The Froment du Léon is an endangered French breed of dairy cattle from the coastal region of northern Brittany, in the north-west of France.[4]: 235 It is named for the historic Viscounty of Léon, in the départements of Côtes-d'Armor and Finistère in the extreme north-west of Brittany. It is valued for the quality of its milk, which is yellow and high in fat, and is particularly suitable for making into butter.
In the early years of the twentieth century there were some 35 000 Froment du Léon cattle. A herd-book was opened in 1907.[2]: 179 Froment du Léon cows participated in the Concours Général Agricole de Paris between 1914 and 1939.[5] In 1950 the breed population was about 25 000, but fell rapidly thereafter due to competition from other dairy breeds, first the Normande and later the Friesian. In 1968 there were only 2500 head, and by 1977 no more than 50 cows remained. From about 1960 there was some limited cross-breeding with Guernsey stock from the United Kingdom and from Canada.[3]
A new breed society, the Syndicat d'Éleveurs Froment du Léon, was formed in 1981, and a recovery and conservation project was launched following the discovery in 1978 of a small number of surviving animals in the historic Goëlo [fr] region of the Côtes-d'Armor.[6] The Froment du Léon was listed by the FAO as "endangered-maintained" in 2007.[1]: 41 By 2010 there were 276 cows in 97 farms.[2]: 179 In 2014 the total population was reported to be 314.[7]
Characteristicsedit
The coat of the Froment du Léon is wheat-coloured; there may be some white markings. The muzzle and mucosa are pale. Cows weigh about 500 kg and stand about 130 cm at the withers.[3]
Useedit
The Froment du Léon is a dairy breed. Milk production is around 3500 kg[3] in a lactation of 305 days.[3] The milk is rich in beta-carotene, which gives it a yellow colour. It has a high fat content, almost 5.5%, which makes it particularly suitable for butter-making.[2]: 179
Referencesedit
^ abBarbara Rischkowsky, D. Pilling (eds.) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN9789251057629. Accessed November 2016.
^ abcdValerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN9781780647944.
^ abcdef (in French). Bureau des Ressources Génétiques. Archived 2 March 2015.
^ abMarie Dervillé, Stéphane Patin, Laurent Avon (2009). Races bovines de France: origine, standard, sélection (in French). Paris: Éditions France Agricole. ISBN9782855571515.
^Lucie Markey-Teneze, Delphine Duclos (2010). La Froment du Léon (in French). Institut de l'Elevage. Accessed November 2016.
^Race bovine froment du Léon (in French). Fondazione Slow Food. Accessed November 2016.
^Breed data sheet: Froment du Léon/France. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed November 2016.
December 15, 2023
froment, léon, endangered, french, breed, dairy, cattle, from, coastal, region, northern, brittany, north, west, france, named, historic, viscounty, léon, départements, côtes, armor, finistère, extreme, north, west, brittany, valued, quality, milk, which, yell. The Froment du Leon is an endangered French breed of dairy cattle from the coastal region of northern Brittany in the north west of France 4 235 It is named for the historic Viscounty of Leon in the departements of Cotes d Armor and Finistere in the extreme north west of Brittany It is valued for the quality of its milk which is yellow and high in fat and is particularly suitable for making into butter Froment du LeonCow at the Ecomusee du Pays de Rennes fr Conservation statusFAO 2007 endangered maintained 1 41 Country of originFranceDistributionnorthern BrittanyUsemilkTraitsWeightMale 600 800 kg 2 179 Female 500 kg 3 HeightFemale 130 cm 3 Coatwheaten sometimes with white patches 4 235 Horn statushorned in both sexesCattleBos primigenius taurus Contents 1 History 2 Characteristics 3 Use 4 ReferencesHistory editIn the early years of the twentieth century there were some 35 000 Froment du Leon cattle A herd book was opened in 1907 2 179 Froment du Leon cows participated in the Concours General Agricole de Paris between 1914 and 1939 5 In 1950 the breed population was about 25 000 but fell rapidly thereafter due to competition from other dairy breeds first the Normande and later the Friesian In 1968 there were only 2500 head and by 1977 no more than 50 cows remained From about 1960 there was some limited cross breeding with Guernsey stock from the United Kingdom and from Canada 3 A new breed society the Syndicat d Eleveurs Froment du Leon was formed in 1981 and a recovery and conservation project was launched following the discovery in 1978 of a small number of surviving animals in the historic Goelo fr region of the Cotes d Armor 6 The Froment du Leon was listed by the FAO as endangered maintained in 2007 1 41 By 2010 there were 276 cows in 97 farms 2 179 In 2014 the total population was reported to be 314 7 Characteristics editThe coat of the Froment du Leon is wheat coloured there may be some white markings The muzzle and mucosa are pale Cows weigh about 500 kg and stand about 130 cm at the withers 3 Use editThe Froment du Leon is a dairy breed Milk production is around 3500 kg 3 in a lactation of 305 days 3 The milk is rich in beta carotene which gives it a yellow colour It has a high fat content almost 5 5 which makes it particularly suitable for butter making 2 179 References edit a b Barbara Rischkowsky D Pilling eds 2007 List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources annex to The State of the World s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Rome Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ISBN 9789251057629 Accessed November 2016 a b c d Valerie Porter Lawrence Alderson Stephen J G Hall D Phillip Sponenberg 2016 Mason s World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding sixth edition Wallingford CABI ISBN 9781780647944 a b c d e f Etude de la race bovine Froment du Leon in French Bureau des Ressources Genetiques Archived 2 March 2015 a b Marie Derville Stephane Patin Laurent Avon 2009 Races bovines de France origine standard selection in French Paris Editions France Agricole ISBN 9782855571515 Lucie Markey Teneze Delphine Duclos 2010 La Froment du Leon in French Institut de l Elevage Accessed November 2016 Race bovine froment du Leon in French Fondazione Slow Food Accessed November 2016 Breed data sheet Froment du Leon France Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Accessed November 2016 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Froment du Leon amp oldid 1159412859, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
