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Frieda Nadig

November 03, 2023

Friederike Nadig (11 December 1897 – 14 August 1970) was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). One of the four women members of the Parlamentarischer Rat who drafted the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany in 1948/49, she was one of the Mothers of the Basic Law [de].

Frieda Nadig in 1948 or 1949 during her time at the Parlamentarischer Rat. Photo by Erna Wagner-Hehmke [de] (1905-1992)

Life edit

Friederike Charlotte Louise Nadig was born in Herford on 11 December 1897. Her father Wilhelm Nadig, a joiner,[1] was a SPD politician who served in the Landtag of Prussia from 1919 to 1931.[2] Her mother Luise Henriette Friederike Drewes was a seamstress.[1] After being educated at a Bürgerschule, Nadig completed vocational training as a sales clerk at the Konsumverein Herford co-operative and worked as saleswoman from 1914 to 1920.[3] From 1920 to 1922 she studied at the Social Women's School of Alice Salomon in Berlin, where she qualified as a social worker.[3] From 1922, she was a youth social worker in the city of Bielefeld social office and volunteered in the Arbeiterwohlfahrt (Worker's Welfare), a social aid organisation.[1] In May 1933, Nadig was summarily dismissed from her job for "unreliability"[3][4] based on her "Marxist attitude"[5] and the Nazi Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service.[1] After three years of unemployment and difficulties caused by the political reasons for her dismissal,[5] she found a position at the public health office of Ahrweiler in early 1936 and stayed there until the end of the war,[2] using her influence to protect people against Nazi euthanasia laws.[6][5]

 
Reconstructed shelter in the Silberbergtunnel

In 1944/45, she was among those 2500 Ahrweiler residents who temporarily lived in the Silberbergtunnel [de], a tunnel (part of the never-finished Strategic Railway Embankment) in a nearby mountain that was used as shelter from Allied bomb attacks.[7] In 1946, after a query by Nadig, the city of Bielefeld annulled her 1933 dismissal,[5] but Nadig took a salaried position at the Arbeiterwohlfahrt Westfalen-Ost instead, where she was involved in the creation of retirement homes and childcare facilities. She retired from the Arbeiterwohlfahrt in 1966, as managing director of the regional office.[3] Nadig died in Bad Oeynhausen on 14 August 1970.[1][3]

Political career edit

Nadig became a member of the Arbeiterjugend (worker's youth) in 1914 and joined the SPD in 1916.[3] After gaining reputation as an expert for youth and women's issues within the regional SPD,[3] she was elected a member of the provincial diet of Westphalia in 1929 and again in 1933, shortly before the provincial diet was dissolved.[5] In the Nazi era, she was not allowed to be active politically.[3]

After the end of the war, Nadig helped rebuild the SPD in Bielefeld and in Ostwestfalen.[2][8] In 1947, she became a member of the British Occupation Zone's Zonal Advisory Council [de] and was later elected member of the Landtag of North Rhine-Westphalia,[3] serving from 20 April 1947 to 17 June 1950.[9] In 1948, she was sent to the Parlamentarischer Rat in Bonn as a representative of North Rhine-Westphalia.[2]

Nadig was a member of the Bundestag from 1949 to 1961, winning election as first-past-the post candidate three times,[10] in the constituencies of Bielefeld-Stadt and Bielefeld-Halle.[2] Her main political work was on women's equality in marriage and family law.[3]

Influence on the Parliamentary Council edit

Nadig was one of only four women members of the Parliamentary Council,[11] the four "Mothers of the Basic Law".[12] She was one of 12 members of the Grundsatzausschuss, the committee responsible for foundational principles.[13][14] She and Elisabeth Selbert were instrumental in having equal rights for women included in the Basic Law, and it was Nadig who proposed the SPD amendment motion to include the sentence "men and women have equal rights"[12] in the committee session on 30 November 1948. It was rejected by the committee on that day and by the Hauptausschuss, the coordinating committee, on 3 December 1948.[5] Selbert and Nadig organised a wide-ranging protest of women across German society, and a large number of letters and resolutions by women and women's organisations reached the Parliamentary Council.[15] The coordinating committee then passed the equal rights amendment unanimously on 18 January 1949.[5] Nadig attempted to explicitly include the right to equal pay, but the coordinating committee decided this was already implicit in the equal rights statement,[16] however, this turned out not to be the case in practice.[5]

Nadig also attempted to guarantee equal rights for children born out of wedlock[13] and worked to secure the right for conscientious objection in the Basic Law.[17][18]

References edit

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ a b c d e BMFSJ 2019, p. 9.
  2. ^ a b c d e Strotdrees 2009.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Haunhorst & Trösch.
  4. ^ Schmitt 2009.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h Notz 2011.
  6. ^ Janta.
  7. ^ Schmitt 2019.
  8. ^ Lange 2008.
  9. ^ Nordrhein-Westfalen.
  10. ^ Wissenschaftlicher Dienst des Deutschen Bundestags 1998.
  11. ^ Feldkamp 2019, p. 47.
  12. ^ a b Heimgartner 2006, p. 231.
  13. ^ a b BMFSJ 2019, p. 7.
  14. ^ Feldkamp 2019, p. 69.
  15. ^ BMFSJ 2019, p. 11.
  16. ^ Ruhl 1994, p. 224.
  17. ^ Feldkamp 2019, p. 74.
  18. ^ Bernhard 2009, p. 28.

Bibliography edit

  • Bernhard, Patrick (16 December 2009). Zivildienst zwischen Reform und Revolte: Eine bundesdeutsche Institution im gesellschaftlichen Wandel 1961-1982 (in German). Oldenbourg Verlag. ISBN 978-3-486-59523-9.
  • BMFSJ, ed. (2019). Mütter des Grundgesetzes (in German) (13th ed.). Berlin: Bundesministerium für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend, Referat Öffentlichkeitsarbeit.
  • Feldkamp, Michael F. (15 April 2019). Der Parlamentarische Rat 1948–1949: Die Entstehung des Grundgesetzes (in German). Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. ISBN 978-3-647-10565-9.
  • Haunhorst, Regina; Trösch, Sven. "Biografie Frieda Nadig". Lebendiges Museum Online (in German). Stiftung Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  • Heimgartner, Arno (2006). Face of Research on European Social Development. LIT Verlag Münster. ISBN 978-3-8258-8984-5.
  • Janta, Leonhard. "Frieda Nadig". www.kreis-ahrweiler.de. Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  • Lange, Prof Dr Erhard H. M. (September 2008). "Friederike Nadig (SPD) | bpb". bpb.de (in German). Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  • Nordrhein-Westfalen, Landtag. "Landtag NRW: Detailansicht der Abgeordneten Friederike Nadig". www.landtag.nrw.de (in German). Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  • Notz, Gisela (31 May 2011). "Female Social Democrats on the Parliamentary Council". Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research (in German). 12 (2). doi:10.17169/fqs-12.2.1666. ISSN 1438-5627.
  • Ruhl, Klaus-Jörg (1994). Verordnete Unterordnung: berufstätige Frauen zwischen Wirtschaftswachstum und konservativer Ideologie in der Nachkriegszeit (1945-1963) (in German). Oldenbourg Verlag. ISBN 978-3-486-56072-5.
  • Schmitt, Günther (23 March 2009). "Eine Frau der ersten Stunde". General-Anzeiger (in German). Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  • Schmitt, Günther (4 May 2019). "Schutz vor den Nazis in Ahrweiler: Grundgesetz trägt auch Frieda Nadigs Handschrift". General-Anzeiger (in German). Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  • Strotdrees, Gisbert (1 August 2009). ""Mütter", die kaum einer nennt" (in German). Retrieved 24 February 2020.
  • Wissenschaftlicher Dienst des Deutschen Bundestags (1998). "Deutscher Bundestag: Web-Archiv". webarchiv.bundestag.de. Retrieved 25 February 2020.

November 03, 2023
frieda, nadig, friederike, nadig, december, 1897, august, 1970, german, politician, social, democratic, party, four, women, members, parlamentarischer, drafted, basic, federal, republic, germany, 1948, mothers, basic, 1948, 1949, during, time, parlamentarische. Friederike Nadig 11 December 1897 14 August 1970 was a German politician of the Social Democratic Party SPD One of the four women members of the Parlamentarischer Rat who drafted the Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany in 1948 49 she was one of the Mothers of the Basic Law de Frieda Nadig in 1948 or 1949 during her time at the Parlamentarischer Rat Photo by Erna Wagner Hehmke de 1905 1992 Contents 1 Life 2 Political career 3 Influence on the Parliamentary Council 4 References 4 1 Footnotes 4 2 BibliographyLife editFriederike Charlotte Louise Nadig was born in Herford on 11 December 1897 Her father Wilhelm Nadig a joiner 1 was a SPD politician who served in the Landtag of Prussia from 1919 to 1931 2 Her mother Luise Henriette Friederike Drewes was a seamstress 1 After being educated at a Burgerschule Nadig completed vocational training as a sales clerk at the Konsumverein Herford co operative and worked as saleswoman from 1914 to 1920 3 From 1920 to 1922 she studied at the Social Women s School of Alice Salomon in Berlin where she qualified as a social worker 3 From 1922 she was a youth social worker in the city of Bielefeld social office and volunteered in the Arbeiterwohlfahrt Worker s Welfare a social aid organisation 1 In May 1933 Nadig was summarily dismissed from her job for unreliability 3 4 based on her Marxist attitude 5 and the Nazi Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service 1 After three years of unemployment and difficulties caused by the political reasons for her dismissal 5 she found a position at the public health office of Ahrweiler in early 1936 and stayed there until the end of the war 2 using her influence to protect people against Nazi euthanasia laws 6 5 nbsp Reconstructed shelter in the SilberbergtunnelIn 1944 45 she was among those 2500 Ahrweiler residents who temporarily lived in the Silberbergtunnel de a tunnel part of the never finished Strategic Railway Embankment in a nearby mountain that was used as shelter from Allied bomb attacks 7 In 1946 after a query by Nadig the city of Bielefeld annulled her 1933 dismissal 5 but Nadig took a salaried position at the Arbeiterwohlfahrt Westfalen Ost instead where she was involved in the creation of retirement homes and childcare facilities She retired from the Arbeiterwohlfahrt in 1966 as managing director of the regional office 3 Nadig died in Bad Oeynhausen on 14 August 1970 1 3 Political career editNadig became a member of the Arbeiterjugend worker s youth in 1914 and joined the SPD in 1916 3 After gaining reputation as an expert for youth and women s issues within the regional SPD 3 she was elected a member of the provincial diet of Westphalia in 1929 and again in 1933 shortly before the provincial diet was dissolved 5 In the Nazi era she was not allowed to be active politically 3 After the end of the war Nadig helped rebuild the SPD in Bielefeld and in Ostwestfalen 2 8 In 1947 she became a member of the British Occupation Zone s Zonal Advisory Council de and was later elected member of the Landtag of North Rhine Westphalia 3 serving from 20 April 1947 to 17 June 1950 9 In 1948 she was sent to the Parlamentarischer Rat in Bonn as a representative of North Rhine Westphalia 2 Nadig was a member of the Bundestag from 1949 to 1961 winning election as first past the post candidate three times 10 in the constituencies of Bielefeld Stadt and Bielefeld Halle 2 Her main political work was on women s equality in marriage and family law 3 Influence on the Parliamentary Council editNadig was one of only four women members of the Parliamentary Council 11 the four Mothers of the Basic Law 12 She was one of 12 members of the Grundsatzausschuss the committee responsible for foundational principles 13 14 She and Elisabeth Selbert were instrumental in having equal rights for women included in the Basic Law and it was Nadig who proposed the SPD amendment motion to include the sentence men and women have equal rights 12 in the committee session on 30 November 1948 It was rejected by the committee on that day and by the Hauptausschuss the coordinating committee on 3 December 1948 5 Selbert and Nadig organised a wide ranging protest of women across German society and a large number of letters and resolutions by women and women s organisations reached the Parliamentary Council 15 The coordinating committee then passed the equal rights amendment unanimously on 18 January 1949 5 Nadig attempted to explicitly include the right to equal pay but the coordinating committee decided this was already implicit in the equal rights statement 16 however this turned out not to be the case in practice 5 Nadig also attempted to guarantee equal rights for children born out of wedlock 13 and worked to secure the right for conscientious objection in the Basic Law 17 18 References editFootnotes edit a b c d e BMFSJ 2019 p 9 a b c d e Strotdrees 2009 a b c d e f g h i j Haunhorst amp Trosch Schmitt 2009 a b c d e f g h Notz 2011 Janta Schmitt 2019 Lange 2008 Nordrhein Westfalen Wissenschaftlicher Dienst des Deutschen Bundestags 1998 Feldkamp 2019 p 47 a b Heimgartner 2006 p 231 a b BMFSJ 2019 p 7 Feldkamp 2019 p 69 BMFSJ 2019 p 11 Ruhl 1994 p 224 Feldkamp 2019 p 74 Bernhard 2009 p 28 Bibliography edit Bernhard Patrick 16 December 2009 Zivildienst zwischen Reform und Revolte Eine bundesdeutsche Institution im gesellschaftlichen Wandel 1961 1982 in German Oldenbourg Verlag ISBN 978 3 486 59523 9 BMFSJ ed 2019 Mutter des Grundgesetzes in German 13th ed Berlin Bundesministerium fur Familie Senioren Frauen und Jugend Referat Offentlichkeitsarbeit Feldkamp Michael F 15 April 2019 Der Parlamentarische Rat 1948 1949 Die Entstehung des Grundgesetzes in German Vandenhoeck amp Ruprecht ISBN 978 3 647 10565 9 Haunhorst Regina Trosch Sven Biografie Frieda Nadig Lebendiges Museum Online in German Stiftung Haus der Geschichte der Bundesrepublik Deutschland Retrieved 24 February 2020 Heimgartner Arno 2006 Face of Research on European Social Development LIT Verlag Munster ISBN 978 3 8258 8984 5 Janta Leonhard Frieda Nadig www kreis ahrweiler de Retrieved 24 February 2020 Lange Prof Dr Erhard H M September 2008 Friederike Nadig SPD bpb bpb de in German Retrieved 24 February 2020 Nordrhein Westfalen Landtag Landtag NRW Detailansicht der Abgeordneten Friederike Nadig www landtag nrw de in German Retrieved 24 February 2020 Notz Gisela 31 May 2011 Female Social Democrats on the Parliamentary Council Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung Forum Qualitative Social Research in German 12 2 doi 10 17169 fqs 12 2 1666 ISSN 1438 5627 Ruhl Klaus Jorg 1994 Verordnete Unterordnung berufstatige Frauen zwischen Wirtschaftswachstum und konservativer Ideologie in der Nachkriegszeit 1945 1963 in German Oldenbourg Verlag ISBN 978 3 486 56072 5 Schmitt Gunther 23 March 2009 Eine Frau der ersten Stunde General Anzeiger in German Retrieved 24 February 2020 Schmitt Gunther 4 May 2019 Schutz vor den Nazis in Ahrweiler Grundgesetz tragt auch Frieda Nadigs Handschrift General Anzeiger in German Retrieved 24 February 2020 Strotdrees Gisbert 1 August 2009 Mutter die kaum einer nennt in German Retrieved 24 February 2020 Wissenschaftlicher Dienst des Deutschen Bundestags 1998 Deutscher Bundestag Web Archiv webarchiv bundestag de Retrieved 25 February 2020 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Frieda Nadig amp oldid 1179485855, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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