Age Cycladic civilization It dates to the early Cycladic period between the 28th and 23 centuries BC EC II The frying pan derives from grave 74 of Chalandriani cemetery on the Cycladian island of Syros It was discovered in 1889 90 during excavations led by Christos Tsountas along with other pottery and was first published by Tsountas in 1899 With the inventory number 4974 the frying pan is now kept in the National Archaeological Museum of Athens The purpose of the frying pan is unknown Contents 1 Description 2 Meaning 3 Bibliography 4 References 5 External linksDescription edit nbsp Decorated reverse nbsp Decorated reverse and view from above 1899The frying pan is 20 1 cm across and 28 2 cm from tip to grip The plate has a round wall which is undecorated and projects outwards forming the dish of the frying pan The incised decoration on the reverse is very deep The entire plate with the grips is surrounded by a border of chip impressions At the base of the handle above the grips is an engraved pubic triangle It is separated from the main field by another chip border In the main field stamped spirals linked together by engraved lines surround a ship which is engraved slightly below centre opposite the handle The hull and an upward pointing prow are depicted by engraved double lines There is a fish symbol and two banners on the high prow Above and below the hull oars or rudders are suggested by slanting lines a different number on each side 1 A unique feature compared to other frying pans is the orientation of the ship It is the only known depiction of a ship with a high prow which is usually identified as the bow at the left end 2 Except for a broken edge of the rim about 10 cm long the frying pan is fully intact 3 It is made of a dark red strong and coarse grained clay The slip on the outside is well applied but slightly spotty On the inside it is darker The quality of the work has been considered to be accomplished with great care and skill 4 Meaning editFrying pans of the Chalandriani type are part of the final development of this form of ceramics and are dated to FC II Their predecessors of the Aplomata type differ clearly in the tendency to circular bodies and in grip shape By contrast the frying pans of the Chalandriani type have an oval body and usually have little footed handles The decorations known from the Aplomata type like star motifs and interconnected spirals are often added to depictions of ships on spiral backgrounds 5 At least ten frying pans with depictions of ships are known from the cemetery of Syros 6 one example has two ships The individual ship depictions appear to be the product of only a few artists 7 Chalandriani frying pans are further decorated with carving in the form of female genitalia the so called pubic triangle Normally this takes the form of a triangular pattern with a central vertical line at the base of the handle Examples are even known on the other side of the handle 8 Bibliography editJorg Rambach 2000 Kykladen I Die fruhe Bronzezeit Grab und Siedlungsbefunde Bonn Habelt p 76 ISBN 3 7749 2831 2 Table 28 John E Coleman 1985 Frying Pans of the Early Bronze Age Aegean American Journal of Archaeology Vol 89 no 2 p 208 Jurgen Thimme ed 1976 Kunst und Kultur der Kykladeninseln im 3 Jahrtausend vor Christus C F Muller Karlsruhe pp 111 116 ISBN 3 7880 9568 7 Christos Tsountas Kykladika II In He En Athenais Archaiologike Hetaireia Ed Ephemeris archaiologike 1899 pp 73 134 86 90 Digitalised S 85 86 References edit Coleman 1976 in Thimme p 116 Coleman 1985 p 208 Rambach Table 28 Coleman 1985 S 207 Ekschmitt 1993 Ill 25 p 59 Rambach 2000 Tbl 28 description and drawing Werner Ekschmitt 1993 Die Kykladen Bronzezeit geometrische und archaische Zeit Mainz Philipp von Zabern p 80 ISBN 3 8053 1533 3 Rambach 2000b pp 275 284 Eva Alram Stern Ed Die Agaische Fruhzeit 2 Serie Forschungsbericht 1975 2002 Die Fruhbronzezeit in Griechenland mit Ausnahme von Kreta Verlag der osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften Wien 2004 ISBN 978 3 7001 3268 4 p 354 Coleman 1985 p 205 Coleman 1985 p 198 Coleman 1985 p 196External links editFrying pan vessel 4974 National Archive of Monuments Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Frying pan NAMA 4974 amp oldid 1189094425, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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