The European VLBI Network (EVN) is a network of radio telescopes located primarily in Europe and Asia, with additional antennas in South Africa and Puerto Rico, which performs very high angular resolution observations of cosmic radio sources using very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI). The EVN is the most sensitive VLBI array in the world, and the only one capable of real-time observations. The Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE) acts as the central organisation in the EVN, providing both scientific user support and a correlator facility. Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) achieves ultra-high angular resolution and is a multi-disciplinary technique used in astronomy, geodesy and astrometry.
European VLBI Network
The first e-VLBI science image produced by the European VLBI Network
Additionally the EVN often links with the UK-based 7-element Jodrell BankMERLIN interferometer. It can also be connected to the US Very Long Baseline Array (VLBA), achieving a global VLBI, obtaining sub-milliarcsecond resolution at frequencies higher than 5 GHz.[3]
e-EVNEdit
Since 2004, the EVN has started to be linked together using international fibre optic networks, through a technique known as e-VLBI. The EXPReS project was designed to connect telescopes at Gigabit per second links via their National Research Networks and the Pan-European research network GÉANT2, and make the first astronomical experiments using this new technique. This allows researchers to take advantage of the e-EVN's Targets of Opportunity for conducting follow-on observations of transient events such as X-ray binary flares, supernova explosions and gamma-ray bursts.
EXPReS's objectives are to connect up to 16 of the world's most sensitive radio telescopes on six continents to the central data processor of the European VLBI Network at the Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC (JIVE). Specific activities involve securing "last-mile connections" and upgrading existing connections to the telescopes, updating the correlator to process up to 16 data streams at 1 Gbit/s each in real time and research possibilities for distributed computing to replace the centralized data processor.
HistoryEdit
The EVN was formed in 1980 by a consortium of five of the major radio astronomy institutes in Europe (the European Consortium for VLBI). Since 1980, the EVN and the Consortium has grown to include many institutes with numerous radio telescopes in several western European countries as well as associated institutes with telescopes in Russia, Ukraine, China and South Africa. Proposals for an additional telescope in Spain are under consideration.
Observations using the EVN have contributed to scientific research on Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs),[4] gravitational lensing,[5] and supermassive black holes.[6]
^"Using the EVN | EVLBI". www.evlbi.org. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
^. Archived from the original on 2012-02-24. Retrieved 2018-09-26.
^. Archived from the original on 2012-02-24. Retrieved 2014-02-03.
^"A repeating Fast Radio Burst from a spiral galaxy deepens the mystery of where these signals originate from | Jive". www.jive.eu. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
^"New images from a super-telescope bring astronomers a step closer to understanding dark matter | Jive". www.jive.eu. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
^"Surprise discovery provides new insights into stellar deaths | Jive". www.jive.eu. Retrieved 2020-02-07.
External linksEdit
Media related to European VLBI Network at Wikimedia Commons
The European VLBI Network on the internet
Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC on the internet
August 27, 2023
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This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources European VLBI Network news newspapers books scholar JSTOR December 2018 Learn how and when to remove this template message The European VLBI Network EVN is a network of radio telescopes located primarily in Europe and Asia with additional antennas in South Africa and Puerto Rico which performs very high angular resolution observations of cosmic radio sources using very long baseline interferometry VLBI The EVN is the most sensitive VLBI array in the world and the only one capable of real time observations The Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC JIVE acts as the central organisation in the EVN providing both scientific user support and a correlator facility Very Long Baseline Interferometry VLBI achieves ultra high angular resolution and is a multi disciplinary technique used in astronomy geodesy and astrometry European VLBI NetworkThe first e VLBI science image produced by the European VLBI NetworkAlternative namesEVNWebsitewww wbr evlbi wbr orgTelescopesCambridge MERLIN telescopeMedicina 32 m radio telescopeMetsahovi 14m radio telescopeNanshan Radio TelescopeNoto 32 m radio telescopeOnsala Space Observatory 20 m telescopeOnsala Space Observatory 25 m telescopeSheshan 25m radio telescopeTorun RT4Wettzell 20m radio telescopeArecibo TelescopeEffelsberg 100 m Radio TelescopeHartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy ObservatoryLovell TelescopeMadrid Deep Space Communications ComplexMark IIWesterbork Synthesis Radio TelescopeYebes Observatory RT40m Related media on Commons edit on Wikidata The EVN operates an open sky policy allowing anyone to propose an observation using the network 1 Contents 1 EVN Telescopes 2 e EVN 3 History 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksEVN Telescopes EditThe EVN network comprises 22 telescope facilities 2 Name Dish Size Location Operated byEffelsberg 100 m Radio Telescope 100 metres Effelsberg Germany Max Planck Institute for Radio AstronomyWesterbork Synthesis Radio Telescope 12 x 25 metres Westerbork Netherlands ASTRONSardinia Radio Telescope 64 metres San Basilio Italy Istituto Nazionale di AstrofisicaLovell Telescope 76 metres Goostrey Cheshire United Kingdom Jodrell Bank ObservatoryCambridge 32 metres 32 metres Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory United Kingdom Jodrell Bank ObservatoryMark II 25 metres Goostrey Cheshire United Kingdom Jodrell Bank ObservatoryMedicina Radio Observatory 32 metres Medicina Italy Istituto Nazionale di AstrofisicaOnsala Space Observatory 25 metres and 20 metres Onsala Sweden Chalmers University of TechnologyVentspils International Radio Astronomy Centre 32 metres and 16 metres Ventspils Irbene Latvia Ventspils University CollegeNoto Radio Observatory 32 metres Noto Italy Istituto Nazionale di AstrofisicaTorun Centre for Astronomy 32 metres Torun Poland Nicolaus Copernicus UniversityMetsahovi Radio Observatory 14 metres Kirkkonummi Finland Aalto UniversitySheshan 25 metres 25 metres Sheshan Shanghai China Shanghai Astronomical ObservatoryNanshan 25 metres 25 metres Urumqi ChinaSpanish National Observatory 40 metres and 14 metres Yebes Guadalajara Spain Instituto Geografico Nacional Spain Wettzell 20m Radio telescope 20 metres Germany Bundesamt fur Kartographie und Geodasie BKG Technische Universitat Munchen TUM Madrid Deep Space Communication Complex 70 metres 34 metres Robledo de Chavela Spain INTA NASA JPLHartebeesthoek Radio Astronomy Observatory 26 metres Hartebeesthoek South Africa National Research Foundation of South AfricaArecibo Observatory 305 metres Arecibo Puerto Rico SRI International USRA UMETRAO Svetloe 32 metres Leningrad Russia Institute of Applied AstronomyRAO Zelenchuckskaya 32 metres Zelenchukskaya Zelenchuksky Karachay Cherkessia Russia Institute of Applied AstronomyRAO Badary 32 metres Badary Tunkinsky Buryatia Russia Institute of Applied AstronomyAdditionally the EVN often links with the UK based 7 element Jodrell Bank MERLIN interferometer It can also be connected to the US Very Long Baseline Array VLBA achieving a global VLBI obtaining sub milliarcsecond resolution at frequencies higher than 5 GHz 3 e EVN EditSince 2004 the EVN has started to be linked together using international fibre optic networks through a technique known as e VLBI The EXPReS project was designed to connect telescopes at Gigabit per second links via their National Research Networks and the Pan European research network GEANT2 and make the first astronomical experiments using this new technique This allows researchers to take advantage of the e EVN s Targets of Opportunity for conducting follow on observations of transient events such as X ray binary flares supernova explosions and gamma ray bursts EXPReS s objectives are to connect up to 16 of the world s most sensitive radio telescopes on six continents to the central data processor of the European VLBI Network at the Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC JIVE Specific activities involve securing last mile connections and upgrading existing connections to the telescopes updating the correlator to process up to 16 data streams at 1 Gbit s each in real time and research possibilities for distributed computing to replace the centralized data processor History EditThe EVN was formed in 1980 by a consortium of five of the major radio astronomy institutes in Europe the European Consortium for VLBI Since 1980 the EVN and the Consortium has grown to include many institutes with numerous radio telescopes in several western European countries as well as associated institutes with telescopes in Russia Ukraine China and South Africa Proposals for an additional telescope in Spain are under consideration Observations using the EVN have contributed to scientific research on Fast Radio Bursts FRBs 4 gravitational lensing 5 and supermassive black holes 6 See also EditNorthern Extended Millimeter ArrayReferences Edit Using the EVN EVLBI www evlbi org Retrieved 2020 02 07 Pictures of EVN telescopes Archived from the original on 2012 02 24 Retrieved 2018 09 26 Introduction to the EVN Archived from the original on 2012 02 24 Retrieved 2014 02 03 A repeating Fast Radio Burst from a spiral galaxy deepens the mystery of where these signals originate from Jive www jive eu Retrieved 2020 02 07 New images from a super telescope bring astronomers a step closer to understanding dark matter Jive www jive eu Retrieved 2020 02 07 Surprise discovery provides new insights into stellar deaths Jive www jive eu Retrieved 2020 02 07 External links Edit Media related to European VLBI Network at Wikimedia Commons The European VLBI Network on the internet Joint Institute for VLBI ERIC on the internet Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title European VLBI Network amp oldid 1095502644, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
