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Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia

The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia (German: Evangelisch-Lutherische Kirche in Thüringen) was a Lutheran member church of the umbrella Protestant Church in Germany (Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland, EKD). The seat of the church was in Eisenach. The church covered those parts of the state of Thuringia that were not part of the former Province of Saxony. It was the largest Protestant denomination in this area.

History edit

After in early November 1918 the grand duke, the dukes and princes of the eight monarchies, later merging into the new State of Thuringia, had abdicated and thus released each of the eight territorial Lutheran church bodies from their respective supreme governorate (summepiscopacy), Lutheran church leaders, among them the Saxe-Altenburgian court preacher Wilhelm Reichardt as one of the driving forces, decided the unification of the church bodies on 15 November 1918. Within seven of these Lutheran church bodies majorities formed to merge, to wit:

  • Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Principality of Reuss Junior Line (Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche des Fürstentums Reuß jüngere Linie)
  • Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Duchy of Saxe-Gotha (Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche des Herzogtums Sachsen-Gotha)
  • Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Duchy of Saxe-Altenburg (Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche des Herzogtums Sachsen-Altenburg)
  • Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen (Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche des Herzogtums Sachsen-Meiningen)
  • Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Grand Duchy of Saxony (Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche des Großherzogtums Sachsen)
  • Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Principality of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt (Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche des Fürstentums Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt) and
  • Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Principality of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen (Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche des Fürstentums Schwarzburg-Sondershausen).

Only the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Principality of Reuss Elder Line (Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche des Fürstentums Reuß ältere Linie) refused the merger and renamed as the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Reuss Elder Line (German: Evangelisch-lutherische Kirche in Reuß ältere Linie). On 5 December 1919 synodals from the seven other church bodies then convened for the constitutive synod, founding the Thuringian Evangelical Church (Thüringer evangelische Kirche), a Lutheran church body, with effect of 13 February 1920 and Reichardt as its spiritual leader then titled state supreme pastor (Landesoberpfarrer). Three months later all the eight former monarchies merged into the new state of Thuringia.

In 1922 the Thuringian Evangelical Church became a member of the German Evangelical Church Confederation, which was dissolved in 1933 in favour of a united Protestant church for all of Germany, which, however, never materialised due to inner church struggles on the Nazi intrusion in ecclesiastical affairs.

The parishioners within the Thuringia church body voted by a majority for candidates of the Nazi-submissive German Christians in the presbyteries and the synod in the unconstitutional reelection imposed by Hitler on 23 July 1933. Nazi opponents then formed the Confessing Church of Thuringia, gradually pressed into hiding. In 1934 the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Reuss Elder Line with 70,000 parishioners (as of 1922[1]) merged in the Thuringian Evangelical Church, which thus comprised all the area of the state of Thuringia in its borders of 1920. During the struggle of the churches the official submissive church leadership even further radicalised in its extremism as to anti-Semitism and suppression of confessing church adherents.

In 1933 Reichardt adopted the title of a state bishop (Landesbischof) and deprived the synod of its legislative rights. Martin Sasse succeeded Reichardt after his retirement in 1934. After Sasse's death in 1942 the quarrelling fractions within the Thuringian German Christians blocked the appointment of a new state bishop, but Hugo Rönck, the head of the central church administration, assumed the leadership using the title church president. With the defeat of the Nazis in sight Confessing Church members within the Thuringia church body urged Rönck to resign in April 1945 and the US occupying power later arrested him only days after. In May 1945 Moritz Mitzenheim succeeded Rönck again using the constitutional title state supreme pastor. In August 1945 Mitzenheim participated for the Thuringian Evangelical Church in a meeting in Treysa, where the foundation of a new Protestant umbrella, the Protestant Church in Germany (EKD) was decided, of which the Thuringian Evangelical Church became a founding member.

In 1948 the church body renamed into the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia. An orderly synod legalised the new title state bishop (Landesbischof), later used by Mitzenheim. He turned out to be a rather uncritical collaborator of the upcoming communist dictatorship. Under the influence of the high church functionary and later state bishop Ingo Braecklein, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia seceded from the Protestant Church in Germany (EKD) and prompted the foundation of the Confederation of Protestant Churches in the GDR (Bund der Evangelischen Kirchen in der DDR) in 1969. In 1991 that confederation was dissolved again and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia rejoined the EKD.

Between 1945 and 1969 and again from 1991 to 2008 the church was also a full member of the United Evangelical Lutheran Church of Germany (VELKD) and since 1973 also of the Community of Protestant Churches in Europe. The church body was based on the teachings brought forward by Martin Luther during the Reformation.

In December 2006 the church body had approx. 440,000 parishioners in 1,308 church parishes. There was no cathedral church. The church had its own academy in Neudietendorf.

On 1 July 2004 the church announced its intention to merge with the Evangelical Church of the Church Province of Saxony to form the new Evangelical Church in Central Germany. The merger was completed on 1 January 2009.

Spiritual leaders edit

  • 1920–1934: Wilhelm Reichardt [de], titled Landesoberpfarrer (state supreme pastor), then - after July 1933 - Landesbischof (state bishop)
  • 1934–1942: Martin Sasse [de], title state bishop
  • 1942–1945: vacancy
    • 1943–1945: Hugo Rönck [de] per pro, Kirchenpräsident (church president), usurping the title of state bishop in early 1945, forced to resign in April 1945
  • 1945–1970: Moritz Mitzenheim [de], at first titled state supreme pastor, then state bishop
  • 1970–1978: Ingo Braecklein [de], state bishop
  • 1978–1992: Werner Leich, state bishop
  • 1992–2001: Roland Hoffmann [de], state bishop
  • 2001–2008: Christoph Kähler [de], state bishop

Parishioners edit

  • 1922: 1,384,000[1]
  • 2006: 440,000

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b Sebastian Müller-Rolli in collaboration with Reiner Anselm, Evangelische Schulpolitik in Deutschland 1918–1958: Dokumente und Darstellung, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1999, (=Eine Veröffentlichung des Comenius-Instituts Münster), p. 30. ISBN 3-525-61362-8.

External links edit

evangelical, lutheran, church, thuringia, german, evangelisch, lutherische, kirche, thüringen, lutheran, member, church, umbrella, protestant, church, germany, evangelische, kirche, deutschland, seat, church, eisenach, church, covered, those, parts, state, thu. The Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia German Evangelisch Lutherische Kirche in Thuringen was a Lutheran member church of the umbrella Protestant Church in Germany Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland EKD The seat of the church was in Eisenach The church covered those parts of the state of Thuringia that were not part of the former Province of Saxony It was the largest Protestant denomination in this area Contents 1 History 2 Spiritual leaders 3 Parishioners 4 Notes 5 External linksHistory editAfter in early November 1918 the grand duke the dukes and princes of the eight monarchies later merging into the new State of Thuringia had abdicated and thus released each of the eight territorial Lutheran church bodies from their respective supreme governorate summepiscopacy Lutheran church leaders among them the Saxe Altenburgian court preacher Wilhelm Reichardt as one of the driving forces decided the unification of the church bodies on 15 November 1918 Within seven of these Lutheran church bodies majorities formed to merge to wit Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Principality of Reuss Junior Line Evangelisch lutherische Kirche des Furstentums Reuss jungere Linie Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Duchy of Saxe Gotha Evangelisch lutherische Kirche des Herzogtums Sachsen Gotha Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Duchy of Saxe Altenburg Evangelisch lutherische Kirche des Herzogtums Sachsen Altenburg Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Duchy of Saxe Meiningen Evangelisch lutherische Kirche des Herzogtums Sachsen Meiningen Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Grand Duchy of Saxony Evangelisch lutherische Kirche des Grossherzogtums Sachsen Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Principality of Schwarzburg Rudolstadt Evangelisch lutherische Kirche des Furstentums Schwarzburg Rudolstadt and Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Principality of Schwarzburg Sondershausen Evangelisch lutherische Kirche des Furstentums Schwarzburg Sondershausen Only the Evangelical Lutheran Church of the Principality of Reuss Elder Line Evangelisch lutherische Kirche des Furstentums Reuss altere Linie refused the merger and renamed as the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Reuss Elder Line German Evangelisch lutherische Kirche in Reuss altere Linie On 5 December 1919 synodals from the seven other church bodies then convened for the constitutive synod founding the Thuringian Evangelical Church Thuringer evangelische Kirche a Lutheran church body with effect of 13 February 1920 and Reichardt as its spiritual leader then titled state supreme pastor Landesoberpfarrer Three months later all the eight former monarchies merged into the new state of Thuringia In 1922 the Thuringian Evangelical Church became a member of the German Evangelical Church Confederation which was dissolved in 1933 in favour of a united Protestant church for all of Germany which however never materialised due to inner church struggles on the Nazi intrusion in ecclesiastical affairs The parishioners within the Thuringia church body voted by a majority for candidates of the Nazi submissive German Christians in the presbyteries and the synod in the unconstitutional reelection imposed by Hitler on 23 July 1933 Nazi opponents then formed the Confessing Church of Thuringia gradually pressed into hiding In 1934 the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Reuss Elder Line with 70 000 parishioners as of 1922 1 merged in the Thuringian Evangelical Church which thus comprised all the area of the state of Thuringia in its borders of 1920 During the struggle of the churches the official submissive church leadership even further radicalised in its extremism as to anti Semitism and suppression of confessing church adherents In 1933 Reichardt adopted the title of a state bishop Landesbischof and deprived the synod of its legislative rights Martin Sasse succeeded Reichardt after his retirement in 1934 After Sasse s death in 1942 the quarrelling fractions within the Thuringian German Christians blocked the appointment of a new state bishop but Hugo Ronck the head of the central church administration assumed the leadership using the title church president With the defeat of the Nazis in sight Confessing Church members within the Thuringia church body urged Ronck to resign in April 1945 and the US occupying power later arrested him only days after In May 1945 Moritz Mitzenheim succeeded Ronck again using the constitutional title state supreme pastor In August 1945 Mitzenheim participated for the Thuringian Evangelical Church in a meeting in Treysa where the foundation of a new Protestant umbrella the Protestant Church in Germany EKD was decided of which the Thuringian Evangelical Church became a founding member In 1948 the church body renamed into the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia An orderly synod legalised the new title state bishop Landesbischof later used by Mitzenheim He turned out to be a rather uncritical collaborator of the upcoming communist dictatorship Under the influence of the high church functionary and later state bishop Ingo Braecklein the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia seceded from the Protestant Church in Germany EKD and prompted the foundation of the Confederation of Protestant Churches in the GDR Bund der Evangelischen Kirchen in der DDR in 1969 In 1991 that confederation was dissolved again and the Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia rejoined the EKD Between 1945 and 1969 and again from 1991 to 2008 the church was also a full member of the United Evangelical Lutheran Church of Germany VELKD and since 1973 also of the Community of Protestant Churches in Europe The church body was based on the teachings brought forward by Martin Luther during the Reformation In December 2006 the church body had approx 440 000 parishioners in 1 308 church parishes There was no cathedral church The church had its own academy in Neudietendorf On 1 July 2004 the church announced its intention to merge with the Evangelical Church of the Church Province of Saxony to form the new Evangelical Church in Central Germany The merger was completed on 1 January 2009 Spiritual leaders edit1920 1934 Wilhelm Reichardt de titled Landesoberpfarrer state supreme pastor then after July 1933 Landesbischof state bishop 1934 1942 Martin Sasse de title state bishop 1942 1945 vacancy 1943 1945 Hugo Ronck de per pro Kirchenprasident church president usurping the title of state bishop in early 1945 forced to resign in April 1945 1945 1970 Moritz Mitzenheim de at first titled state supreme pastor then state bishop 1970 1978 Ingo Braecklein de state bishop 1978 1992 Werner Leich state bishop 1992 2001 Roland Hoffmann de state bishop 2001 2008 Christoph Kahler de state bishopParishioners edit1922 1 384 000 1 2006 440 000Notes edit a b Sebastian Muller Rolli in collaboration with Reiner Anselm Evangelische Schulpolitik in Deutschland 1918 1958 Dokumente und Darstellung Gottingen Vandenhoeck amp Ruprecht 1999 Eine Veroffentlichung des Comenius Instituts Munster p 30 ISBN 3 525 61362 8 External links edithttps web archive org web 20070304090926 http www ekmd online de portal https www ekd de en index htm Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Evangelical Lutheran Church in Thuringia amp oldid 1189566416, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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