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Frederic Goudy

January 23, 2023

Frederic William Goudy (/ˈɡaʊdi/,[2] March 8, 1865 – May 11, 1947) was an American printer, artist and type designer whose typefaces include Copperplate Gothic, Goudy Old Style and Kennerley.[3] He was one of the most prolific of American type designers and his self-named type continues to be one of the most popular in America.

Frederic Goudy
Frederic W. Goudy in 1924
Born
Frederic William Goudy

(1865-03-08)March 8, 1865
Bloomington, Illinois, U.S.
DiedMay 11, 1947(1947-05-11) (aged 82)
Marlborough, New York, U.S.
Occupation(s)Printer, artist, type designer
Known for
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1897; died 1935)​
[1]

Biography

 
A brochure cover hand-lettered by Goudy in the early 1900s.

Goudy was not always a type designer. "At 40, this short, plump, pinkish, and puckish gentleman kept books for a Chicago realtor, and considered himself a failure. During the next 36 years, starting almost from scratch at an age when most men are permanently set in their chosen vocations, he cut 113 fonts of type, thereby creating more usable faces than did the seven greatest inventors of type and books, from Gutenberg to Garamond."[4]

Asked how to say his name, he told The Literary Digest "When I was a boy my father spelled our name 'Gowdy' which didn't offer any particular reason for verbal gymnastics. Later learning that the old Scots spelling was 'Goudy,' he changed to that form, while I, for some years, retained the old way. My brother in Chicago still spells with the w. However, I find that occasionally a stranger pronounces the word with ou as long o in go, sometimes as ou in soup, or goo and less frequently with the ou as oo in good. I retain the original pronunciation with ou as in out."[2]

 
"Printing" by William Morris, as reprinted by the Village Press, run by Goudy with Will Ransom, c. 1903

After teaching lettering and becoming known as an advertising designer in Chicago, Goudy built his reputation as a type designer. In 1895 he founded his printing shop, Booklet Press (later renamed Camelot Press).[5] Goudy designed his first typeface, Camelot, in 1896. In 1903, Goudy and Will Ransom founded the Village Press in Park Ridge, Illinois. The typeface used for the Village Press, dubbed "Village" was originally created in 1903 for the Chicago clothing manufacturer, Kuppenheimer & Company.[6] This venture was modeled on the Arts and Crafts movement ideals of William Morris, whose Golden Type many of Goudy's earliest designs echo. It was moved to Boston, and then New York. In 1908, he created his first significant typeface for the Lanston Monotype Machine Company: E-38, sometimes known as Goudy Light. However, in that same year the Village Press burned to the ground, destroying all of his equipment and designs. In 1911, Goudy produced his first "hit", Kennerley Old Style, for an H. G. Wells anthology published by Mitchell Kennerley. This success was followed by Goudy's release of the titling letter Forum. Both Kennerley and Forum were cut for private use. Although Goudy was one of the first type designers to become established without working for a foundry, the American Type Founders Company (ATF) became interested in Goudy after his release of Kennerley and Forum. ATF commissioned Goudy to create a typeface. Goudy agreed "on the condition that his original drawings would not be subjected to interference by the founder's drawing room".[6] This commission would become Goudy Old Style. Goudy Old Style was released in 1915 and became an instant success. (cite) It was well suited for newspaper's advertising sections because of its efficient use of space. ATF continued to expand the Goudy 'family' to Goudy Title in 1917, Goudy Bold in 1920, Goudy Catalogue in 1921, Goudy Handtooled in 1922 and Goudy Extrabold in 1927. Goudy types were clearly very lucrative for ATF, but Goudy did not receive anything because he had sold his original design for $1,500 instead of entering into a royalty agreement.[6] ATF's refusal to give Goudy compensation for the success of the Goudy family led to the deterioration of Goudy's relationship with ATF. The only other typefaces Goudy designed for ATF was Goudytype, and series of initial letters, named Cloister Initials.[6]

From 1920 to 1947, Goudy was art director for Lanston Monotype. Although he continued to design for Monotype throughout this period, Goudy withdrew to his workshop in Marlborough, New York, which he dubbed the Village Letter Foundery. Goudy withdrew partly because he believed that the methods the Monotype firm used to transfer his designs to matrices compromised his work. "All of Goudy's types were drawn freehand, without the use of compass, straightedge or French curve."(cite)[6] It was at the Village Letter Foundery (his workshop) that Goudy created the majority of his prolific work. In 1939, the Village Letter Foundery was destroyed by fire and much of his work was lost. Two of his most successful designs created for Monotype, Deepdene and Goudy Text, were not destroyed. Beginning in 1927, Goudy was a vice-president of the Continental Type Founders Association, which distributed many of his faces.

Goudy was widely known from 1915 to 1940 mainly because of the success of his typefaces, but also because he gave many lectures and speeches on "the great love he had for letter forms". Goudy was known to rarely turn down a speaking engagement. In 1940 he was appointed lecturer at Syracuse University's S. I. Newhouse School of Public Communications. An excerpt from a lecture he gave to the annual convention of the International Club of Printing House Craftsmen in New York in 1939 highlights Goudy's practicality and love for letterform. "My craft is a simple one. For nearly forty years I have endeavored constantly to create a greater and more general esteem for good printing and typography, to give printers and reader of print more legible and more beautiful types than were hitherto available."[6] By the end of his life, Goudy had designed 122 typefaces and published 59 literary works. He worked extensively with his wife Bertha M. Goudy, who particularly collaborated with him on printing projects in which she acted as a compositor of type. The couple had a son, Frederic T. Goudy.

It has been claimed that Goudy was the originator of the well-known statement, "Anyone who would letterspace lowercase would steal sheep."[7]

Typefaces

Main article: List of typefaces designed by Frederic Goudy
 
Specimens of typefaces designed by Frederic Goudy
 
A sample advertisement made with Kennerley Old Style, from a 1915 typeface catalogue

Goudy was the third most prolific designer of metal type in the United States (behind Morris Fuller Benton and R. Hunter Middleton), with ninety faces actually cut and cast, and many more designs completed.[8] His most famous were Copperplate Gothic and Goudy Old Style.[9] Besides printing, he also worked on numerous hand-lettering projects (especially early in his career) and created a large set of ampersands for an article on the topic.[10]

Goudy's career was influenced by the Arts and Crafts movement and the growth of fine book printing in the United States. At a time when printing types had become quite mechanical and geometric under the influence of Didone designs such as Bodoni, Goudy spent his career developing old-style serifs often influenced by the printing of the Italian Renaissance and calligraphy, with a characteristic warmth and irregularity. His neighbour, Eric Sloane, recalled that he also took inspiration from hand-painted signs.[11] In contrast to his great contemporary Morris Fuller Benton, he generally avoided sans-serif designs, though he did create the nearly sans-serif Copperplate Gothic, inspired by engraved letters, early in his career and a few others later. As a result, many of his designs may look quite similar to modern readers. He also developed a number of typefaces influenced by blackletter medieval manuscripts, illuminated manuscript capitals and Roman capitals engraved in stone. Some of his most famous designs such as Copperplate Gothic and Goudy Stout are unusual deviations from his normal style.[12] His sans-serif series, Goudy Sans, adopts an eccentric humanist style with a calligraphic italic.[13][14] Quite unlike most sans-serif types of the period, it was unpopular in his lifetime but revived several times since.[15][16][17]

As an independent artist and consultant, Goudy needed to undertake a large range of commissions to survive, and sought patronage from companies who would commission a typeface for their own printing and advertising.[18] This led to him producing a large range of designs on commission, and promoting his career through talks and teaching.[3][19] As a result, many of his designs may look quite similar to modern readers. His career was aided by the new pantograph engraving technology, which made it easier to rapidly cut the matrices used as moulds to form metal type. This was a considerable advance on the traditional method of cutting punches manually at the size of the letter to be printed, which would be stamped into metal to form the matrix. An additional boon to his career was the new hot metal typesetting technology of the period which created increasing availability and demand for new fonts.

While most of his designs are 'old-style' serif faces, they do still explore a wide range of aspects of the genre, with Deepdene offering a strikingly upright italic, Goudy Modern merging traditional old-style letters with the insistent, horizontal serifs of Didone faces of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and Goudy Old Style being sold with a swash italic for display use.[20][21] Goudy kept records of his work (though most of these do not survive due to the fire), giving his typefaces numbers for his own use in a similar way to the opus numbers used by composers. Almost uniquely for type designers of the metal type era, he wrote extensively on his work, including a thorough commentary on each of his designs late in life.

The printer Daniel Berkeley Updike, while respecting some of his work (at least publicly), echoed Goudy's student Dwiggins' comment that his work lacked 'a certain snap and acidity', and apparently somewhat snobbishly disliked Goudy's aggressive seeking after work and reputation.[22][23][24][a] He also wrote that Goudy had "never gotten over" a desire to imitate medieval books.[25][26] The British printer Stanley Morison, also a veteran of fine book printing whose career at Monotype had moved in the direction of blending tradition with practicality, admired much of Goudy's work and ethos but also wrote sarcastically in private letters to Updike that Goudy had "designed a whole century of very peculiar looking types", and that he was glad that his company's Times New Roman did not look "as if it has been designed by somebody in particular – Mr. Goudy for instance."[27] Goudy felt in his later life that his career had been overshadowed by new trends, with modernism and a trend towards sharper geometric design making his work out of favor.[28] Walter Tracy described Goudy as "over-fond" of the 'e' with a tilted centre common in fifteenth-century printing which he felt added an "unwanted restlessness" to many of his type designs.

 
University of California Old Style in regular and italic styles, compared to two digitisations: Californian FB and Berkeley Old Style Medium.

In 1938 he designed University of California Old Style, for the sole proprietary use of the University of California Press. The Lanston Monotype Company released a version of this typeface as Californian for wider distribution in 1956, while ITC created a well-known adaptation (and expansion) called Berkeley Old Style or ITC Berkeley, in 1983.[29][30][31]

William T. LaMoy, a curator at Syracuse University, discovered two sets of matrices (metal molds) and associated paperwork in Syracuse University Library's archives for a font known as Sherman, which the publisher Frederic Fairchild Sherman had commissioned from Goudy in 1910. LaMoy published an article about this discovery in 2013, explaining how, in the 1960s, Sherman's niece bequeathed the font to Syracuse University because she was aware of Goudy's connection to the university. Indeed, in 1934, Syracuse University had awarded Goudy an honorary degree and, from the journalism school, a typographic medal for excellence.[32] Recently Syracuse University adopted and digitized the Sherman typeface and is now using it for official publications.[33] Called the Sherman Serif Book, it is a proprietary font for Syracuse University.[34][35]

References

  1. ^ Hannan, Caryn (January 2008). Illinois Biographical Dictionary. State History Publications. ISBN 978-1-878592-60-6. Retrieved 4 April 2021.
  2. ^ a b Charles Earle Funk, What's the Name, Please?, Funk & Wagnalls, 1936
  3. ^ a b Shaw, Paul. "An appreciation of Frederic W. Goudy as a type designer". Retrieved 12 July 2015.
  4. ^ . Archived from the original on 2006-11-05. Retrieved 2006-09-03.
  5. ^ Suffield, Laura. "Goudy, Frederic William." Grove Art Online. Oxford Art Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 7 Oct. 2016. <http://www.oxfordartonline.com/subscriber/article/grove/art/T033819>.
  6. ^ a b c d e f Lawson, Alexander (1990). The Anatomy of a Typeface. David R. Godine, Publisher. pp. 110–119. ISBN 978-0-87923-333-4.
  7. ^ According to typographer Erik Spiekermann, co-author of "Stop Stealing Sheep" (Typophile.com 15.Oct.2005 2013-08-25 at the Wayback Machine)
  8. ^ BESKE, K., & Beske, K. (1977). Craftsman in a machine age. U.S. Library of Congress Quarterly Journal, 34, 97–115.
  9. ^ Carter, Sebastian (2002). Twentieth century type designers : Sebastian Carter (New ed.). Aldershot: Lund Humphries. p. 45. ISBN 978-0-85331-851-4.
  10. ^ Kegler & Kahn. "Goudy Aries". P22. P22. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  11. ^ Sloane, Eric (2006). Return to Taos : Eric Sloane's sketchbook of roadside Americana. Mineola, NY: Dover Publications. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-486-44773-5.
  12. ^ Rimmer, Jim. "Poster Paint". Fontspring. Canada Type.
  13. ^ My type design philosophy by Martin Majoor
  14. ^ "LTC Goudy Sans". MyFonts. LTC. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  15. ^ "Goudy Sans FS". Fontsite. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  16. ^ "ITC Goudy Sans". ITC. MyFonts. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  17. ^ "Adobe ITC Goudy Sans". MyFonts. Adobe. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  18. ^ Carter, Matthew. "Goudy, the good ol' boy (Bruckner biography review)". Eye Magazine. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
  19. ^ Updike, John (1990-12-16). "A Bull in the Typography Shop: a review of Frederic Goudy by D. J. R. Bruckner". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
  20. ^ "LTC Goudy Modern". MyFonts. LTC. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  21. ^ "LTC Goudy Old Style Cursive". MyFonts. LTC. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  22. ^ Updike, Daniel Berkeley (1922). Printing types : their history, forms, and use; a study in survivals vol 2 (1st ed.). Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. p. 243. Retrieved 17 August 2015.
  23. ^ Frazier, J.L. (1925). Type Lore. Chicago. p. 103. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
  24. ^ Leslie Cabarga (15 February 2004). Logo, Font & Lettering Bible. Adams Media. pp. 108–9. ISBN 1-58180-436-9.
  25. ^ Megan Benton (January 2000). Beauty and the Book: Fine Editions and Cultural Distinction in America. Yale University Press. pp. 99–. ISBN 978-0-300-08213-5.
  26. ^ Shaw, Paul. "The Definitive Dwiggins no. 26—New Light on Updike's Dislike of Goudy". Blue Pencil. Retrieved 15 December 2016.
  27. ^ Simon Loxley (12 June 2006). Type: The Secret History of Letters. I.B.Tauris. pp. 134–. ISBN 978-1-84511-028-4.
  28. ^ Loxley, Simon (31 March 2006). Type: The Secret History of Letters. I.B.Tauris. pp. 93–102. ISBN 978-0-85773-017-6.
  29. ^ "Californian FB". Font Bureau. Retrieved 19 June 2015.
  30. ^ "LTC Californian". MyFonts. LTC. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  31. ^ "University Old Style (BOS digitisation)". Fontsite. Retrieved 27 August 2015.
  32. ^ La Moy, William T. (January 1, 2013). "Frederic Fairchild Sherman and His Goudy Typefaces". Printing History. 13 – via Gale Academic OneFile.
  33. ^ Syracuse University News (January 31, 2017). "Hidden Treasure in Special Collections Embodies Syracuse University Spirit". Retrieved October 20, 2019.
  34. ^ "The Syracuse University Brand". Syracuse University. Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  35. ^ Coyte, Madeline. "Sherman Type Specimen Book". Retrieved 3 April 2021.
  • Ransom, Will, "The first days of the Village Press: extracts from the diary of Will Ransom," Press of the Woolly Whale, N.Y.C., 1937.
  • Bruckner, D.J.R., "Frederic Goudy," Documents of American Design series, Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, N.Y.C., 1990, ISBN 0-8109-1035-7.
  • Lewis, Bernard, "Behind The Type: The Life Story of Frederic W. Goudy", Department of Printing, Carnegie Institute of Technology, Pittsburgh, 1941
  1. ^ Dwiggins was referring to Goudy Old Style in particular: "Goudy Old Style may be said to be one hundred per cent good in the design of individual letters. When composed in a body, the characters, individually graceful, set up a whirling sensation that detracts somewhat from legibility. That is to say, the curves are perhaps too soft and round, and they lack a certain snap and acidity. The color of the face is excellent. The capitals, when used alone, compose into a strong and dignified line."

External links and books

Writings by Goudy

  • "A half-century of type design and typography:" volumes 1 and 2, The Typophiles, New York, 1946. A complete list of Goudy's type designs with commentary.
  • "The Alphabet: Fifteen Interpretive Designs" Mitchell Kennerley, N.Y.C, 1918. (alternative digitisation)
  • Elements of Lettering (with Bertha Goudy), Mitchell Kennerley, N.Y.C, 1922
  • Hello To Those Who Retain Their Sanity, essay, Monotype magazine, 1928
  • Ars Typographisch, (Vol. 1, No. 4, 1934): an occasional journal guest-edited by Goudy for one issue in 1934. Contains Goudy's article Type Design: A Homily
  • "The Trajan Capitals," Oxford University Press, New York, 1936
  • "Typologia" University of California Press, Berkeley, Los Angeles, London, 1940

Books printed by Goudy

  • Oh, what a plague is love!, Katharine Tynan, 1900 (published by A. C. McClurg & Co., designed by Goudy)
  • The Cobbler of Nîme, Mary Imlay Taylor, 1900
  • Printing, William Morris, 1903
  • Songs and verses selected from the works of Edmund Waller, 1911
  • Verses by Henry Goelet McVickar, 1911
  • Why we have chosen Forest Hills Gardens for our home, 1915

Further reading

  • Boone, Andrew R. Type By Goudy (Popular Mechanics, April 1942. Many pictures of Goudy at work.)
  • Bruckner, D.J.R., "Frederic Goudy," Documents of American Design series, Harry N. Abrams, Inc., Publishers, New York City, 1990, ISBN 0-8109-1035-7.
  • Frederic Goudy – Pantagraph (Bloomington, IL newspaper)
  • Lewis, Bernard: Behind the Type: The Life Story of Frederic W. Goudy, Carnegie Institute of Technology, 1941. An extensive survey of Goudy's work. Goudy's 1938 talk on printing, The Ethics and Aesthetics of Type, is printed at the end.
  • Linotype Library Designers: Frederic W. Goudy
  • MacGrew, Mac, "American Metal Typefaces of the Twentieth Century," Oak Knoll Books, New Castle Delaware, 1993, ISBN 0-938768-34-4.
  • Orton, Vrest "Goudy, Master of Letters", Black Cat Press, Chicago, 1939. A festschrift with an introduction by Goudy.
  • Rollins, Carl Purlington "American Type Designers and Their Work" in Print, V. 4, #1.
  • Typographer's Digest, No. 27 (1967): issue dedicated to Goudy's memory. Collects some of Goudy's more obscure writings and fonts, which are shown in a sample at the end.

Primary sources

External links

  •   Media related to Frederic Goudy at Wikimedia Commons

January 23, 2023
frederic, goudy, frederic, william, goudy, march, 1865, 1947, american, printer, artist, type, designer, whose, typefaces, include, copperplate, gothic, goudy, style, kennerley, most, prolific, american, type, designers, self, named, type, continues, most, pop. Frederic William Goudy ˈ ɡ aʊ d i 2 March 8 1865 May 11 1947 was an American printer artist and type designer whose typefaces include Copperplate Gothic Goudy Old Style and Kennerley 3 He was one of the most prolific of American type designers and his self named type continues to be one of the most popular in America Frederic GoudyFrederic W Goudy in 1924BornFrederic William Goudy 1865 03 08 March 8 1865Bloomington Illinois U S DiedMay 11 1947 1947 05 11 aged 82 Marlborough New York U S Occupation s Printer artist type designerKnown forCopperplate Gothic Goudy Old Style Kennerley Old StyleSpouseBertha Matilda Sprinks m 1897 died 1935 wbr 1 Contents 1 Biography 2 Typefaces 3 References 4 External links and books 4 1 Writings by Goudy 4 2 Books printed by Goudy 4 3 Further reading 4 4 Primary sources 5 External linksBiography Edit A brochure cover hand lettered by Goudy in the early 1900s Goudy was not always a type designer At 40 this short plump pinkish and puckish gentleman kept books for a Chicago realtor and considered himself a failure During the next 36 years starting almost from scratch at an age when most men are permanently set in their chosen vocations he cut 113 fonts of type thereby creating more usable faces than did the seven greatest inventors of type and books from Gutenberg to Garamond 4 Asked how to say his name he told The Literary Digest When I was a boy my father spelled our name Gowdy which didn t offer any particular reason for verbal gymnastics Later learning that the old Scots spelling was Goudy he changed to that form while I for some years retained the old way My brother in Chicago still spells with the w However I find that occasionally a stranger pronounces the word with ou as long o in go sometimes as ou in soup or goo and less frequently with the ou as oo in good I retain the original pronunciation with ou as in out 2 Printing by William Morris as reprinted by the Village Press run by Goudy with Will Ransom c 1903 After teaching lettering and becoming known as an advertising designer in Chicago Goudy built his reputation as a type designer In 1895 he founded his printing shop Booklet Press later renamed Camelot Press 5 Goudy designed his first typeface Camelot in 1896 In 1903 Goudy and Will Ransom founded the Village Press in Park Ridge Illinois The typeface used for the Village Press dubbed Village was originally created in 1903 for the Chicago clothing manufacturer Kuppenheimer amp Company 6 This venture was modeled on the Arts and Crafts movement ideals of William Morris whose Golden Type many of Goudy s earliest designs echo It was moved to Boston and then New York In 1908 he created his first significant typeface for the Lanston Monotype Machine Company E 38 sometimes known as Goudy Light However in that same year the Village Press burned to the ground destroying all of his equipment and designs In 1911 Goudy produced his first hit Kennerley Old Style for an H G Wells anthology published by Mitchell Kennerley This success was followed by Goudy s release of the titling letter Forum Both Kennerley and Forum were cut for private use Although Goudy was one of the first type designers to become established without working for a foundry the American Type Founders Company ATF became interested in Goudy after his release of Kennerley and Forum ATF commissioned Goudy to create a typeface Goudy agreed on the condition that his original drawings would not be subjected to interference by the founder s drawing room 6 This commission would become Goudy Old Style Goudy Old Style was released in 1915 and became an instant success cite It was well suited for newspaper s advertising sections because of its efficient use of space ATF continued to expand the Goudy family to Goudy Title in 1917 Goudy Bold in 1920 Goudy Catalogue in 1921 Goudy Handtooled in 1922 and Goudy Extrabold in 1927 Goudy types were clearly very lucrative for ATF but Goudy did not receive anything because he had sold his original design for 1 500 instead of entering into a royalty agreement 6 ATF s refusal to give Goudy compensation for the success of the Goudy family led to the deterioration of Goudy s relationship with ATF The only other typefaces Goudy designed for ATF was Goudytype and series of initial letters named Cloister Initials 6 From 1920 to 1947 Goudy was art director for Lanston Monotype Although he continued to design for Monotype throughout this period Goudy withdrew to his workshop in Marlborough New York which he dubbed the Village Letter Foundery Goudy withdrew partly because he believed that the methods the Monotype firm used to transfer his designs to matrices compromised his work All of Goudy s types were drawn freehand without the use of compass straightedge or French curve cite 6 It was at the Village Letter Foundery his workshop that Goudy created the majority of his prolific work In 1939 the Village Letter Foundery was destroyed by fire and much of his work was lost Two of his most successful designs created for Monotype Deepdene and Goudy Text were not destroyed Beginning in 1927 Goudy was a vice president of the Continental Type Founders Association which distributed many of his faces Goudy was widely known from 1915 to 1940 mainly because of the success of his typefaces but also because he gave many lectures and speeches on the great love he had for letter forms Goudy was known to rarely turn down a speaking engagement In 1940 he was appointed lecturer at Syracuse University s S I Newhouse School of Public Communications An excerpt from a lecture he gave to the annual convention of the International Club of Printing House Craftsmen in New York in 1939 highlights Goudy s practicality and love for letterform My craft is a simple one For nearly forty years I have endeavored constantly to create a greater and more general esteem for good printing and typography to give printers and reader of print more legible and more beautiful types than were hitherto available 6 By the end of his life Goudy had designed 122 typefaces and published 59 literary works He worked extensively with his wife Bertha M Goudy who particularly collaborated with him on printing projects in which she acted as a compositor of type The couple had a son Frederic T Goudy It has been claimed that Goudy was the originator of the well known statement Anyone who would letterspace lowercase would steal sheep 7 Typefaces EditMain article List of typefaces designed by Frederic Goudy Specimens of typefaces designed by Frederic Goudy A sample advertisement made with Kennerley Old Style from a 1915 typeface catalogue Goudy was the third most prolific designer of metal type in the United States behind Morris Fuller Benton and R Hunter Middleton with ninety faces actually cut and cast and many more designs completed 8 His most famous were Copperplate Gothic and Goudy Old Style 9 Besides printing he also worked on numerous hand lettering projects especially early in his career and created a large set of ampersands for an article on the topic 10 Goudy s career was influenced by the Arts and Crafts movement and the growth of fine book printing in the United States At a time when printing types had become quite mechanical and geometric under the influence of Didone designs such as Bodoni Goudy spent his career developing old style serifs often influenced by the printing of the Italian Renaissance and calligraphy with a characteristic warmth and irregularity His neighbour Eric Sloane recalled that he also took inspiration from hand painted signs 11 In contrast to his great contemporary Morris Fuller Benton he generally avoided sans serif designs though he did create the nearly sans serif Copperplate Gothic inspired by engraved letters early in his career and a few others later As a result many of his designs may look quite similar to modern readers He also developed a number of typefaces influenced by blackletter medieval manuscripts illuminated manuscript capitals and Roman capitals engraved in stone Some of his most famous designs such as Copperplate Gothic and Goudy Stout are unusual deviations from his normal style 12 His sans serif series Goudy Sans adopts an eccentric humanist style with a calligraphic italic 13 14 Quite unlike most sans serif types of the period it was unpopular in his lifetime but revived several times since 15 16 17 As an independent artist and consultant Goudy needed to undertake a large range of commissions to survive and sought patronage from companies who would commission a typeface for their own printing and advertising 18 This led to him producing a large range of designs on commission and promoting his career through talks and teaching 3 19 As a result many of his designs may look quite similar to modern readers His career was aided by the new pantograph engraving technology which made it easier to rapidly cut the matrices used as moulds to form metal type This was a considerable advance on the traditional method of cutting punches manually at the size of the letter to be printed which would be stamped into metal to form the matrix An additional boon to his career was the new hot metal typesetting technology of the period which created increasing availability and demand for new fonts While most of his designs are old style serif faces they do still explore a wide range of aspects of the genre with Deepdene offering a strikingly upright italic Goudy Modern merging traditional old style letters with the insistent horizontal serifs of Didone faces of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and Goudy Old Style being sold with a swash italic for display use 20 21 Goudy kept records of his work though most of these do not survive due to the fire giving his typefaces numbers for his own use in a similar way to the opus numbers used by composers Almost uniquely for type designers of the metal type era he wrote extensively on his work including a thorough commentary on each of his designs late in life The printer Daniel Berkeley Updike while respecting some of his work at least publicly echoed Goudy s student Dwiggins comment that his work lacked a certain snap and acidity and apparently somewhat snobbishly disliked Goudy s aggressive seeking after work and reputation 22 23 24 a He also wrote that Goudy had never gotten over a desire to imitate medieval books 25 26 The British printer Stanley Morison also a veteran of fine book printing whose career at Monotype had moved in the direction of blending tradition with practicality admired much of Goudy s work and ethos but also wrote sarcastically in private letters to Updike that Goudy had designed a whole century of very peculiar looking types and that he was glad that his company s Times New Roman did not look as if it has been designed by somebody in particular Mr Goudy for instance 27 Goudy felt in his later life that his career had been overshadowed by new trends with modernism and a trend towards sharper geometric design making his work out of favor 28 Walter Tracy described Goudy as over fond of the e with a tilted centre common in fifteenth century printing which he felt added an unwanted restlessness to many of his type designs University of California Old Style in regular and italic styles compared to two digitisations Californian FB and Berkeley Old Style Medium In 1938 he designed University of California Old Style for the sole proprietary use of the University of California Press The Lanston Monotype Company released a version of this typeface as Californian for wider distribution in 1956 while ITC created a well known adaptation and expansion called Berkeley Old Style or ITC Berkeley in 1983 29 30 31 William T LaMoy a curator at Syracuse University discovered two sets of matrices metal molds and associated paperwork in Syracuse University Library s archives for a font known as Sherman which the publisher Frederic Fairchild Sherman had commissioned from Goudy in 1910 LaMoy published an article about this discovery in 2013 explaining how in the 1960s Sherman s niece bequeathed the font to Syracuse University because she was aware of Goudy s connection to the university Indeed in 1934 Syracuse University had awarded Goudy an honorary degree and from the journalism school a typographic medal for excellence 32 Recently Syracuse University adopted and digitized the Sherman typeface and is now using it for official publications 33 Called the Sherman Serif Book it is a proprietary font for Syracuse University 34 35 References Edit Hannan Caryn January 2008 Illinois Biographical Dictionary State History Publications ISBN 978 1 878592 60 6 Retrieved 4 April 2021 a b Charles Earle Funk What s the Name Please Funk amp Wagnalls 1936 a b Shaw Paul An appreciation of Frederic W Goudy as a type designer Retrieved 12 July 2015 Type By Goudy Archived from the original on 2006 11 05 Retrieved 2006 09 03 Suffield Laura Goudy Frederic William Grove Art Online Oxford Art Online Oxford University Press Web 7 Oct 2016 lt http www oxfordartonline com subscriber article grove art T033819 gt a b c d e f Lawson Alexander 1990 The Anatomy of a Typeface David R Godine Publisher pp 110 119 ISBN 978 0 87923 333 4 According to typographer Erik Spiekermann co author of Stop Stealing Sheep Typophile com 15 Oct 2005 Archived 2013 08 25 at the Wayback Machine BESKE K amp Beske K 1977 Craftsman in a machine age U S Library of Congress Quarterly Journal 34 97 115 Carter Sebastian 2002 Twentieth century type designers Sebastian Carter New ed Aldershot Lund Humphries p 45 ISBN 978 0 85331 851 4 Kegler amp Kahn Goudy Aries P22 P22 Retrieved 27 August 2015 Sloane Eric 2006 Return to Taos Eric Sloane s sketchbook of roadside Americana Mineola NY Dover Publications p 8 ISBN 978 0 486 44773 5 Rimmer Jim Poster Paint Fontspring Canada Type My type design philosophy by Martin Majoor LTC Goudy Sans MyFonts LTC Retrieved 27 August 2015 Goudy Sans FS Fontsite Retrieved 27 August 2015 ITC Goudy Sans ITC MyFonts Retrieved 27 August 2015 Adobe ITC Goudy Sans MyFonts Adobe Retrieved 27 August 2015 Carter Matthew Goudy the good ol boy Bruckner biography review Eye Magazine Retrieved 5 February 2016 Updike John 1990 12 16 A Bull in the Typography Shop a review of Frederic Goudy by D J R Bruckner The New York Times Retrieved 5 February 2016 LTC Goudy Modern MyFonts LTC Retrieved 27 August 2015 LTC Goudy Old Style Cursive MyFonts LTC Retrieved 27 August 2015 Updike Daniel Berkeley 1922 Printing types their history forms and use a study in survivals vol 2 1st ed Cambridge MA Harvard University Press p 243 Retrieved 17 August 2015 Frazier J L 1925 Type Lore Chicago p 103 Retrieved 24 August 2015 Leslie Cabarga 15 February 2004 Logo Font amp Lettering Bible Adams Media pp 108 9 ISBN 1 58180 436 9 Megan Benton January 2000 Beauty and the Book Fine Editions and Cultural Distinction in America Yale University Press pp 99 ISBN 978 0 300 08213 5 Shaw Paul The Definitive Dwiggins no 26 New Light on Updike s Dislike of Goudy Blue Pencil Retrieved 15 December 2016 Simon Loxley 12 June 2006 Type The Secret History of Letters I B Tauris pp 134 ISBN 978 1 84511 028 4 Loxley Simon 31 March 2006 Type The Secret History of Letters I B Tauris pp 93 102 ISBN 978 0 85773 017 6 Californian FB Font Bureau Retrieved 19 June 2015 LTC Californian MyFonts LTC Retrieved 27 August 2015 University Old Style BOS digitisation Fontsite Retrieved 27 August 2015 La Moy William T January 1 2013 Frederic Fairchild Sherman and His Goudy Typefaces Printing History 13 via Gale Academic OneFile Syracuse University News January 31 2017 Hidden Treasure in Special Collections Embodies Syracuse University Spirit Retrieved October 20 2019 The Syracuse University Brand Syracuse University Retrieved 3 April 2021 Coyte Madeline Sherman Type Specimen Book Retrieved 3 April 2021 Ransom Will The first days of the Village Press extracts from the diary of Will Ransom Press of the Woolly Whale N Y C 1937 Bruckner D J R Frederic Goudy Documents of American Design series Harry N Abrams Inc Publishers N Y C 1990 ISBN 0 8109 1035 7 Lewis Bernard Behind The Type The Life Story of Frederic W Goudy Department of Printing Carnegie Institute of Technology Pittsburgh 1941 Dwiggins was referring to Goudy Old Style in particular Goudy Old Style may be said to be one hundred per cent good in the design of individual letters When composed in a body the characters individually graceful set up a whirling sensation that detracts somewhat from legibility That is to say the curves are perhaps too soft and round and they lack a certain snap and acidity The color of the face is excellent The capitals when used alone compose into a strong and dignified line External links and books EditWritings by Goudy Edit A half century of type design and typography volumes 1 and 2 The Typophiles New York 1946 A complete list of Goudy s type designs with commentary The Alphabet Fifteen Interpretive Designs Mitchell Kennerley N Y C 1918 alternative digitisation Elements of Lettering with Bertha Goudy Mitchell Kennerley N Y C 1922 Hello To Those Who Retain Their Sanity essay Monotype magazine 1928 Ars Typographisch Vol 1 No 4 1934 an occasional journal guest edited by Goudy for one issue in 1934 Contains Goudy s article Type Design A Homily The Trajan Capitals Oxford University Press New York 1936 Typologia University of California Press Berkeley Los Angeles London 1940Books printed by Goudy Edit Oh what a plague is love Katharine Tynan 1900 published by A C McClurg amp Co designed by Goudy The Cobbler of Nime Mary Imlay Taylor 1900 Printing William Morris 1903 Songs and verses selected from the works of Edmund Waller 1911 Verses by Henry Goelet McVickar 1911 Why we have chosen Forest Hills Gardens for our home 1915Further reading Edit Boone Andrew R Type By Goudy Popular Mechanics April 1942 Many pictures of Goudy at work Bruckner D J R Frederic Goudy Documents of American Design series Harry N Abrams Inc Publishers New York City 1990 ISBN 0 8109 1035 7 Frederic Goudy Pantagraph Bloomington IL newspaper Frederick Goudy at Typophile Goudy type designs at Lanston Type Co Lewis Bernard Behind the Type The Life Story of Frederic W Goudy Carnegie Institute of Technology 1941 An extensive survey of Goudy s work Goudy s 1938 talk on printing The Ethics and Aesthetics of Type is printed at the end Linotype Library Designers Frederic W Goudy MacGrew Mac American Metal Typefaces of the Twentieth Century Oak Knoll Books New Castle Delaware 1993 ISBN 0 938768 34 4 Orton Vrest Goudy Master of Letters Black Cat Press Chicago 1939 A festschrift with an introduction by Goudy Rollins Carl Purlington American Type Designers and Their Work in Print V 4 1 Typographer s Digest No 27 1967 issue dedicated to Goudy s memory Collects some of Goudy s more obscure writings and fonts which are shown in a sample at the end Primary sources Edit Frederic W Goudy Collection Ball State University Libraries Archives and Special Collections PDF Frederic W Goudy Collection Library of Congress Rare Book and Special Collections Division Frederic W Goudy Collection McLean County Museum of History archives Frederic W Goudy Collection Syracuse University Special Collections Research Center Charles E Pont Collection relating to Frederic Goudy Syracuse University Special Collections Research Center Frederic W Goudy Collection McLean County Museum of HistoryExternal links Edit Media related to Frederic Goudy at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Frederic Goudy amp oldid 1106874323, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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