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The formation of the European Advisory Commission (EAC) was agreed on at the Moscow Conference on 30 October 1943 between the foreign ministers of the United Kingdom, Anthony Eden, the United States, Cordell Hull, and the Soviet Union, Vyacheslav Molotov, and confirmed at the Tehran Conference in November. In anticipation of the defeat of Nazi Germany and its allies this commission was to study the postwar political problems in Europe and make recommendation to the three governments, including the surrender of the European enemy states and the machinery of its fulfillment. After the EAC completed its task it was dissolved at the Potsdam Conference in August 1945.
At the Tehran Conference it was decided to hand over a large portion of German territory to Poland with the Oder–Neisse line as the eastern border of post-war Germany, and discussion about a possible partition of Germany were initiated by Roosevelt. Based on these premises, the EAC worked out the following recommendations during 1944:
Partition of Germany into three occupied zones, each controlled by one power.
The work of the EAC was discussed at the Yalta Conference in 1945 where a major modification was approved as France received a seat on the ACC, and a future occupation zone in Germany was carved out from territory assigned to Great Britain and the United States. In addition, France received a future occupation zone in western Austria.
On 5 June 1945 the European Advisory Commission assumed briefly full control over Germany. Members included General Dwight Eisenhower for the US, Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery for Britain, and Marshal Georgy Zhukov for the Soviet Union. The commission delimited German territory to its territory of 31 December 1937 minus territory handed over to Poland and the Soviet Union, divided Germany into four zones of occupation under American, British, French, and Soviet military administration and separately divided Berlin into four sectors. The Commission ceased to exist after the Potsdam Conference, and the ACC was nominally the highest power in Germany, while in reality, each occupied zone was ruled by the respective occupying power
Aftermathedit
The recommendations of the EAC shaped the development of postwar Europe. While it was by no means obvious at the Potsdam Conference that Germany would be partitioned into two states, the recommendations of the EAC allowed each occupying power full control over its occupied zone and deprived the ACC of an overruling influence. The subsequent Cold War thus was reflected in the partition of Germany as each occupying force could develop its zone on its own.
The EAC failed to be specific about length and terms of occupation and different zones underwent different occupation experiences. The Soviet-occupied zone suffered disproportionally from war reparations while the Western Zone benefited from stimulatory economic impacts such as the Marshall Plan. [citation needed]
European Advisory Commission, Austria, Germany Foreign relations of the United States : diplomatic papers, 1945.
An official report on the work of the EAC from Jan. 1944 to July 1945, FRUS Potsdam Conference, vol. 1, doc. 233
Referencesedit
Smyser WR, From Yalta to Berlin St.Martin's Press, New York, 1999
January 01, 1970
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This article has multiple issues Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page Learn how and when to remove these template messages This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources European Advisory Commission news newspapers books scholar JSTOR April 2023 This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations April 2023 Learn how and when to remove this message You can help expand this article with text translated from the corresponding article in French April 2023 Click show for important translation instructions Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate rather than simply copy pasting machine translated text into the English Wikipedia Consider adding a topic to this template there are already 6 170 articles in the main category and specifying topic will aid in categorization Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low quality If possible verify the text with references provided in the foreign language article You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at fr Commission consultative europeenne see its history for attribution You may also add the template Translated fr Commission consultative europeenne to the talk page For more guidance see Wikipedia Translation Learn how and when to remove this message The formation of the European Advisory Commission EAC was agreed on at the Moscow Conference on 30 October 1943 between the foreign ministers of the United Kingdom Anthony Eden the United States Cordell Hull and the Soviet Union Vyacheslav Molotov and confirmed at the Tehran Conference in November In anticipation of the defeat of Nazi Germany and its allies this commission was to study the postwar political problems in Europe and make recommendation to the three governments including the surrender of the European enemy states and the machinery of its fulfillment After the EAC completed its task it was dissolved at the Potsdam Conference in August 1945 Contents 1 1944 2 1945 3 Aftermath 4 See also 5 External links 6 References1944 editThe EAC had its seat in London at Lancaster House and started its work on 14 January 1944 William Strang was the British delegate while on the American and Soviet sides the respective ambassadors were the delegates John G Winant and Fedor Tarasovich Gusev The American military advisor was Cornelius Wendell Wickersham George F Kennan was a member of the American delegation in 1944 At the Tehran Conference it was decided to hand over a large portion of German territory to Poland with the Oder Neisse line as the eastern border of post war Germany and discussion about a possible partition of Germany were initiated by Roosevelt Based on these premises the EAC worked out the following recommendations during 1944 Partition of Germany into three occupied zones each controlled by one power Creation of the Allied Control Council ACC The ACC could only act in consensus Partition of Berlin in three sectors Separation of Austria which would also undergo a tripartite occupation and Vienna to be occupied by three powers Establishment of an Allied Commission for Austria Draft instructions for the unconditional surrender of Germany Proposals for control machinery for administration Establishment of an Allied Commission for Italy 1945 editThe work of the EAC was discussed at the Yalta Conference in 1945 where a major modification was approved as France received a seat on the ACC and a future occupation zone in Germany was carved out from territory assigned to Great Britain and the United States In addition France received a future occupation zone in western Austria On 5 June 1945 the European Advisory Commission assumed briefly full control over Germany Members included General Dwight Eisenhower for the US Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery for Britain and Marshal Georgy Zhukov for the Soviet Union The commission delimited German territory to its territory of 31 December 1937 minus territory handed over to Poland and the Soviet Union divided Germany into four zones of occupation under American British French and Soviet military administration and separately divided Berlin into four sectors The Commission ceased to exist after the Potsdam Conference and the ACC was nominally the highest power in Germany while in reality each occupied zone was ruled by the respective occupying powerAftermath editThe recommendations of the EAC shaped the development of postwar Europe While it was by no means obvious at the Potsdam Conference that Germany would be partitioned into two states the recommendations of the EAC allowed each occupying power full control over its occupied zone and deprived the ACC of an overruling influence The subsequent Cold War thus was reflected in the partition of Germany as each occupying force could develop its zone on its own The EAC failed to be specific about length and terms of occupation and different zones underwent different occupation experiences The Soviet occupied zone suffered disproportionally from war reparations while the Western Zone benefited from stimulatory economic impacts such as the Marshall Plan citation needed Legally the EAC ceased to function following the establishment of the Council of Foreign Ministers at the Potsdam Conference See also editAllied Occupation Zones in Germany Allied Control Council London Protocol 1944 Legal status of Germany Nuremberg CharterExternal links editEuropean Advisory Commission Austria Germany Foreign relations of the United States diplomatic papers 1945 An official report on the work of the EAC from Jan 1944 to July 1945 FRUS Potsdam Conference vol 1 doc 233References editSmyser WR From Yalta to Berlin St Martin s Press New York 1999 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title European Advisory Commission amp oldid 1183376778, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
