An exopolymer is a biopolymer that is secreted by an organism into the environment (i.e. external to the organism). These exopolymers include the biofilms produced by bacteria to anchor them and protect them from environmental conditions.[1] One type of expolymer, Transparent Exopolymers (TEP), found in both marine and aquatic ecosystems, are planktonic acidic polysaccharides of a gel-like consistency, originally defined by their ability to be stained visible by acidic Alcian Blue.[2] Their free-floating characteristic sets TEPs aside from other extracellular polymeric substance subgroups where exopolymers exists as cell coating, dissolved slime or as part of biofilm matrices.[3]
The formation of Transparent Exopolymer Particles(TEP) is mainly due to the abiotic coagulation of dissolved carbohydrates, which is secreted by the phytoplankton communities. Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP) have the ability to form larger aggregates because of their strong surface active properties or “stickiness”. This particular property of TEP allows them to perform as a glue matrix for other solid particles including detritus.[4]
Transparent Exopolymer Particles (TEP) is also a carbon source for bacteria, which plays a significant role in affecting the food web structure and the carbon cycle in the ocean. Additionally, the conversion of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to particulate organic carbon (POC) is an aggregation process that is due to TEP formation.[5]
Referencesedit
^Cho, J. C.; Vergin, K. L.; Morris, R. M.; Giovannoni, S. J. (2004). "Lentisphaera araneosa gen. Nov., sp. Nov, a transparent exopolymer producing marine bacterium, and the description of a novel bacterial phylum, Lentisphaerae". Environmental Microbiology. 6 (6): 611–621. doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00614.x. PMID 15142250.
^Bar-Zeev, Edo; Passow, Uta; Romero-Vargas Castrillón, Santiago; Elimelech, Menachem (2015-01-20). "Transparent Exopolymer Particles: From Aquatic Environments and Engineered Systems to Membrane Biofouling". Environmental Science & Technology. 49 (2): 691–707. Bibcode:2015EnST...49..691B. doi:10.1021/es5041738. ISSN 0013-936X. PMID 25494664.
^Passow, U. (2002-11-01). "Transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) in aquatic environments" (PDF). Progress in Oceanography. 55 (3–4): 287–333. Bibcode:2002PrOce..55..287P. doi:10.1016/S0079-6611(02)00138-6. ISSN 0079-6611. S2CID 31747785.
^Miller, Lisa; Vagle, Svein; Wurl, Oliver (July 2011). "Production and fate of transparent exopolymer particles in the ocean". Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans. 116 (C7): C00H13. Bibcode:2011JGRC..116.0H13W. doi:10.1029/2011JC007342. ISSN 0148-0227.
^Gazeau, Frederic; Guieu, Cecile; Louis, Justine; Pedrotti, Maria (17 February 2017). "Experimental evidence of formation of transparent exopolymer particles (TEP) and POC export provoked by dust addition under current and high pCO2 conditions" (PDF). PLOS ONE. 12 (2): e0171980. Bibcode:2017PLoSO..1271980L. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0171980. PMC5315277. PMID 28212418.
This biochemistry article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
exopolymer, exopolymer, biopolymer, that, secreted, organism, into, environment, external, organism, these, exopolymers, include, biofilms, produced, bacteria, anchor, them, protect, them, from, environmental, conditions, type, expolymer, transparent, found, b. An exopolymer is a biopolymer that is secreted by an organism into the environment i e external to the organism These exopolymers include the biofilms produced by bacteria to anchor them and protect them from environmental conditions 1 One type of expolymer Transparent Exopolymers TEP found in both marine and aquatic ecosystems are planktonic acidic polysaccharides of a gel like consistency originally defined by their ability to be stained visible by acidic Alcian Blue 2 Their free floating characteristic sets TEPs aside from other extracellular polymeric substance subgroups where exopolymers exists as cell coating dissolved slime or as part of biofilm matrices 3 The formation of Transparent Exopolymer Particles TEP is mainly due to the abiotic coagulation of dissolved carbohydrates which is secreted by the phytoplankton communities Transparent Exopolymer Particles TEP have the ability to form larger aggregates because of their strong surface active properties or stickiness This particular property of TEP allows them to perform as a glue matrix for other solid particles including detritus 4 Transparent Exopolymer Particles TEP is also a carbon source for bacteria which plays a significant role in affecting the food web structure and the carbon cycle in the ocean Additionally the conversion of dissolved organic carbon DOC to particulate organic carbon POC is an aggregation process that is due to TEP formation 5 References edit Cho J C Vergin K L Morris R M Giovannoni S J 2004 Lentisphaera araneosa gen Nov sp Nov a transparent exopolymer producing marine bacterium and the description of a novel bacterial phylum Lentisphaerae Environmental Microbiology 6 6 611 621 doi 10 1111 j 1462 2920 2004 00614 x PMID 15142250 Bar Zeev Edo Passow Uta Romero Vargas Castrillon Santiago Elimelech Menachem 2015 01 20 Transparent Exopolymer Particles From Aquatic Environments and Engineered Systems to Membrane Biofouling Environmental Science amp Technology 49 2 691 707 Bibcode 2015EnST 49 691B doi 10 1021 es5041738 ISSN 0013 936X PMID 25494664 Passow U 2002 11 01 Transparent exopolymer particles TEP in aquatic environments PDF Progress in Oceanography 55 3 4 287 333 Bibcode 2002PrOce 55 287P doi 10 1016 S0079 6611 02 00138 6 ISSN 0079 6611 S2CID 31747785 Miller Lisa Vagle Svein Wurl Oliver July 2011 Production and fate of transparent exopolymer particles in the ocean Journal of Geophysical Research Oceans 116 C7 C00H13 Bibcode 2011JGRC 116 0H13W doi 10 1029 2011JC007342 ISSN 0148 0227 Gazeau Frederic Guieu Cecile Louis Justine Pedrotti Maria 17 February 2017 Experimental evidence of formation of transparent exopolymer particles TEP and POC export provoked by dust addition under current and high pCO2 conditions PDF PLOS ONE 12 2 e0171980 Bibcode 2017PLoSO 1271980L doi 10 1371 journal pone 0171980 PMC 5315277 PMID 28212418 nbsp This biochemistry article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Exopolymer amp oldid 1214425977, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
