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Fatimah bint Asad

April 25, 2023

Fatima bint Asad (Arabic: فَاطِمَة بِنْت أَسَد Fāṭima bint ʾAsad, c. 555–626 CE), was the mother of Ali ibn Abi Talib, married to Abu Talib, and an aunt to Muhammad.

Fatima bint Asad
فَاطِمَة بِنْت أَسَد
Born
Fāṭima bint ʾAsad

c. 555 or 568 CE
Hejaz, Arabia
Diedc. 626 CE
Medina, Hejaz, Arabia
Burial placeJannat al Baqi, Medina
Known for
SpouseAbu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib
Children(see below)
Parents
FamilyBanu Hashim

Fatima bint Asad and her husband, Abu Talib, acted as prophet's adopted parents for fifteen years, since Muhammad had lost his mother, when he was six (his father had died before he was born). Years later Muhammad got the chance to pay back the love he got from Fatima bint Asad, by adopting Ali, Fatima's youngest child, as his son.

Giving birth to Ali is recorded as a miraculous event, by Shia and Sunni,[a] in the life of Fatima bint Asad. Since, as it is said, Kaaba's wall split open in order for Fatima to get in the house and give birth to her son, Ali. After Muhammad's wife, Khadija bint Khuwaylid, Fatima bint Asad was the second woman who entered the fold of Islam. Ali ibn Abi Talib was given the name of Haydar, meaning lion, by his mother Fatima bint Asad.

Ancestry

Fatima bint Asad was the wife of Abu Talib, who was Muhammad's uncle. She was the daughter of Asad ibn Hashim and Fatima bint Qays, hence a member of the Hashim clan of the Quraysh.[1]

The maternal grandfather of Muhammad's wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid, Za'ida ibn al-Asamm ibn Rawaha, was the cousin of Fatima's mother.

Biography

Raising Muhammad

Muhammad's father, Abdullah died before he was born. Then at the age of six, was orphaned from his mother too. After that, his grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib, took after him for a couple of years before he, himself died when Muhammad was eight. Then at the year 578, Muhammad was adopted by Fatima bint Asad and Abu Talib as their son. It is said that Fatima loved Muhammad more than her own children.[b][2] In his later years, Muhammad, used to say of her that she would have let her own children go hungry rather than him.[c][3]

Years later, Muhammad got the opportunity to pay back the love he received from the family, as he and his wife, Khadija, adopted Ali as their son, to help Abu Talib, go through the famine affected Mecca.[4] Moreover, it is said that Muhammad named his own daughter Fatima after Fatima bint Asad, although Khadija's mother was also called Fatima.[5]

Giving birth to Ali

Fatima bint Asad already had three sons -Talib, Aqil and Ja'far – and 2 daughters, Jumanah and Fakhitah (also known as Umm Hani)-,prior to giving birth to Ali. She is estimated to be in her late thirties at the time, while Muhammad, her adopted son was about 23.[6] So Ali was her youngest child, who was born in the year 599.[7] Her giving birth to Ali has a miraculous story. When she got the labour pains, she travelled to Kaaba, praying "Oh God, for the sake of the one who built this house, Abraham, and the child inside me, I beseech you to make this delivery easy."[8] Then, the wall of Kaaba slivered open from a corner and Fatima got inside, and delivered her child, Ali, in the house of God. After three days, according to both Shia and Sunni narrations[d] She walked out of Kaaba, with the child in her arms. Fatima named the child, Haydar, which means Lion in Arabic. This name also has a short and significant story behind it. While Ali's cousin, Muhammad,(peace be upon him) called him Ali.[9]

Second woman to embrace Islam

After Muhammad became prophet, Fatima bint Asad was the second woman, after Khadija, who entered the fold of Islam. Thus she is described as a "righteous woman".[1] Following Abu Talib's death in 620,[10][11]: 243  Fatima emigrated to Medina with Fatima bint Muhammad and her son Ali in 622.[12][13]: 686  Muhammad would regularly visit her home and would have his afternoon rest there.[1]

Death

Fatima bint Asad died in the year 625/626.[13]: 811  It is narrated by Anas bin Malik, that when Muhammad learned that Fatima had died, he went to her house to sit beside her body and prayed her funeral prayers,[citation needed] he then gave his shirt to be incorporated into her shroud, and personally helped inspecting her grave and placing her in it in the Jannat al-Baqi cemetery in Medina.[13]: 475 

Family

She married her paternal cousin, Abu Talib ibn Abd al-Muttalib. Their marriage was notable for being the first between two members of the Banu Hashim.[14] They had seven children:

  1. Talib.
  2. Fakhitah (aka "Hind" & "Umm Hani").
  3. Aqil.
  4. Jumanah.
  5. Ja'far.
  6. Rayta (aka "Asmā'" & "Umm Ṭālib").
  7. Ali, who was the husband of Muhammad's daughter Fatima.[1]

The orphaned Muhammad, who was Abu Talib's nephew and Fatima's cousin, came to live in their house in 579 (when he was eight years old).[10][11]: 131, 133 

Ancestry Chart

Lu'ayy ibn Ghalib
Ka'b ibn Lu'ayyAmir ibn Lu'ayy[1]
Murrah ibn Ka'b'Abd ibn Amir
Kilab ibn MurrahHajar ibn 'Abd
Qusayy ibn KilabRawaha ibn Hajar
Abd Manaf ibn Qusayy
Hashim ibn Abd ManafQaylah bint Amr
(Banu Khuza'ah)		Qays or Haram ibn Rawaha
Asad ibn HashimFatima bint Qays
(bint Haram)
Fatima bint Asad

See also

Notes

  1. ^ For a Sunni source see Shah Wali ullah Muhadis Dehalvi, Izala Tul Khulafa, trans. Ishtiaq Ahmed, Vol. 4 (Karachi: Qadeemi Kutubkhana), pp. 405–6; also see Ibn al-Sabbagh al-Maliki, al-Fusul al-Muhimmah fi Ma'rifat al-A'immah, Ch. 1, p. 13; famous Arab historian and geographer al-Masudi also verifies this in his highly acclaimed book, Muroojudh-Dhahab was Madain al-Jawahar (The Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems), Vol. 2, p. 76.
  2. ^ See Martin Lings, Muhammad: His Life Based on the Earliest Sources (Vermont: Inner Traditions, 2006), p. 28. Also see Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, al-Isabah fi Tamyiz al-Sahabah, Vol. 4 (1856), p. 369.
  3. ^ See Lings, Muhammad, p. 28.
  4. ^ For a Sunni source see Shah Wali ullah Muhadis Dehalvi, Izala Tul Khulafa, trans. Ishtiaq Ahmed, Vol. 4 (Karachi: Qadeemi Kutubkhana), pp. 405–6; also see Ibn al-Sabbagh al-Maliki, al-Fusul al-Muhimmah fi Ma'rifat al-A'immah, Ch. 1, p. 13; famous Arab historian and geographer al-Masudi also verifies this in his highly acclaimed book, Muroojudh-Dhahab was Madain al-Jawahar (The Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems), Vol. 2, p. 76.

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b c d e ibn Sa'd, Muhammad (1995). Kitab at-Tabaqat al-Kabir (The Book of the Major Classes). Vol. VIII The Women of Madina. Translated by Bewley, Aisha. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. ISBN 978-1-897940-24-2.
  2. ^ Abbas 1399, p. 15
  3. ^ Abbas 1399, p. 24
  4. ^ Abbas 1399, p. 29
  5. ^ Abbas 1399, p. 33
  6. ^ Abbas 1399, p. 15
  7. ^ Abbas 1399, p. 29
  8. ^ Abbas 1399, pp. 14–15
  9. ^ Abbas 1399, p. 15
  10. ^ a b ibn Ishaq, Muhammad (1955). Sīrat Rasūl Allāh (The Life of Muhammad). Translated by Guillaume, Alfred. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-8369-9260-1.[clarification needed]
  11. ^ a b Muhammad ibn Saad. Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir vol. 1. Translated by Haq, S. M. (1967). Ibn Sa'd's Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir Volume I Parts I & II. Delhi: Kitab Bhavan.
  12. ^ Abbas 1399, p. 46
  13. ^ a b c Al-Majlisi, M. B. Hayat al-Qulub. Translated by Rizvi, S. H. (2010). Volume 2: A Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad (saww). Qum: Ansariyan Publications.
  14. ^ Najeebabadi, Akbar Shah; Mubārakfūrī, Ṣafī al-Raḥmān; Abdullah, Abdul Rahman; Salafi, Muhammad Tahir (2001). The History of Islam, Volume I. p. 427.

References

  • Abbas, Hassan (1399). The Prophet's Heir: The Life of Ali ibn Abi Talib. Yale University Press.

Mahmood Ahmad Ghadanfar. Great Women of Islam. Translated by Jamila Muhammad Qawi. Darussalam Publishers & Distributors, Riyadh. Online at kalamullah.com. pp. 163–167. Retrieved 2013-06-22.

External links

April 25, 2023
fatimah, bint, asad, fatima, bint, asad, arabic, اط, fāṭima, bint, ʾasad, mother, talib, married, talib, aunt, muhammad, fatima, bint, asadف, اط, دbornfāṭima, bint, ʾasadc, hejaz, arabiadiedc, medina, hejaz, arabiaburial, placejannat, baqi, medinaknown, formot. Fatima bint Asad Arabic ف اط م ة ب ن ت أ س د Faṭima bint ʾAsad c 555 626 CE was the mother of Ali ibn Abi Talib married to Abu Talib and an aunt to Muhammad Fatima bint Asadف اط م ة ب ن ت أ س دBornFaṭima bint ʾAsadc 555 or 568 CE Hejaz ArabiaDiedc 626 CE Medina Hejaz ArabiaBurial placeJannat al Baqi MedinaKnown forMother of Ali ibn Abi TalibAunt of MuhammadSpouseAbu Talib ibn Abd al MuttalibChildren see below ParentsAsad ibn Hashim Fatima bint QaysFamilyBanu HashimFatima bint Asad and her husband Abu Talib acted as prophet s adopted parents for fifteen years since Muhammad had lost his mother when he was six his father had died before he was born Years later Muhammad got the chance to pay back the love he got from Fatima bint Asad by adopting Ali Fatima s youngest child as his son Giving birth to Ali is recorded as a miraculous event by Shia and Sunni a in the life of Fatima bint Asad Since as it is said Kaaba s wall split open in order for Fatima to get in the house and give birth to her son Ali After Muhammad s wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid Fatima bint Asad was the second woman who entered the fold of Islam Ali ibn Abi Talib was given the name of Haydar meaning lion by his mother Fatima bint Asad Contents 1 Ancestry 2 Biography 2 1 Raising Muhammad 2 2 Giving birth to Ali 2 3 Second woman to embrace Islam 2 4 Death 3 Family 4 Ancestry Chart 5 See also 6 Notes 7 Footnotes 8 References 9 External linksAncestry EditFatima bint Asad was the wife of Abu Talib who was Muhammad s uncle She was the daughter of Asad ibn Hashim and Fatima bint Qays hence a member of the Hashim clan of the Quraysh 1 The maternal grandfather of Muhammad s wife Khadija bint Khuwaylid Za ida ibn al Asamm ibn Rawaha was the cousin of Fatima s mother Biography EditRaising Muhammad Edit Muhammad s father Abdullah died before he was born Then at the age of six was orphaned from his mother too After that his grandfather Abd al Muttalib took after him for a couple of years before he himself died when Muhammad was eight Then at the year 578 Muhammad was adopted by Fatima bint Asad and Abu Talib as their son It is said that Fatima loved Muhammad more than her own children b 2 In his later years Muhammad used to say of her that she would have let her own children go hungry rather than him c 3 Years later Muhammad got the opportunity to pay back the love he received from the family as he and his wife Khadija adopted Ali as their son to help Abu Talib go through the famine affected Mecca 4 Moreover it is said that Muhammad named his own daughter Fatima after Fatima bint Asad although Khadija s mother was also called Fatima 5 Giving birth to Ali Edit Fatima bint Asad already had three sons Talib Aqil and Ja far and 2 daughters Jumanah and Fakhitah also known as Umm Hani prior to giving birth to Ali She is estimated to be in her late thirties at the time while Muhammad her adopted son was about 23 6 So Ali was her youngest child who was born in the year 599 7 Her giving birth to Ali has a miraculous story When she got the labour pains she travelled to Kaaba praying Oh God for the sake of the one who built this house Abraham and the child inside me I beseech you to make this delivery easy 8 Then the wall of Kaaba slivered open from a corner and Fatima got inside and delivered her child Ali in the house of God After three days according to both Shia and Sunni narrations d She walked out of Kaaba with the child in her arms Fatima named the child Haydar which means Lion in Arabic This name also has a short and significant story behind it While Ali s cousin Muhammad peace be upon him called him Ali 9 Second woman to embrace Islam Edit After Muhammad became prophet Fatima bint Asad was the second woman after Khadija who entered the fold of Islam Thus she is described as a righteous woman 1 Following Abu Talib s death in 620 10 11 243 Fatima emigrated to Medina with Fatima bint Muhammad and her son Ali in 622 12 13 686 Muhammad would regularly visit her home and would have his afternoon rest there 1 Death Edit Fatima bint Asad died in the year 625 626 13 811 It is narrated by Anas bin Malik that when Muhammad learned that Fatima had died he went to her house to sit beside her body and prayed her funeral prayers citation needed he then gave his shirt to be incorporated into her shroud and personally helped inspecting her grave and placing her in it in the Jannat al Baqi cemetery in Medina 13 475 Family EditShe married her paternal cousin Abu Talib ibn Abd al Muttalib Their marriage was notable for being the first between two members of the Banu Hashim 14 They had seven children Talib Fakhitah aka Hind amp Umm Hani Aqil Jumanah Ja far Rayta aka Asma amp Umm Ṭalib Ali who was the husband of Muhammad s daughter Fatima 1 The orphaned Muhammad who was Abu Talib s nephew and Fatima s cousin came to live in their house in 579 when he was eight years old 10 11 131 133 Ancestry Chart EditLu ayy ibn GhalibKa b ibn Lu ayyAmir ibn Lu ayy 1 Murrah ibn Ka b Abd ibn AmirKilab ibn MurrahHajar ibn AbdQusayy ibn KilabRawaha ibn HajarAbd Manaf ibn QusayyHashim ibn Abd ManafQaylah bint Amr Banu Khuza ah Qays or Haram ibn RawahaAsad ibn HashimFatima bint Qays bint Haram Fatima bint AsadSee also EditAbu Talib ibn Abd al Muttalib Zubayr ibn Abd al Muttalib Abd Allah ibn Abd al Muttalib Barrah bint Abd al Muttalib Arwa bint Abd al Muttalib Atikah bint Abd al Muttalib Umm Ḥakim al Baiḍa bint Abd al Muttalib Umayma bint Abd al MuttalibNotes Edit For a Sunni source see Shah Wali ullah Muhadis Dehalvi Izala Tul Khulafa trans Ishtiaq Ahmed Vol 4 Karachi Qadeemi Kutubkhana pp 405 6 also see Ibn al Sabbagh al Maliki al Fusul al Muhimmah fi Ma rifat al A immah Ch 1 p 13 famous Arab historian and geographer al Masudi also verifies this in his highly acclaimed book Muroojudh Dhahab was Madain al Jawahar The Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems Vol 2 p 76 See Martin Lings Muhammad His Life Based on the Earliest Sources Vermont Inner Traditions 2006 p 28 Also see Ibn Hajar al Asqalani al Isabah fi Tamyiz al Sahabah Vol 4 1856 p 369 See Lings Muhammad p 28 For a Sunni source see Shah Wali ullah Muhadis Dehalvi Izala Tul Khulafa trans Ishtiaq Ahmed Vol 4 Karachi Qadeemi Kutubkhana pp 405 6 also see Ibn al Sabbagh al Maliki al Fusul al Muhimmah fi Ma rifat al A immah Ch 1 p 13 famous Arab historian and geographer al Masudi also verifies this in his highly acclaimed book Muroojudh Dhahab was Madain al Jawahar The Meadows of Gold and Mines of Gems Vol 2 p 76 Footnotes Edit a b c d e ibn Sa d Muhammad 1995 Kitab at Tabaqat al Kabir The Book of the Major Classes Vol VIII The Women of Madina Translated by Bewley Aisha London Ta Ha Publishers ISBN 978 1 897940 24 2 Abbas 1399 p 15 Abbas 1399 p 24 Abbas 1399 p 29 Abbas 1399 p 33 Abbas 1399 p 15 Abbas 1399 p 29 Abbas 1399 pp 14 15 Abbas 1399 p 15 a b ibn Ishaq Muhammad 1955 Sirat Rasul Allah The Life of Muhammad Translated by Guillaume Alfred Oxford Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 8369 9260 1 clarification needed a b Muhammad ibn Saad Kitab al Tabaqat al Kabir vol 1 Translated by Haq S M 1967 Ibn Sa d s Kitab al Tabaqat al Kabir Volume I Parts I amp II Delhi Kitab Bhavan Abbas 1399 p 46 a b c Al Majlisi M B Hayat al Qulub Translated by Rizvi S H 2010 Volume 2 A Detailed Biography of Prophet Muhammad saww Qum Ansariyan Publications Najeebabadi Akbar Shah Mubarakfuri Ṣafi al Raḥman Abdullah Abdul Rahman Salafi Muhammad Tahir 2001 The History of Islam Volume I p 427 References EditAbbas Hassan 1399 The Prophet s Heir The Life of Ali ibn Abi Talib Yale University Press Mahmood Ahmad Ghadanfar Great Women of Islam Translated by Jamila Muhammad Qawi Darussalam Publishers amp Distributors Riyadh Online at kalamullah com pp 163 167 Retrieved 2013 06 22 External links EditFatima bint Asad amp Kaaba Archived 6 February 2006 at the Wayback Machine Yazehra Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Fatimah bint Asad amp oldid 1149305353, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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