A field army (or numbered army or simply army) is a military formation in many armed forces, composed of two or more corps. It may be subordinate to an army group. Air armies are the equivalent formations in air forces, and fleets in navies. A field army is composed of 80,000 to 300,000 soldiers.
History
Specific field armies are usually named or numbered to distinguish them from "army" in the sense of an entire national land military force. In English, the typical orthographic style for writing out the names field armies is word numbers, such as "First Army"; whereas corps are usually distinguished by Roman numerals (e.g. I Corps) and subordinate formations with ordinal numbers (e.g. 1st Division). A field army may be given a geographical name in addition to or as an alternative to a numerical name, such as the British Army of the Rhine, Army of the Potomac, Army of the Niemen or Aegean Army (also known as the Fourth Army).
The Roman army was among the first to feature a formal field army, in the sense of a very large, combined arms formation, namely the sacer comitatus, which may be translated literally as "sacred escort". The term is derived from their being commanded by Roman emperors (who were regarded as sacred), when they acted as field commanders. While the Roman comitatensis (plural: comitatenses) is sometimes translated as "field army", it may also be translated as the more generic "field force" or "mobile force" (as opposed to limitanei or garrison units).
In some armed forces, an "army" is or has been equivalent to a corps-level unit. Prior to 1945, this was the case with a gun (軍; "army") within the Imperial Japanese Army, for which the formation equivalent in size to a field army was an "area army" (方面軍; hōmen-gun). In the Soviet Red Army and the Soviet Air Forces, an army was subordinate in wartime to a front (an equivalent of army group). It contained at least three to five divisions along with artillery, air defense, reconnaissance and other supporting units. It could be classified as either a combined arms army (CAA) or tank army (TA); and while both were combined arms formations, the former contained a larger number of motorized rifle divisions while the later contained a larger number of tank divisions.[2] In peacetime, a Soviet army was usually subordinate to a military district.
Modern field armies are large formations which vary significantly between armed forces in size, composition, and scope of responsibility. For instance, within NATO a field army is composed of a headquarters, and usually controls at least two corps, beneath which are a variable number of divisions. A battle is influenced at the field army level by transferring divisions and reinforcements from one corps to another to increase the pressure on the enemy at a critical point. NATO armies are commanded by a general or lieutenant general.
^(PDF). NATO. May 2011. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-09-21.
^US Army, FM 100-2-3 The Soviet Army: Troops, Organization and Equipment, Paragraph 1-3.
January 18, 2023
field, army, nato, symbols, friendly, armya, hostile, armya, field, army, numbered, army, simply, army, military, formation, many, armed, forces, composed, more, corps, subordinate, army, group, armies, equivalent, formations, forces, fleets, navies, field, ar. NATO Map Symbols 1 a friendly armya hostile armyA field army or numbered army or simply army is a military formation in many armed forces composed of two or more corps It may be subordinate to an army group Air armies are the equivalent formations in air forces and fleets in navies A field army is composed of 80 000 to 300 000 soldiers History EditSpecific field armies are usually named or numbered to distinguish them from army in the sense of an entire national land military force In English the typical orthographic style for writing out the names field armies is word numbers such as First Army whereas corps are usually distinguished by Roman numerals e g I Corps and subordinate formations with ordinal numbers e g 1st Division A field army may be given a geographical name in addition to or as an alternative to a numerical name such as the British Army of the Rhine Army of the Potomac Army of the Niemen or Aegean Army also known as the Fourth Army The Roman army was among the first to feature a formal field army in the sense of a very large combined arms formation namely the sacer comitatus which may be translated literally as sacred escort The term is derived from their being commanded by Roman emperors who were regarded as sacred when they acted as field commanders While the Roman comitatensis plural comitatenses is sometimes translated as field army it may also be translated as the more generic field force or mobile force as opposed to limitanei or garrison units In some armed forces an army is or has been equivalent to a corps level unit Prior to 1945 this was the case with a gun 軍 army within the Imperial Japanese Army for which the formation equivalent in size to a field army was an area army 方面軍 hōmen gun In the Soviet Red Army and the Soviet Air Forces an army was subordinate in wartime to a front an equivalent of army group It contained at least three to five divisions along with artillery air defense reconnaissance and other supporting units It could be classified as either a combined arms army CAA or tank army TA and while both were combined arms formations the former contained a larger number of motorized rifle divisions while the later contained a larger number of tank divisions 2 In peacetime a Soviet army was usually subordinate to a military district Modern field armies are large formations which vary significantly between armed forces in size composition and scope of responsibility For instance within NATO a field army is composed of a headquarters and usually controls at least two corps beneath which are a variable number of divisions A battle is influenced at the field army level by transferring divisions and reinforcements from one corps to another to increase the pressure on the enemy at a critical point NATO armies are commanded by a general or lieutenant general See also EditArmeeoberkommando Military unit Military history List of numbered armiesReferences Edit APP 6C Joint Military Symbology PDF NATO May 2011 Archived from the original PDF on 2015 09 21 US Army FM 100 2 3 The Soviet Army Troops Organization and Equipment Paragraph 1 3 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Field army amp oldid 1134143272, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
