Fähnrich
Fähnrich (German pronunciation: [ˈfɛːnʁɪç]) is an officer candidate rank in the Austrian Bundesheer and German Bundeswehr. The word Fähnrich comes from an older German military title, Fahnenträger (flag bearer), and first became a distinct military rank in Germany on 1 January 1899. However, Fähnrich ranks are often incorrectly compared with the rank of ensign,[citation needed] which shares a similar etymology but is a full-fledged (albeit junior) commissioned officer rank.
In the German Landsknecht armies, recorded from ca. 1480, the equivalent rank of a Cornet existed. The cornet carried the troop standard, also known as a "cornet".
The rank also exists in a few other European military organizations, often with historical ties to the German system. Examples are the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Norway, and Finland (see Fänrik). The French Army has a similar position called an Aspirant.
In the Finnish Army and Air Force, Vänrikki (Fänrik) is the lowest commissioned officer rank, which is granted to the soldiers in the national service on the day they are released from their 347-day service. Finnish Vänrikki are thus of equal rank to the German lieutenant (also a platoon leader).
Austria edit
Austrian Bundesheer edit
| Fähnrich | |
|---|---|
| Field and service uniform insignia | |
| Country | Austria |
| Service branch | Austrian Armed Forces |
| Abbreviation | Fhr |
| Rank group | Junior officer |
| Non-NATO rank | OF-1[1] |
| Formation | 1955 |
| Next higher rank | Leutnant |
| Next lower rank | Vizeleutnant |
Fähnrich, short Fhr, is the lowest commissioned officer rank in the Austrian Armed Forces.
Austria-Hungaria (until 1918) edit
Fähnrich was the lowest officer rank in the k.u.k. Common Army. In 1838 it was renamed to Unterleutnant 2. Gebürnisklasse, from 1849 to Unterleutnant 2. Klasse, since 1868 to Unterleutnant, and finally approximately from 1868 to Leutnant. In 1908 Fähnrich was re-introduced as lowest cadet-officer rank in order to replace the 1869 rank designation Kadett-Offiziersstellvertreter. Fähnrich, Kadett-Offiziersstellvertreter respectively completed training and education on the less famous so-called k.u.k. Kadettenschule. As the Kadett-Offiziersstellvertreter was the highest NCO-rank, became Fähnrich a separate rank-class. However, graduates from the much more famous Militärakademie became the officer patent for Leutnant.
In the k.u. Royal Hungarian Honvéd army Zászlós was the equivalent to the Fähnrich rank. It accounted immediately to the officer corps.
| Designation | Cadet officer-deputy until 1908 | Fähnrich 1908-1918 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Paroli | ||||
| Rank description | Kadett-Offizierstellvertreter | Fähnrich | ||
| (Hungarian) | (Hadapród-Tiszthelyettes) | (Zászlós) | ||
Denmark edit
In 1609, Christian IV of Denmark created a permanent organization with regiments of the Royal Danish Army. A regiment would be assigned one ritmester, one løjtnant, one fænrik, and two korporals.[2]
By 1717, the ranks of Fendrich and Cornet of the Royal Life Guards were placed in the Eight class in the Danish order of precedence, normal Fendrichs and Cornets were placed in the Ninth class.[3]
Between 1951 and 1970, Fenrik and Overfenrik were part of Fenriksgruppen, which served as Warrant officers.[4][5]
Finland edit
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (July 2022) |
Germany edit
| Fähnrich | |
|---|---|
| Heer and Luftwaffe shoulder insignia | |
| Country | Germany |
| Service branch | German Army German Air Force |
| Abbreviation | Fähnr |
| Rank | German NCO rank |
| NATO rank code | OR-6 |
| Non-NATO rank | E-6 |
| Formation | 1956 |
| Next higher rank | Oberfähnrich |
| Next lower rank | Fahnenjunker |
| Equivalent ranks | Fähnrich zur See |
Bundeswehr edit
A Fähnrich of the Bundeswehr is a soldier who serves in the ranks, first as Fahnenjunker (OR-5, comparable to the junior non-commissioned officer rank Unteroffizier), then in subsequent grades: Fähnrich (OR-6, equivalent to Feldwebel), and Oberfähnrich (OR-7 equivalent to Hauptfeldwebel).
In the German Bundeswehr, an officer candidate (German: Offiziersanwärter) can reach the rank of Fähnrich after 21 months of service. The German Navy equivalent is "Ensign at sea" (German: Fähnrich zur See).
An officer candidate's career is indicated by the enlisted rank with a thin silver cord on the shoulder strap.
| NATO code | OR-7 | OR-6 | OR-5 |
|---|---|---|---|
| German Army | |||
| German Air Force | |||
| Oberfähnrich | Fähnrich | Fahnenjunker |
History edit
Imperial German Army edit
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (July 2022) |
National People's Army edit
Following the creation of the National People's Army, a Fähnrich rank group was created.
Netherlands edit
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (July 2022) |
Norway edit
In the Norwegian Armed Forces, the rank of Fenrik is the lowest ranking commissioned officer,[6] with the NATO code of OF-1.[7]
Sweden edit
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (July 2022) |
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "Rank Insignias". bundesheer.at. Ministry of Defence. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
- ^ Madsen, Emil (1904). "De nationale Tropper, samt Hærvæsenets Styrelse i det 16. Aarhundrede" (PDF). Historisk Tidsskrift (in Danish). 5 (7): 134. Retrieved 6 August 2023.
- ^ Ilsøe, Lars. "Holberg og rangvæsenet". holbergsskrifter.dk (in Danish). Retrieved 4 November 2023.
- ^ Ventegodt, Ole (6 April 2017). "fenrik". denstoredanske.lex.dk/ (in Danish). Retrieved 16 September 2023.
- ^ "Rank insignia of the Danish Armed Forces". Military Uniforms 1959-1962 DA Pam 355-120. United States Department of the Army. 1962. Retrieved 16 September 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Militære grader". forsvaret.no (in Norwegian). Norwegian Armed Forces. 4 February 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
- ^ NATO 2021, p. A-5.
- Sources
- NATO (2021). STANAG 2116 NATO (7th ed.). Brussels, Belgium: NATO Standardization Agency.