Watchful waiting (also watch and wait or WAW) is an approach to a medical problem in which time is allowed to pass before medical intervention or therapy is used. During this time, repeated testing may be performed.
Watchful waiting
[edit on Wikidata]
Related terms include expectant management,[1][2]active surveillance (especially active surveillance of prostate cancer),[3] and masterly inactivity.[4] The term masterly inactivity is also used in nonmedical contexts.[5]
A distinction can be drawn between watchful waiting and medical observation,[6] but some sources equate the terms.[7][8] Usually, watchful waiting is an outpatient process and may have a duration of months or years. In contrast, medical observation is usually an inpatient process, often involving frequent or even continuous monitoring and may have a duration of hours or days.
Often watchful waiting is recommended in situations with a high likelihood of self-resolution if there is high uncertainty concerning the diagnosis, and the risks of intervention or therapy may outweigh the benefits.
Watchful waiting is often recommended for many common illnesses such as ear infections in children;[9] because the majority of cases resolve spontaneously, antibiotics will often be prescribed only after several days of symptoms. It is also a strategy frequently used in surgery prior to a possible operation,[10] when it is possible for a symptom (for example abdominal pain) to either improve naturally or become worse.
gender dysphoria in children prior to the onset of puberty[13][14]
Processedit
Watchful waitingedit
In many applications, a key component of watchful waiting is the use of an explicit decision tree or other protocol to ensure a timely transition from watchful waiting to another form of management, as needed.[15] This is particularly common in the post-surgical management of cancer survivors, in whom cancer recurrence is a significant concern.
Medical observationedit
Usually, patients in observation, according to hospital policy, are kept in observation for only 24 or 48 hours before they will be discharged or admitted as an inpatient. Insurance can play a role in how "observation" is defined (for example, US Medicare does not support observation services for over 48 hours).[16]
^Pestana, Carlos (7 April 2020). Pestana's Surgery Notes (Fifth ed.). Kaplan Test Prep. pp. 6–7. ISBN978-1506254340. Signs of a fracture affecting the base of the skull include raccoon eyes, rhinorrhea, and otorrhea or ecchymosis behind the ear. Expectant management is the rule. From our perspective, the significance of a base of the skull fracture is that it indicates that the patient sustained very severe head trauma
^"Definition of expectant management - NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms".
^"Watchful Waiting or Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer".
^"Definition of watchful waiting - NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms". January 1980.
^American Academy of Pediatrics June 14, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
^Kendall C, Murray S (April 2006). "Is watchful waiting a reasonable approach for men with minimally symptomatic inguinal hernia?". CMAJ. 174 (9): 1263–4. doi:10.1503/cmaj.060299. PMC1435959. PMID 16636325.
^Meredith LS, Cheng WJ, Hickey SC, Dwight-Johnson M (January 2007). "Factors associated with primary care clinicians' choice of a watchful waiting approach to managing depression". Psychiatr Serv. 58 (1): 72–8. doi:10.1176/appi.ps.58.1.72-a. PMID 17215415.
^Varrasso DA, Ashe D, Ruben R, Propp R (August 2006). "Watchful waiting for acute otitis media: are parents and physicians ready?". Pediatrics. 118 (2): 849–50. doi:10.1542/peds.2005-2786. PMID 16882857. S2CID 7808557.
^Kettenis PC, van de Waal HD, Gooren L (August 2008). "The Treatment of Adolescent Transsexuals: Changing Insights". The Journal of Sexual Medicine. 5 (8): 1892–1897. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00870.x. PMID 18564158.
^de Vries A, Kettenis PC (March 2012). "Clinical Management of Gender Dysphoria in Children and Adolescents: The Dutch Approach". Journal of Sexuality. 59 (3): 301–320. doi:10.1080/00918369.2012.653300.
^Katz DA, Littenberg B, Cronenwett JL (November 1992). "Management of small abdominal aortic aneurysms. Early surgery vs watchful waiting". JAMA. 268 (19): 2678–86. doi:10.1001/jama.268.19.2678. PMID 1433687.
^"Gundersen Lutheran - What is Outpatient Observation?".
External linksedit
Lymphoma Treatment: Watch and Wait
Watchful Waiting and Monitoring Indolent Lymphomas
Watchful Waiting: Chapter from Lymphoma Australia's "Your Journey Of Lymphoma Treatments" DVD
January 01, 1970
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Watchful waiting also watch and wait or WAW is an approach to a medical problem in which time is allowed to pass before medical intervention or therapy is used During this time repeated testing may be performed Watchful waiting edit on Wikidata Related terms include expectant management 1 2 active surveillance especially active surveillance of prostate cancer 3 and masterly inactivity 4 The term masterly inactivity is also used in nonmedical contexts 5 A distinction can be drawn between watchful waiting and medical observation 6 but some sources equate the terms 7 8 Usually watchful waiting is an outpatient process and may have a duration of months or years In contrast medical observation is usually an inpatient process often involving frequent or even continuous monitoring and may have a duration of hours or days Contents 1 Medical uses 2 Process 2 1 Watchful waiting 2 2 Medical observation 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksMedical uses editOften watchful waiting is recommended in situations with a high likelihood of self resolution if there is high uncertainty concerning the diagnosis and the risks of intervention or therapy may outweigh the benefits Watchful waiting is often recommended for many common illnesses such as ear infections in children 9 because the majority of cases resolve spontaneously antibiotics will often be prescribed only after several days of symptoms It is also a strategy frequently used in surgery prior to a possible operation 10 when it is possible for a symptom for example abdominal pain to either improve naturally or become worse Other examples include the diagnosis and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia depression 11 otitis media 12 inguinal hernia odd behaviors in infants non symptomatic kidney stones gender dysphoria in children prior to the onset of puberty 13 14 Process editWatchful waiting edit In many applications a key component of watchful waiting is the use of an explicit decision tree or other protocol to ensure a timely transition from watchful waiting to another form of management as needed 15 This is particularly common in the post surgical management of cancer survivors in whom cancer recurrence is a significant concern Medical observation edit Usually patients in observation according to hospital policy are kept in observation for only 24 or 48 hours before they will be discharged or admitted as an inpatient Insurance can play a role in how observation is defined for example US Medicare does not support observation services for over 48 hours 16 See also editPublic health surveillance Waiting in healthcare Monitoring medicine References edit Pestana Carlos 7 April 2020 Pestana s Surgery Notes Fifth ed Kaplan Test Prep pp 6 7 ISBN 978 1506254340 Signs of a fracture affecting the base of the skull include raccoon eyes rhinorrhea and otorrhea or ecchymosis behind the ear Expectant management is the rule From our perspective the significance of a base of the skull fracture is that it indicates that the patient sustained very severe head trauma Definition of expectant management NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms Watchful Waiting or Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer Vaile JC Griffith MJ September 1997 Management of asymptomatic aortic stenosis masterly inactivity but cat like observation Heart 78 3 215 7 doi 10 1136 hrt 78 3 215 PMC 484918 PMID 9391278 Masterly Inactivity TIME Time 1952 08 18 Archived from the original on January 10 2008 Retrieved 2010 05 27 Australian Prostate Cancer Website Prostate cancer guide MayoClinic com Definition of watchful waiting NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms January 1980 American Academy of Pediatrics Archived June 14 2007 at the Wayback Machine Kendall C Murray S April 2006 Is watchful waiting a reasonable approach for men with minimally symptomatic inguinal hernia CMAJ 174 9 1263 4 doi 10 1503 cmaj 060299 PMC 1435959 PMID 16636325 Meredith LS Cheng WJ Hickey SC Dwight Johnson M January 2007 Factors associated with primary care clinicians choice of a watchful waiting approach to managing depression Psychiatr Serv 58 1 72 8 doi 10 1176 appi ps 58 1 72 a PMID 17215415 Varrasso DA Ashe D Ruben R Propp R August 2006 Watchful waiting for acute otitis media are parents and physicians ready Pediatrics 118 2 849 50 doi 10 1542 peds 2005 2786 PMID 16882857 S2CID 7808557 Kettenis PC van de Waal HD Gooren L August 2008 The Treatment of Adolescent Transsexuals Changing Insights The Journal of Sexual Medicine 5 8 1892 1897 doi 10 1111 j 1743 6109 2008 00870 x PMID 18564158 de Vries A Kettenis PC March 2012 Clinical Management of Gender Dysphoria in Children and Adolescents The Dutch Approach Journal of Sexuality 59 3 301 320 doi 10 1080 00918369 2012 653300 Katz DA Littenberg B Cronenwett JL November 1992 Management of small abdominal aortic aneurysms Early surgery vs watchful waiting JAMA 268 19 2678 86 doi 10 1001 jama 268 19 2678 PMID 1433687 Gundersen Lutheran What is Outpatient Observation External links editLymphoma Treatment Watch and Wait Watchful Waiting and Monitoring Indolent Lymphomas Watchful Waiting Chapter from Lymphoma Australia s Your Journey Of Lymphoma Treatments DVD Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Watchful waiting amp oldid 1219711774, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
