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Fear of fish

Fear of fish or ichthyophobia ranges from cultural phenomena such as fear of eating fish, fear of touching raw fish, or fear of dead fish, up to irrational fear (specific phobia). Selachophobia, or galeophobia, is the specific fear of sharks.[1]

Ichthyophobia
Other namesGaleophobia
Pronunciation
SpecialtyPsychology

Etymology edit

The term ichthyophobia comes from the Greek ἰχθῦς - ichthus, meaning "fish"[2] and φόβος - phobos, "fear".[3] Galeophobia comes from the Greek γαλεός - galeos, "small shark".[4][1]

Phobia edit

Ichthyophobia is described in Psychology: An International Perspective as an "unusual" specific phobia.[5] Both symptoms and remedies of ichthyophobia are common to most specific phobias.

American psychologist John B. Watson, a renowned name in behaviorism, describes an example, quoted in many books in psychology, of conditioned fear of a goldfish in an infant and a way of unconditioning of the fear by what is now called graduated exposure therapy:[6]

Try another method. Let his brother, aged four, who has no fear of fish, come up to the bowl and put his hands in the bowl and catch the fish. No amount of watching a fearless child play with these harmless animals will remove the fear from the toddler. Try shaming him, making a scapegoat of him. Your attempts are equally futile. Let us try, however, this simple method. Place the child at meal time at one end of a table ten or twelve feet long, and move the fish bowl to the extreme other end of the table and cover it. Just as soon as the meal is placed before him remove the cover from the bowl. If disturbance occurs, extend your table and place the bowl still farther off, so far away that no disturbance occurs. Eating takes place normally, nor is digestion interfered with. Repeat the procedure on the next day, but move the bowl a little nearer. In four or five days the bowl can be brought right up to the food tray without causing the slightest disturbance. Then take a small glass dish, fill it with water and move the dish back, and at subsequent meal times bring it nearer and nearer to him. Again in three or four days the small glass dish can be put on the tray alongside of his milk. The old fear has been driven out by training, unconditioning has taken place, and this unconditioning is permanent.

In contrast, radical exposure therapy was used successfully to cure a man with a "life affecting" fish phobia on the 2007 documentary series, The Panic Room.[7]

Cultural phenomenon edit

Historically, the Navajo people were described as being ichthyophobic,[8][9] due to their aversion to fish. However, this was later recognised as a cultural or mythic aversion to aquatic animals,[10] and not a psychological condition.

Fear of eating fish edit

The Journal of the American Medical Association have published a research paper[11] addressing the fears of eating fish[12] among those who are concerned about contaminants, such as mercury, becoming accumulated in their food.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b Galeophobia in medical dictionary.
  2. ^ ἰχθῦς, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  3. ^ φόβος, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  4. ^ γαλεός, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
  5. ^ Michael W. Eysenck. Psychology: An International Perspective, Psychology Press, 2004, p839, ISBN 1-84169-360-X
  6. ^ John B. Watson (1929) "Behaviorism - The Modern Note in Psychology"
  7. ^ Tryst Williams. Man cured of 'life affecting' fish phobia. Western Mail, 18 April 2007
  8. ^ Washington Matthews. Ichthyophobia, The Journal of American Folklore, Vol. 11, No. 41 (1898), pp. 105-112
  9. ^ William H. Lyon. The Navajos in the American Historical Imagination, 1868-1900, Ethnohistory, Vol. 45, No. 2 (1998), pp. 237-275
  10. ^ Howard M. Bahr. The Navajo as Seen by the Franciscans, 1898-1921: A Sourcebook. Scarecrow Press, 2004, ISBN 0-8108-4962-3
  11. ^ Dariush Mozaffarian, Eric B. Rimm, "Fish Intake, Contaminants, and Human Health. Evaluating the Risks and the Benefits", Journal of the American Medical Association, 2006, vol. 296, pp 1885-1899.
    • "New Study Shows the Benefits of Eating Fish Greatly Outweigh the Risks" - an overview of the publication by Mozaffarian and Rimm in a press release by the Harvard School of Public Health
  12. ^ "Time-Tested Guidelines for Eating Seafood" 2011-07-21 at the Wayback Machine, a presentation by Jane Brody (Personal Health Columnist, The New York Times) at the 2005 Seafood & Health Conference, where she coined her own term for fear of fish: pescaphobia, from Latin for "fish"

fear, fish, ichthyophobia, ranges, from, cultural, phenomena, such, fear, eating, fish, fear, touching, fish, fear, dead, fish, irrational, fear, specific, phobia, selachophobia, galeophobia, specific, fear, sharks, ichthyophobiaother, namesgaleophobiapronunci. Fear of fish or ichthyophobia ranges from cultural phenomena such as fear of eating fish fear of touching raw fish or fear of dead fish up to irrational fear specific phobia Selachophobia or galeophobia is the specific fear of sharks 1 IchthyophobiaOther namesGaleophobiaPronunciation ˌ ɪ k 8 i oʊ ˈ f oʊ b i e SpecialtyPsychology Contents 1 Etymology 2 Phobia 3 Cultural phenomenon 4 Fear of eating fish 5 See also 6 ReferencesEtymology editThe term ichthyophobia comes from the Greek ἰx8ῦs ichthus meaning fish 2 and fobos phobos fear 3 Galeophobia comes from the Greek galeos galeos small shark 4 1 Phobia editIchthyophobia is described in Psychology An International Perspective as an unusual specific phobia 5 Both symptoms and remedies of ichthyophobia are common to most specific phobias American psychologist John B Watson a renowned name in behaviorism describes an example quoted in many books in psychology of conditioned fear of a goldfish in an infant and a way of unconditioning of the fear by what is now called graduated exposure therapy 6 Try another method Let his brother aged four who has no fear of fish come up to the bowl and put his hands in the bowl and catch the fish No amount of watching a fearless child play with these harmless animals will remove the fear from the toddler Try shaming him making a scapegoat of him Your attempts are equally futile Let us try however this simple method Place the child at meal time at one end of a table ten or twelve feet long and move the fish bowl to the extreme other end of the table and cover it Just as soon as the meal is placed before him remove the cover from the bowl If disturbance occurs extend your table and place the bowl still farther off so far away that no disturbance occurs Eating takes place normally nor is digestion interfered with Repeat the procedure on the next day but move the bowl a little nearer In four or five days the bowl can be brought right up to the food tray without causing the slightest disturbance Then take a small glass dish fill it with water and move the dish back and at subsequent meal times bring it nearer and nearer to him Again in three or four days the small glass dish can be put on the tray alongside of his milk The old fear has been driven out by training unconditioning has taken place and this unconditioning is permanent In contrast radical exposure therapy was used successfully to cure a man with a life affecting fish phobia on the 2007 documentary series The Panic Room 7 Cultural phenomenon editHistorically the Navajo people were described as being ichthyophobic 8 9 due to their aversion to fish However this was later recognised as a cultural or mythic aversion to aquatic animals 10 and not a psychological condition Fear of eating fish editThe Journal of the American Medical Association have published a research paper 11 addressing the fears of eating fish 12 among those who are concerned about contaminants such as mercury becoming accumulated in their food See also edit nbsp Look up ichthyophobia or galeophobia in Wiktionary the free dictionary List of phobiasReferences edit a b Galeophobia in medical dictionary ἰx8ῦs Henry George Liddell Robert Scott A Greek English Lexicon on Perseus fobos Henry George Liddell Robert Scott A Greek English Lexicon on Perseus galeos Henry George Liddell Robert Scott A Greek English Lexicon on Perseus Michael W Eysenck Psychology An International Perspective Psychology Press 2004 p839 ISBN 1 84169 360 X John B Watson 1929 Behaviorism The Modern Note in Psychology Tryst Williams Man cured of life affecting fish phobia Western Mail 18 April 2007 Washington Matthews Ichthyophobia The Journal of American Folklore Vol 11 No 41 1898 pp 105 112 William H Lyon The Navajos in the American Historical Imagination 1868 1900 Ethnohistory Vol 45 No 2 1998 pp 237 275 Howard M Bahr The Navajo as Seen by the Franciscans 1898 1921 A Sourcebook Scarecrow Press 2004 ISBN 0 8108 4962 3 Dariush Mozaffarian Eric B Rimm Fish Intake Contaminants and Human Health Evaluating the Risks and the Benefits Journal of the American Medical Association 2006 vol 296 pp 1885 1899 New Study Shows the Benefits of Eating Fish Greatly Outweigh the Risks an overview of the publication by Mozaffarian and Rimm in a press release by the Harvard School of Public Health Time Tested Guidelines for Eating Seafood Archived 2011 07 21 at the Wayback Machine a presentation by Jane Brody Personal Health Columnist The New York Times at the 2005 Seafood amp Health Conference where she coined her own term for fear of fish pescaphobia from Latin for fish Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fear of fish amp oldid 1178460107, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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