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Terrane

August 28, 2023

Not to be confused with Terrain.

In geology, a terrane (/təˈreɪn, ˈtɛreɪn/;[1][2] in full, a tectonostratigraphic terrane) is a crust fragment formed on a tectonic plate (or broken off from it) and accreted or "sutured" to crust lying on another plate. The crustal block or fragment preserves its own distinctive geologic history, which is different from that of the surrounding areas—hence the term "exotic" terrane. The suture zone between a terrane and the crust it attaches to is usually identifiable as a fault. A sedimentary deposit that buries the contact of the terrane with adjacent rock is called an overlap formation. An igneous intrusion that has intruded and obscured the contact of a terrane with adjacent rock is called a stitching pluton.

Older usage of terrane simply described a series of related rock formations or an area having a preponderance of a particular rock or rock groups.

Overview Edit

A tectonostratigraphic terrane is not necessarily an independent microplate in origin, since it may not contain the full thickness of the lithosphere. It is a piece of crust which has been transported laterally, usually as part of a larger plate, and is relatively buoyant due to thickness or low density. When the plate of which it was a part subducted under another plate, the terrane failed to subduct, detached from its transporting plate, and accreted onto the overriding plate. Therefore, the terrane transferred from one plate to the other. Typically, accreting terranes are portions of continental crust which have rifted off another continental mass and been transported surrounded by oceanic crust, or they are old island arcs formed at some distant subduction zones.

A tectonostratigraphic terrane is a fault-bounded package of rocks of at least regional extent characterized by a geologic history which differs from that of neighboring terranes. The basic characteristics of these terranes is that the present spatial relations are not compatible with the inferred geologic histories. Where terranes which lie next to each other possess strata of the same age, it must be demonstrable that the geologic evolutions are different and incompatible, and there must be an absence of intermediate lithofacies which could link the strata.

The concept of tectonostratigraphic terrane developed from studies in the 1970s of the complicated Pacific Cordilleran orogenic margin of North America, a complex and diverse geological potpourri that was difficult to explain until the new science of plate tectonics illuminated the ability of crustal fragments to "drift" thousands of miles from their origin and fetch up, crumpled, against an exotic shore. Such terranes were dubbed "accreted terranes" by geologists.

It was soon determined that these exotic crustal slices had in fact originated as "suspect terranes" in regions at some considerable remove, frequently thousands of kilometers, from the orogenic belt where they had eventually ended up. It followed that the present orogenic belt was itself an accretionary collage, composed of numerous terranes derived from around the circum-Pacific region and now sutured together along major faults. These concepts were soon applied to other, older orogenic belts, e.g. the Appalachian belt of North America.... Support for the new hypothesis came not only from structural and lithological studies, but also from studies of faunal biodiversity and palaeomagnetism.[3]

When terranes are composed of repeated accretionary events, and hence are composed of subunits with distinct history and structure, they may be called superterranes.[4]

Tectonostratigraphic terranes Edit

Africa

Asia

Taiwan

  • Coastal Range Terrane[6]
  • Longitudinal Valley Terrane[6]
  • Eastern Central Range Terrane[6]
  • Western Central Range Terrane[6]
  • Hsuehshan Range Terrane[6]
  • Western Foothills Terrane[6]
  • Coastal Plain Terrane[6]

Tibet

Australasia

Europe

Fennoscandia

North America

South America

References Edit

Citations Edit

  1. ^ "terrane". Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Retrieved 2022-10-27.
  2. ^ "terrane". Dictionary.com Unabridged (Online). n.d. Retrieved 2023-04-02.
  3. ^ Carney, J. N. et al. (2000). Precambrian Rocks of England and Wales, (Geological Conservation Review Series, v. 20). UK: Joint Nature Conservation Committee. ISBN 978-1861074874.
  4. ^ "Terranes" 2004-12-12 at the Wayback Machine University of British Columbia website
  5. ^ Schematic map of the Siberian craton showing boundaries of the craton and its terranes
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Okaya, D.; Christensen, N.I.; Ross, Z.E.; Wu, F.T. (2016). "Terrane‐controlled crustal shear wave splitting in Taiwan". Geophysical Research Letters. 43 (2): 556–563. Bibcode:2016GeoRL..43..556O. doi:10.1002/2015GL066446.
  7. ^ a b c d e f Aitchison, J. C., Ali, J. R., and Davis, A. M. (2007) "When and where did India and Asia collide?" Journal of Geophysical Research, v.112, pp.1–19
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h Mortimer, N; Rattenbury, MS; King, PR; Bland, KJ; Barrell, DJA; Bache, F; Begg, JG; Campbell, HJ; Cox, SC; Crampton, JS; Edbrooke, SW; Forsyth, PJ; Johnston, MR; Jongens, R; Lee, JM; Leonard, GS; Raine, JI; Skinner, DNB; Timm, C; Townsend, DB; Tulloch, AJ; Turnbull, IM; Turnbull, RE (2014). "High-level stratigraphic scheme for New Zealand rocks". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 57 (4): 402–419. doi:10.1080/00288306.2014.946062. ISSN 0028-8306.
  9. ^ Pharao, et al. (1996) Tectonic map of Britain, Ireland & adjacent areas UK:British Geological Survey
  10. ^ a b c d Viola, G.; Henderson, I.H.C.; Bingen, B.; Hendriks, B.W.H. (2011). "The Grenvillian–Sveconorwegian orogeny in Fennoscandia: Back-thrusting and extensional shearing along the 'Mylonite Zone'". Precambrian Research. 189 (3–4): 368–88. Bibcode:2011PreR..189..368V. doi:10.1016/j.precamres.2011.06.005. Retrieved 22 August 2015.
  11. ^ Cuthberta, S.J.; Carswellb, D.A.; Krogh-Ravnac, E.J.; Waind, A. (2000). "Eclogites and eclogites in the Western Gneiss Region, Norwegian Caledonides". Lithos. 52 (1–4): 165–195. Bibcode:2000Litho..52..165C. doi:10.1016/s0024-4937(99)00090-0.
  12. ^ a b c Hild, Martha; Barr, Sandra (2015). Geology of Nova Scotia. Portugal Cove: Boulder Publications. p. 18. ISBN 9781927099438.
  13. ^ a b c d Miller, Brent (1997). Geology, Geochronology, and Tectonic Significance of the Blair River Inlier, Northern Cape Breton Island, Nova Scotia. Halifax: Dalhousie University. p. 260.

General bibliography Edit

  • McPhee, John (1981). Basin and Range. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • McPhee, John (1983). In Suspect Terrain. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
  • McPhee, John (1993). Assembling California. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.

External links Edit

 
Look up terrane in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
 
The Wikibook Historical Geology has a page on the topic of: Terranes
  • Examples of accreted terrane in Idaho

August 28, 2023
terrane, confused, with, terrain, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, . Not to be confused with Terrain This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Terrane news newspapers books scholar JSTOR July 2022 Learn how and when to remove this template message In geology a terrane t e ˈ r eɪ n ˈ t ɛr eɪ n 1 2 in full a tectonostratigraphic terrane is a crust fragment formed on a tectonic plate or broken off from it and accreted or sutured to crust lying on another plate The crustal block or fragment preserves its own distinctive geologic history which is different from that of the surrounding areas hence the term exotic terrane The suture zone between a terrane and the crust it attaches to is usually identifiable as a fault A sedimentary deposit that buries the contact of the terrane with adjacent rock is called an overlap formation An igneous intrusion that has intruded and obscured the contact of a terrane with adjacent rock is called a stitching pluton Older usage of terrane simply described a series of related rock formations or an area having a preponderance of a particular rock or rock groups Contents 1 Overview 2 Tectonostratigraphic terranes 3 References 3 1 Citations 3 2 General bibliography 4 External linksOverview EditA tectonostratigraphic terrane is not necessarily an independent microplate in origin since it may not contain the full thickness of the lithosphere It is a piece of crust which has been transported laterally usually as part of a larger plate and is relatively buoyant due to thickness or low density When the plate of which it was a part subducted under another plate the terrane failed to subduct detached from its transporting plate and accreted onto the overriding plate Therefore the terrane transferred from one plate to the other Typically accreting terranes are portions of continental crust which have rifted off another continental mass and been transported surrounded by oceanic crust or they are old island arcs formed at some distant subduction zones A tectonostratigraphic terrane is a fault bounded package of rocks of at least regional extent characterized by a geologic history which differs from that of neighboring terranes The basic characteristics of these terranes is that the present spatial relations are not compatible with the inferred geologic histories Where terranes which lie next to each other possess strata of the same age it must be demonstrable that the geologic evolutions are different and incompatible and there must be an absence of intermediate lithofacies which could link the strata The concept of tectonostratigraphic terrane developed from studies in the 1970s of the complicated Pacific Cordilleran orogenic margin of North America a complex and diverse geological potpourri that was difficult to explain until the new science of plate tectonics illuminated the ability of crustal fragments to drift thousands of miles from their origin and fetch up crumpled against an exotic shore Such terranes were dubbed accreted terranes by geologists It was soon determined that these exotic crustal slices had in fact originated as suspect terranes in regions at some considerable remove frequently thousands of kilometers from the orogenic belt where they had eventually ended up It followed that the present orogenic belt was itself an accretionary collage composed of numerous terranes derived from around the circum Pacific region and now sutured together along major faults These concepts were soon applied to other older orogenic belts e g the Appalachian belt of North America Support for the new hypothesis came not only from structural and lithological studies but also from studies of faunal biodiversity and palaeomagnetism 3 When terranes are composed of repeated accretionary events and hence are composed of subunits with distinct history and structure they may be called superterranes 4 Tectonostratigraphic terranes EditThis list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items July 2019 Africa Alkapeca Birminian Terrane Kahiltna Terrane Likasi Terrane Mozambique Belt Asia Aldan Terrane Birekte Terrane 5 Bargusin Terrane Daldyn Terrane Magan Terrane Markha Terrane Midyan Terrane Shan Thai Terrane Tungus Terrane Tynda Terrane Uchur Terrane Taiwan Coastal Range Terrane 6 Longitudinal Valley Terrane 6 Eastern Central Range Terrane 6 Western Central Range Terrane 6 Hsuehshan Range Terrane 6 Western Foothills Terrane 6 Coastal Plain Terrane 6 Tibet Lhasa Terrane 7 Qiangtang Terrane 7 Xigaze Terrane 7 Bainang Terrane 7 Zedong Terrane 7 Dazhuqu Terrane 7 Australasia Brook Street Terrane 8 Buller Terrane 8 Caples Terrane 8 East Tasmanian Terrane Glenburgh Terrane Dun Mountain Maitai Terrane 8 Molong Monaro Terrane Murihiku Terrane 8 Narryer Gneiss Terrane Takaka Terrane 8 Torlesse Composite Terrane 8 Waipapa Composite Terrane 8 West Tasmanian Terrane Europe Alkapeca Armorican terrane Avalonia Avalon Composite Terrane Balearic Terrane Brianconnais Terrane Central Highlands Terrane Central Southern Uplands Terrane Charnwood Terrane Hebridean Terrane Leinster Lakesman Terrane Midland Valley Terrane North Armorican Composite Terrane Northern Highlands Terrane Rosslare Monian Terranes Southern North Sea Terrane Tregor La Hague Terrane Wrekin Terrane 9 Fennoscandia Bamble Terrane 10 Idefjorden Terrane 10 Kongsberg Terrane 10 Telemarkia Terrane 10 Western Gneiss Region 11 North America Avalonia Terrane 12 Bancroft Terrane 13 Buffalo Head Terrane Cache Creek Terrane Carolina Terrane Cassiar Terrane Crescent Terrane Elzevir Terrane 13 Frontenac Terrane 13 Franciscan Complex Ganderia Terrane 12 Hottah Terrane Insular Superterrane Intermontane Plate and Intermontane Belt Meguma Terrane 12 Occidentalia Terrane Pacific Rim Terrane Pearya Terrane Quesnellia Salinian Block Slide Mountain Terrane Smartville Block Sonomia Terrane Steel Mountain Terrane 13 Stikinia Wrangellia Terrane Yakutat Block Yukon Tanana Terrane South America Arequipa Antofalla Chaitenia Chilenia Chiloe Block Cuchilla Dionisio Terrane Cuyania Fitz Roy Terrane Madre de Dios Terrane Mejillonia Nico Perez Terrane Pampia Paranapanema block Piedra Alta Terrane Tandilia TerraneReferences EditCitations Edit terrane Merriam Webster Dictionary Retrieved 2022 10 27 terrane Dictionary com Unabridged Online n d Retrieved 2023 04 02 Carney J N et al 2000 Precambrian Rocks of England and Wales Geological Conservation Review Series v 20 UK Joint Nature Conservation Committee ISBN 978 1861074874 Terranes Archived 2004 12 12 at the Wayback Machine University of British Columbia website Schematic map of the Siberian craton showing boundaries of the craton and its terranes a b c d e f g Okaya D Christensen N I Ross Z E Wu F T 2016 Terrane controlled crustal shear wave splitting in Taiwan Geophysical Research Letters 43 2 556 563 Bibcode 2016GeoRL 43 556O doi 10 1002 2015GL066446 a b c d e f Aitchison J C Ali J R and Davis A M 2007 When and where did India and Asia collide Journal of Geophysical Research v 112 pp 1 19 a b c d e f g h Mortimer N Rattenbury MS King PR Bland KJ Barrell DJA Bache F Begg JG Campbell HJ Cox SC Crampton JS Edbrooke SW Forsyth PJ Johnston MR Jongens R Lee JM Leonard GS Raine JI Skinner DNB Timm C Townsend DB Tulloch AJ Turnbull IM Turnbull RE 2014 High level stratigraphic scheme for New Zealand rocks New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 57 4 402 419 doi 10 1080 00288306 2014 946062 ISSN 0028 8306 Pharao et al 1996 Tectonic map of Britain Ireland amp adjacent areas UK British Geological Survey a b c d Viola G Henderson I H C Bingen B Hendriks B W H 2011 The Grenvillian Sveconorwegian orogeny in Fennoscandia Back thrusting and extensional shearing along the Mylonite Zone Precambrian Research 189 3 4 368 88 Bibcode 2011PreR 189 368V doi 10 1016 j precamres 2011 06 005 Retrieved 22 August 2015 Cuthberta S J Carswellb D A Krogh Ravnac E J Waind A 2000 Eclogites and eclogites in the Western Gneiss Region Norwegian Caledonides Lithos 52 1 4 165 195 Bibcode 2000Litho 52 165C doi 10 1016 s0024 4937 99 00090 0 a b c Hild Martha Barr Sandra 2015 Geology of Nova Scotia Portugal Cove Boulder Publications p 18 ISBN 9781927099438 a b c d Miller Brent 1997 Geology Geochronology and Tectonic Significance of the Blair River Inlier Northern Cape Breton Island Nova Scotia Halifax Dalhousie University p 260 General bibliography Edit McPhee John 1981 Basin and Range New York Farrar Straus and Giroux McPhee John 1983 In Suspect Terrain New York Farrar Straus and Giroux McPhee John 1993 Assembling California New York Farrar Straus and Giroux External links Edit Look up terrane in Wiktionary the free dictionary The Wikibook Historical Geology has a page on the topic of Terranes West Antarctica terrane analysis Examples of accreted terrane in Idaho Alaskan Terranes Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Terrane amp oldid 1151616715, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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