Fine Guidance Sensor (FGS) for the Hubble Space Telescope is a system of three instruments used for pointing the telescope in space, and also for astrometry and its related sciences.[2] Each FGS uses a combination of optics and electronics to provide for pointing the telescope at a certain location in the sky.[2] There are three Hubble FGS, and they have been upgraded over the lifetime of the telescope by manned Space Shuttle missions.[3] The instruments can support pointing of 2 milli-arc seconds (units of degree).[4] The three FGS are part of the Hubble Space Telescope's Pointing Control System, aka PCS.[5] The FGS function in combination with the Hubble main computer and gyroscopes, with the FGS providing data to the computer as sensors which enables the HST to track astronomical targets.[6]
From the center to outer edge of the FGS field of view is 14.1 arcminutes[1] This is a diagram of the field of view of each Hubble Space Telescope instrument, including the three FGS instruments (FGS field of view(s) highlighted in yellow)
A Fine Guidance Sensor being refurbished between servicing missions SM3A and SM4
A fine guidance sensors in space on STS Servicing Mission 2 in 1997
The FGS can be used to locate something in space, and then lock-on to it.[7] It can provide the movements the telescope must make to keep the object in view, for the main instruments to record data on.[8]
The FGS were originally made by the optics company Perkin-Elmer, and as removable and repairable instruments it has been possible to refurbish them over the lifetime of the telescope.[8] The first replacement FGS was installed in 1997, swapping out FGS1.[5]
In May 2009, on STS-125 a FGS was replaced during the mission to the Hubble telescope by the Space Shuttle.[9] The astronaut crew performed an EVA (spacewalk) to service the FGS and other components on the telescope in Earth orbit.[9] This was the SM4 mission.[6]
An example of astrometry science with the Hubble FGS system is observations of the Low-Mass Binary star system L722-22.[10] Observations were taken of the system in 1990s, and the data helped determine the mass of each of the components of L722-22, which is also known as LHS 1047 and GJ 1005.[10]
The FGS are white-light shearing interferometers.[5] The FGS weigh 220 kg (485 lb) and have dimensions of roughly 0.5 m × 1.0 m × 1.6 meters.[11]
The smallest Kuiper Belt Object (KBO) yet detected at that time was discovered in 2009 by poring over data from the Hubble Space Telescope's fine guidance sensors.[12] They detected a transit of an object against a distant star, which, based on the duration and amount of dimming, was calculated to be a KBO about 1,000 meters (3,200 ft) in diameter.[12] It has been suggested that the Kepler observatory may be able to detect objects in the Oort cloud by their occultation of background stars,[13] and the Whipple proposal would also try to use this concept.
A Hubble FGS has also been used for astrometry, tracking the movement of different stars.[14] This ability was used for exoplanet research, where the motion of the star caused by the movement of planets around it was detected.[14] Hubble was used via the FGS sensors to detect the motion of star caused by an exoplanet orbiting it.[15] The effect on the Star Gliese 876's by companion Gliese 876b was measured.[15] That star is known as a red dwarf about 15 light-years away from Earth.[16]
FGS was used to study Double-star systems (aka Binary star systems) and to measure distances to astronomical bodies.[15]
^ ab. spaceflight.nasa.gov. Archived from the original on 2009-05-26. Retrieved 2017-03-03.
^ abHershey, John L.; Taff, L. G. (1998-01-01). "Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor Astrometry of the Low-Mass Binary L722-22". The Astronomical Journal. 116 (3): 1440. Bibcode:1998AJ....116.1440H. doi:10.1086/300516. ISSN 1538-3881.
^ ab. Archived from the original on 2016-07-06. Retrieved 2017-03-21.
^DETECTABILITY OF OORT CLOUD OBJECTS USING KEPLER - 2009
^ ab""Out of Whack" Planetary System Offers Clues to a Disturbing Past". UT News | The University of Texas at Austin. 2010-05-24. Retrieved 2018-01-28.
^ abc"Hubble Space Telescope – Fine Guidance Sensors". 27 January 2017.
^ abTanga, P.; Hestroffer, D.; Cellino, A.; Lattanzi, M.; Martino, M. Di; Zappalà, V. (2003-04-01). "Asteroid observations with the Hubble Space Telescope FGS". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 401 (2): 733–741. Bibcode:2003A&A...401..733T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20030032. ISSN 0004-6361.
External links
Fine Guidance Sensors Aboard the Hubble Space Telescope, the Scientific Capabilities of these Interferometer
NASA Fact Sheet Hubble FGS
A DECONVOLUTION TECHNIQUE FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE FGS FRINGE ANALYSIS
Hubblesite - FGS
January 08, 2023
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Fine Guidance Sensor FGS for the Hubble Space Telescope is a system of three instruments used for pointing the telescope in space and also for astrometry and its related sciences 2 Each FGS uses a combination of optics and electronics to provide for pointing the telescope at a certain location in the sky 2 There are three Hubble FGS and they have been upgraded over the lifetime of the telescope by manned Space Shuttle missions 3 The instruments can support pointing of 2 milli arc seconds units of degree 4 The three FGS are part of the Hubble Space Telescope s Pointing Control System aka PCS 5 The FGS function in combination with the Hubble main computer and gyroscopes with the FGS providing data to the computer as sensors which enables the HST to track astronomical targets 6 From the center to outer edge of the FGS field of view is 14 1 arcminutes 1 This is a diagram of the field of view of each Hubble Space Telescope instrument including the three FGS instruments FGS field of view s highlighted in yellow A Fine Guidance Sensor being refurbished between servicing missions SM3A and SM4 A fine guidance sensors in space on STS Servicing Mission 2 in 1997 The FGS can be used to locate something in space and then lock on to it 7 It can provide the movements the telescope must make to keep the object in view for the main instruments to record data on 8 The FGS were originally made by the optics company Perkin Elmer and as removable and repairable instruments it has been possible to refurbish them over the lifetime of the telescope 8 The first replacement FGS was installed in 1997 swapping out FGS1 5 In May 2009 on STS 125 a FGS was replaced during the mission to the Hubble telescope by the Space Shuttle 9 The astronaut crew performed an EVA spacewalk to service the FGS and other components on the telescope in Earth orbit 9 This was the SM4 mission 6 An example of astrometry science with the Hubble FGS system is observations of the Low Mass Binary star system L722 22 10 Observations were taken of the system in 1990s and the data helped determine the mass of each of the components of L722 22 which is also known as LHS 1047 and GJ 1005 10 The FGS are white light shearing interferometers 5 The FGS weigh 220 kg 485 lb and have dimensions of roughly 0 5 m 1 0 m 1 6 meters 11 Contents 1 Observations 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksObservations EditThe smallest Kuiper Belt Object KBO yet detected at that time was discovered in 2009 by poring over data from the Hubble Space Telescope s fine guidance sensors 12 They detected a transit of an object against a distant star which based on the duration and amount of dimming was calculated to be a KBO about 1 000 meters 3 200 ft in diameter 12 It has been suggested that the Kepler observatory may be able to detect objects in the Oort cloud by their occultation of background stars 13 and the Whipple proposal would also try to use this concept A Hubble FGS has also been used for astrometry tracking the movement of different stars 14 This ability was used for exoplanet research where the motion of the star caused by the movement of planets around it was detected 14 Hubble was used via the FGS sensors to detect the motion of star caused by an exoplanet orbiting it 15 The effect on the Star Gliese 876 s by companion Gliese 876b was measured 15 That star is known as a red dwarf about 15 light years away from Earth 16 FGS was used to study Double star systems aka Binary star systems and to measure distances to astronomical bodies 15 FGS has also been used to observe asteroids and calculate their size 17 Asteroids studied include 63 Ausonia 15 Eunomia 43 Ariadne 44 Nysa and 624 Hektor 17 See also EditFine Guidance Sensor and Near Infrared Imager and Slitless Spectrograph FGS for JWST Guide Star Catalog Hubble Whipple spacecraft Occulation type Space telescope concept Kepler spacecraft Space telescope Fine guidance sensorReferences Edit https www webcitation org 6BO1Bx7sb url http asd gsfc nasa gov archive sm3a downloads sm3a media guide HST systems pdf dead link a b Hubble s Instruments FGS Fine Guidance Sensors www spacetelescope org Retrieved 2017 03 03 NASA Refurbished Fine Guidance Sensor FGS www nasa gov Retrieved 2017 03 03 Fine Guidance Sensors Aboard the Hubble Space Telescope the Scientific Capabilities of these Interferometer a b c http www stsci edu hst fgs documents papers spie pdf bare URL PDF a b NASA Hubble Space Telescope Servicing Mission 4 Fine Guidance Sensor www nasa gov Retrieved 2017 03 03 Fine guidance sensors Hubble s unsung heros NewsTimes Retrieved 2017 04 12 a b Fine guidance sensors Hubble s unsung heros NewsTimes Retrieved 2017 03 03 a b Photo Index 1 spaceflight nasa gov Archived from the original on 2009 05 26 Retrieved 2017 03 03 a b Hershey John L Taff L G 1998 01 01 Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensor Astrometry of the Low Mass Binary L722 22 The Astronomical Journal 116 3 1440 Bibcode 1998AJ 116 1440H doi 10 1086 300516 ISSN 1538 3881 Hubble instruments sci esa int Retrieved 2017 03 03 a b HubbleSite NewsCenter Hubble Finds Smallest Kuiper Belt Object Ever Seen 12 16 2009 the Full Story Archived from the original on 2016 07 06 Retrieved 2017 03 21 DETECTABILITY OF OORT CLOUD OBJECTS USING KEPLER 2009 a b Out of Whack Planetary System Offers Clues to a Disturbing Past UT News The University of Texas at Austin 2010 05 24 Retrieved 2018 01 28 a b c Hubble Space Telescope Fine Guidance Sensors 27 January 2017 Gliese 876 a b Tanga P Hestroffer D Cellino A Lattanzi M Martino M Di Zappala V 2003 04 01 Asteroid observations with the Hubble Space Telescope FGS Astronomy amp Astrophysics 401 2 733 741 Bibcode 2003A amp A 401 733T doi 10 1051 0004 6361 20030032 ISSN 0004 6361 External links EditFine Guidance Sensors Aboard the Hubble Space Telescope the Scientific Capabilities of these Interferometer NASA Fact Sheet Hubble FGS A DECONVOLUTION TECHNIQUE FOR HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE FGS FRINGE ANALYSIS Hubblesite FGS Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fine Guidance Sensor HST amp oldid 1106041637, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
