Friedrich Konrad Beilstein (Russian: Фёдор Фёдорович Бейльштейн; 17 February 1838 – 18 October 1906), was a Russian chemist and founder of the famous Handbuch der organischen Chemie (Handbook of Organic Chemistry). The first edition of this work, published in 1881, covered 1,500 compounds in 2,200 pages. This handbook is now known as the Beilstein database.[1]
Beilstein was born in Saint Petersburg in a family of German descent. Although he mastered the Russian language, he was educated in a German school. At the age of 15, he left for the University of Heidelberg where he studied chemistry under the tuition of Robert Bunsen. After two years he moved to the University of Munich and became a pupil of Justus Liebig, but soon returned to Heidelberg. There he acquired an interest and preference for organic chemistry, which became his major. For his Ph.D., Beilstein joined Friedrich Wöhler at the University of Göttingen, receiving his doctorate in February 1858, two days before his twentieth birthday. To increase his skill and experience he went to Paris to work with Adolphe Wurtz and Charles Friedel. In autumn of 1859, he accepted an invitation for a post of laboratory assistant at the University of Breslau offered to him by Carl Jacob Löwig, but soon changed it for Göttingen. There he became Privatdozent and lectured in organic chemistry. In 1865 he received the title of "Professor Extraordinarius" (i.e. assistant professor). In addition, he became editor of the journal the Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie.[1] His research in that time was focused on the isomerism of the derivatives of the benzene series. In particular, he discovered the relations between chlorotoluene and benzyl chloride.
In Göttingen, Beilstein began to collect systematic notes on organic compounds which finally led to the production of his famous handbook published in Hamburg. The first edition, which Beilstein compiled single-handedly, appeared in 1881–83 in two volumes, and was rapidly exhausted. The second edition began to appear in 1886 and filled three volumes of larger size than the first. The third edition was commenced in 1893, and its four volumes became unwieldy. It was finished in 1900, and has been supplemented by four large volumes of additions edited by the German Chemical Society, which became the proprietor of the handbook.[1] S.R Heller. The Beilstein Online Database An Introduction. The Beilstein Online Database ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1990.[1]
In 1866, Beilstein returned to St. Petersburg where he became professor of chemistry at the Imperial Technological Institute. There he continued his research on isomerism of the aromatic series. In 1881, Beilstein became a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a position associated with a good income, a private dwelling and a laboratory. Leicester points out that Beilstein favoured the election of Dmitri Mendeleev, but Mendeleev's candidacy never succeeded.[2] Shortly after his election Beilstein left professorship for research, the compilation of his handbook and his favourite hobby, music. He was also very fond of travelling and spent several months each year in Europe. Beilstein remained a bachelor all his life, but adopted a daughter who was his companion in later years. He died suddenly, of apoplectic attack in 1906.[1]
Referencesedit
This article incorporates text from Obituary notices, by Otto N. Witt (1853–1915), a publication from 1911, now in the public domain in the United States.
^ abcdeOtto N. Witt (1911). "Obituary notices: Friedrich Konrad Beilstein, 1838–1906; Emil Erlenmeyer, 1825–1909; Rudolph Fittig, 1835–1910; Hans Heinrich Landolt, 1831–1910; Nikolai Alexandrovitsch Menschutkin, 1842–1907; Sir Walter Palmer, Bart., 1858–1910". J. Chem. Soc., Trans. 99: 1646–1668. doi:10.1039/CT9119901646.
^Leicester, Henry M. (1948). "Mendeleev and the Russian Academy of Sciences". Journal of Chemical Education. 25 (8): 439–444. Bibcode:1948JChEd..25..439L. doi:10.1021/ed025p439.
Further readingedit
Huntress, Ernest H. (1938). "1938: The One Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of Friedrich Konrad Beilstein (1838–1906)". Journal of Chemical Education. 15 (7): 303–309. Bibcode:1938JChEd..15..303H. doi:10.1021/ed015p303.
Otto Krätz (1970). "Das Portrait: Friedrich Konrad Beilstein 1838–1906". Chemie in unserer Zeit. 4 (4): 115–119. doi:10.1002/ciuz.19700040404.
Richter, Friedrich (1938). "How Beilstein is Made". Journal of Chemical Education. 15 (7): 310–316. Bibcode:1938JChEd..15..310R. doi:10.1021/ed015p310.
April 10, 2024
friedrich, konrad, beilstein, russian, Фёдор, Фёдорович, Бейльштейн, february, 1838, october, 1906, russian, chemist, founder, famous, handbuch, organischen, chemie, handbook, organic, chemistry, first, edition, this, work, published, 1881, covered, compounds,. Friedrich Konrad Beilstein Russian Fyodor Fyodorovich Bejlshtejn 17 February 1838 18 October 1906 was a Russian chemist and founder of the famous Handbuch der organischen Chemie Handbook of Organic Chemistry The first edition of this work published in 1881 covered 1 500 compounds in 2 200 pages This handbook is now known as the Beilstein database 1 Friedrich Konrad BeilsteinBorn 1838 02 17 17 February 1838Saint Petersburg Russian EmpireDied18 October 1906 1906 10 18 aged 68 Saint Petersburg Russian EmpireOther namesFyodor Fyodorovich Bejlshtejn Russian EducationUniversity of HeidelbergKnown forBeilstein databaseBeilstein testLife editBeilstein was born in Saint Petersburg in a family of German descent Although he mastered the Russian language he was educated in a German school At the age of 15 he left for the University of Heidelberg where he studied chemistry under the tuition of Robert Bunsen After two years he moved to the University of Munich and became a pupil of Justus Liebig but soon returned to Heidelberg There he acquired an interest and preference for organic chemistry which became his major For his Ph D Beilstein joined Friedrich Wohler at the University of Gottingen receiving his doctorate in February 1858 two days before his twentieth birthday To increase his skill and experience he went to Paris to work with Adolphe Wurtz and Charles Friedel In autumn of 1859 he accepted an invitation for a post of laboratory assistant at the University of Breslau offered to him by Carl Jacob Lowig but soon changed it for Gottingen There he became Privatdozent and lectured in organic chemistry In 1865 he received the title of Professor Extraordinarius i e assistant professor In addition he became editor of the journal the Zeitschrift fur anorganische und allgemeine Chemie 1 His research in that time was focused on the isomerism of the derivatives of the benzene series In particular he discovered the relations between chlorotoluene and benzyl chloride In Gottingen Beilstein began to collect systematic notes on organic compounds which finally led to the production of his famous handbook published in Hamburg The first edition which Beilstein compiled single handedly appeared in 1881 83 in two volumes and was rapidly exhausted The second edition began to appear in 1886 and filled three volumes of larger size than the first The third edition was commenced in 1893 and its four volumes became unwieldy It was finished in 1900 and has been supplemented by four large volumes of additions edited by the German Chemical Society which became the proprietor of the handbook 1 S R Heller The Beilstein Online Database An Introduction The Beilstein Online Database ACS Symposium Series American Chemical Society Washington DC 1990 1 In 1866 Beilstein returned to St Petersburg where he became professor of chemistry at the Imperial Technological Institute There he continued his research on isomerism of the aromatic series In 1881 Beilstein became a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences a position associated with a good income a private dwelling and a laboratory Leicester points out that Beilstein favoured the election of Dmitri Mendeleev but Mendeleev s candidacy never succeeded 2 Shortly after his election Beilstein left professorship for research the compilation of his handbook and his favourite hobby music He was also very fond of travelling and spent several months each year in Europe Beilstein remained a bachelor all his life but adopted a daughter who was his companion in later years He died suddenly of apoplectic attack in 1906 1 References edit nbsp This article incorporates text fromObituary notices by Otto N Witt 1853 1915 a publication from 1911 now in the public domain in the United States a b c d e Otto N Witt 1911 Obituary notices Friedrich Konrad Beilstein 1838 1906 Emil Erlenmeyer 1825 1909 Rudolph Fittig 1835 1910 Hans Heinrich Landolt 1831 1910 Nikolai Alexandrovitsch Menschutkin 1842 1907 Sir Walter Palmer Bart 1858 1910 J Chem Soc Trans 99 1646 1668 doi 10 1039 CT9119901646 Leicester Henry M 1948 Mendeleev and the Russian Academy of Sciences Journal of Chemical Education 25 8 439 444 Bibcode 1948JChEd 25 439L doi 10 1021 ed025p439 Further reading editHuntress Ernest H 1938 1938 The One Hundredth Anniversary of the Birth of Friedrich Konrad Beilstein 1838 1906 Journal of Chemical Education 15 7 303 309 Bibcode 1938JChEd 15 303H doi 10 1021 ed015p303 Otto Kratz 1970 Das Portrait Friedrich Konrad Beilstein 1838 1906 Chemie in unserer Zeit 4 4 115 119 doi 10 1002 ciuz 19700040404 Richter Friedrich 1938 How Beilstein is Made Journal of Chemical Education 15 7 310 316 Bibcode 1938JChEd 15 310R doi 10 1021 ed015p310 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Friedrich Konrad Beilstein amp oldid 1194584032, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
