Terraces, conservation tillage, and conservation buffers save soil and improve water quality on this Iowa farm.Hydroseeding in the United KingdomTateyama Sabō Erosion Control Works Service Train.jpg (description page)Erosion control construction entrance.jpg (description page)
Erosion controls are used in natural areas, agricultural settings or urban environments. In urban areas erosion controls are often part of stormwater runoff management programs required by local governments. The controls often involve the creation of a physical barrier, such as vegetation or rock, to absorb some of the energy of the wind or water that is causing the erosion. They also involve building and maintaining storm drains. On construction sites they are often implemented in conjunction with sediment controls such as sediment basins and silt fences.
Bank erosion is a natural process: without it, rivers would not meander and change course. However, land management patterns that change the hydrograph and/or vegetation cover can act to increase or decrease channel migration rates. In many places, whether or not the banks are unstable due to human activities, people try to keep a river in a single place. This can be done for environmental reclamation or to prevent a river from changing course into land that is being used by people. One way that this is done is by placing riprap or gabions along the bank.
Examplesedit
Examples of erosion control methods include the following:
Since the 1920s and 1930s[3] scientists have been creating mathematical models for understanding the mechanisms of soil erosion and resulting sediment surface runoff, including an early paper by Albert Einstein applying Baer's law.[4] These models have addressed both gully and sheet erosion. Earliest models were a simple set of linked equations which could be employed by manual calculation. By the 1970s the models had expanded to complex computer models addressing nonpoint source pollution with thousands of lines of computer code.[5] The more complex models were able to address nuances in micrometeorology, soil particle size distributions and micro-terrain variation.
^State of California Department of Transportation, Division of Environmental Analysis, Stormwater Program. Sacramento, CA."Cellular Confinement System Research." 2006.
^Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. Nashville, TN."Tennessee Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook." 2002.
^C. Michael Hogan, Leda Patmore, Gary Latshaw, Harry Seidman et al. 1973
Referencesedit
Albert Einstein. 1926. Die Ursache der Mäanderbildung der Flußläufe und des sogenannten Baerschen Gesetzes, Die Naturwissenschaften, 11, S. 223–224
C. Michael Hogan, Leda Patmore, Gary Latshaw, Harry Seidman et al. 1973. Computer modeling of pesticide transport in the soil for five instrumented watersheds, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Southeast Water laboratory, Athens, Ga. by ESL Inc., Sunnyvale, California
Robert E. Horton. 1933. The Horton Papers
U.S. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS). Washington, DC. "National Conservation Practice Standards." National Handbook of Conservation Practices. Accessed 2009-03-28.
External linksedit
"Saving Runaway Farm Land", November 1930, Popular Mechanics One of the first articles on the problem of soil erosion control
Erosion Control Technology Council - a trade organization that mission is to educate and standardize the erosion control industry
- Professional Association, Publications, Training
WatchYourDirt.com - Erosion Control Educational Video Resource
Soil Bioengineering and Biotechnical Slope Stabilization - Erosion Control subsection of a website on Riparian Habitat Restoration
December 02, 2023
erosion, control, practice, preventing, controlling, wind, water, erosion, agriculture, land, development, coastal, areas, river, banks, construction, effective, erosion, controls, handle, surface, runoff, important, techniques, preventing, water, pollution, s. Erosion control is the practice of preventing or controlling wind or water erosion in agriculture land development coastal areas river banks and construction Effective erosion controls handle surface runoff and are important techniques in preventing water pollution soil loss wildlife habitat loss and human property loss Terraces conservation tillage and conservation buffers save soil and improve water quality on this Iowa farm Hydroseeding in the United KingdomTateyama Sabō Erosion Control Works Service Train jpg description page Erosion control construction entrance jpg description page Contents 1 Usage 2 Examples 3 Mathematical modeling 4 See also 5 Notes 6 References 7 External linksUsage editErosion controls are used in natural areas agricultural settings or urban environments In urban areas erosion controls are often part of stormwater runoff management programs required by local governments The controls often involve the creation of a physical barrier such as vegetation or rock to absorb some of the energy of the wind or water that is causing the erosion They also involve building and maintaining storm drains On construction sites they are often implemented in conjunction with sediment controls such as sediment basins and silt fences Bank erosion is a natural process without it rivers would not meander and change course However land management patterns that change the hydrograph and or vegetation cover can act to increase or decrease channel migration rates In many places whether or not the banks are unstable due to human activities people try to keep a river in a single place This can be done for environmental reclamation or to prevent a river from changing course into land that is being used by people One way that this is done is by placing riprap or gabions along the bank Examples editExamples of erosion control methods include the following cellular confinement systems 1 crop rotation conservation tillage contour plowing contour trenching cover crops fiber rolls also called straw wattles gabions hydroseeding level spreaders mulching perennial crops plasticulture polyacrylamide as a coagulant reforestation riparian buffer riprap strip farming sand fence vegetated waterway bioswale terracing windbreaks 2 Mathematical modeling editSince the 1920s and 1930s 3 scientists have been creating mathematical models for understanding the mechanisms of soil erosion and resulting sediment surface runoff including an early paper by Albert Einstein applying Baer s law 4 These models have addressed both gully and sheet erosion Earliest models were a simple set of linked equations which could be employed by manual calculation By the 1970s the models had expanded to complex computer models addressing nonpoint source pollution with thousands of lines of computer code 5 The more complex models were able to address nuances in micrometeorology soil particle size distributions and micro terrain variation See also edit nbsp Environment portal nbsp Ecology portal nbsp Earth sciences portalBridge scour Burned area emergency response Certified Professional in Erosion and Sediment Control Coastal management Dust Bowl Natural Resources Conservation Service United States Tillage erosion Universal Soil Loss Equation Vetiver SystemNotes edit State of California Department of Transportation Division of Environmental Analysis Stormwater Program Sacramento CA Cellular Confinement System Research 2006 Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation Nashville TN Tennessee Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook 2002 Robert E Horton 1933 Albert Einstein 1926 C Michael Hogan Leda Patmore Gary Latshaw Harry Seidman et al 1973References editAlbert Einstein 1926 Die Ursache der Maanderbildung der Flusslaufe und des sogenannten Baerschen Gesetzes Die Naturwissenschaften 11 S 223 224 C Michael Hogan Leda Patmore Gary Latshaw Harry Seidman et al 1973 Computer modeling of pesticide transport in the soil for five instrumented watersheds U S Environmental Protection Agency Southeast Water laboratory Athens Ga by ESL Inc Sunnyvale California Robert E Horton 1933 The Horton Papers U S Natural Resources Conservation Service NRCS Washington DC National Conservation Practice Standards National Handbook of Conservation Practices Accessed 2009 03 28 External links edit Saving Runaway Farm Land November 1930 Popular Mechanics One of the first articles on the problem of soil erosion control Erosion Control Technology Council a trade organization that mission is to educate and standardize the erosion control industry International Erosion Control Association Professional Association Publications Training WatchYourDirt com Erosion Control Educational Video Resource Soil Bioengineering and Biotechnical Slope Stabilization Erosion Control subsection of a website on Riparian Habitat Restoration Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Erosion control amp oldid 1187437831, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
