The Longhorn or British Longhorn is a British breed of beef cattle characterised by long curving horns. It originated in northern England, in the counties of Lancashire, Westmorland and Yorkshire, and later spread to the English Midlands and to Ireland.[4]: 49 It was originally a slow heavy draught animal; cows gave a little milk, although high in fat. In the eighteenth century Robert Bakewell applied his methods of selective breeding to these cattle, which for a short time became the predominant British breed.[5]: 232 [6]: 32 Both the numbers and the quality of the breed declined throughout the nineteenth century and for much of the twentieth. A breed society was formed in 1878, and a herd-book published in that year.[5]: 232
The Longhorn was formerly listed as "priority" on the watchlist of the Rare Breeds Survival Trust, but in 2021 was listed among the "UK native breeds".[3]
The cattle are variable in colour, but are always finched – with a heavy line of white along the spine, tail and underside of the belly.[5]: 232
The ancestors of the Longhorn originated in northern England, principally in the northern part of Lancashire, in southern Westmorland and in Yorkshire, particularly in the Craven district of the West Riding.[5]: 232 They later spread to the English Midlands and to Ireland.[4]: 49
The Longhorn was originally a slow heavy draught animal; cows gave a little milk, although high in fat. In the eighteenth century Robert Bakewell, of Dishley in Leicestershire, applied his methods of selective breeding to these cattle; his "Dishley Longhorn" was highly successful, and for a short time became the predominant British breed.[5]: 232 After his death in 1795 it began to decline, and within a short time was supplanted by the Shorthorn as the principal breed in the country. Both the numbers and the quality of the breed decreased throughout the nineteenth century and for much of the twentieth. A breed society was formed in 1878, and a herd-book published in that year.[5]: 232
The Longhorn was formerly listed as "priority" on the watchlist of the Rare Breeds Survival Trust, but in 2021 was listed among the "UK native breeds".[3]
Some of the cattle have been exported to countries outside the British Isles. They are present in Australia, and there are small numbers in Holland[7] and New Zealand.[8] A population in Belgium appears to have become extinct.[7]
Characteristicsedit
The cattle are variable in colour, but are always finched – with a heavy line of white along the spine, tail and underside of the belly.[5]: 232
Useedit
The Longhorn was originally a slow heavy draught animal, used for ploughing; the milk yield was not high, but the milk was rich in fat and from the eighteenth century was used for cheese-making, particularly in Cheshire.[5]: 232 As with other draught breeds, oxen at the end of their working lives could be fattened and sent for slaughter.[9]: 40
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Longhorn cattle.
^Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). , annex to . Rome: Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN9789251057629. Archived 23 June 2020.
^Breed data sheet: Longhorn / United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (Cattle). Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed December 2021.
^ abWilliam Charles Linnaeus Martin (1853). Cattle: Their History and Various Breeds. London: G. Routledge.
^ abcdefghiValerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason's World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN9781780647944.
^ abTransboundary breed summary: Cattle: Longhorn. Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Accessed December 2021.
^English Longhorn Cattle: A Rare Breed of English Origin. Christchurch: Rare Breeds Conservation Society of New Zealand. Accessed December 2021.
^John B. Friend (1978). Cattle of the World. Poole, Dorset: Blandford Press. ISBN0713708565.
^Longhorn Cattle - Show Commentary 2016. The Longhorn Cattle Society. Accessed December 2021.
February 15, 2024
english, longhorn, longhorn, british, longhorn, british, breed, beef, cattle, characterised, long, curving, horns, originated, northern, england, counties, lancashire, westmorland, yorkshire, later, spread, english, midlands, ireland, originally, slow, heavy, . The Longhorn or British Longhorn is a British breed of beef cattle characterised by long curving horns It originated in northern England in the counties of Lancashire Westmorland and Yorkshire and later spread to the English Midlands and to Ireland 4 49 It was originally a slow heavy draught animal cows gave a little milk although high in fat In the eighteenth century Robert Bakewell applied his methods of selective breeding to these cattle which for a short time became the predominant British breed 5 232 6 32 Both the numbers and the quality of the breed declined throughout the nineteenth century and for much of the twentieth A breed society was formed in 1878 and a herd book published in that year 5 232 English Longhorn CattleCow and calfConservation statusFAO 2007 not at risk 1 144 DAD IS 2021 at risk 2 RBST 2021 UK native breeds 3 Country of originUnited KingdomDistributionAustraliaHollandIrelandNew ZealandUnited KingdomStandardThe Longhorn Cattle SocietyUsebeef formerly draught and dairyTraitsWeightMale usually 750 900 kgmaximum over 1000kgFemale 500 600 kgHeightMale 150 cmFemale 130 140 cmCoatvariable red brown or grey and white finchedHorn statuslong curved hornsCattleBos primigenius taurusBull at Quenby Hall LeicestershireThe Longhorn was formerly listed as priority on the watchlist of the Rare Breeds Survival Trust but in 2021 was listed among the UK native breeds 3 The cattle are variable in colour but are always finched with a heavy line of white along the spine tail and underside of the belly 5 232 Contents 1 History 2 Characteristics 3 Use 4 ReferencesHistory edit nbsp On Parsonage Down in WiltshireThe ancestors of the Longhorn originated in northern England principally in the northern part of Lancashire in southern Westmorland and in Yorkshire particularly in the Craven district of the West Riding 5 232 They later spread to the English Midlands and to Ireland 4 49 The Longhorn was originally a slow heavy draught animal cows gave a little milk although high in fat In the eighteenth century Robert Bakewell of Dishley in Leicestershire applied his methods of selective breeding to these cattle his Dishley Longhorn was highly successful and for a short time became the predominant British breed 5 232 After his death in 1795 it began to decline and within a short time was supplanted by the Shorthorn as the principal breed in the country Both the numbers and the quality of the breed decreased throughout the nineteenth century and for much of the twentieth A breed society was formed in 1878 and a herd book published in that year 5 232 The Longhorn was formerly listed as priority on the watchlist of the Rare Breeds Survival Trust but in 2021 was listed among the UK native breeds 3 Some of the cattle have been exported to countries outside the British Isles They are present in Australia and there are small numbers in Holland 7 and New Zealand 8 A population in Belgium appears to have become extinct 7 Characteristics editThe cattle are variable in colour but are always finched with a heavy line of white along the spine tail and underside of the belly 5 232 Use editThe Longhorn was originally a slow heavy draught animal used for ploughing the milk yield was not high but the milk was rich in fat and from the eighteenth century was used for cheese making particularly in Cheshire 5 232 As with other draught breeds oxen at the end of their working lives could be fattened and sent for slaughter 9 40 In the twenty first century the cattle are reared principally for beef 5 232 They are also used for vegetation management in nature parks and Sites of Special Scientific Interest 10 References edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Longhorn cattle Barbara Rischkowsky Dafydd Pilling editors 2007 List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Animal Genetic Resources annex to The State of the World s Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Rome Commission on Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations ISBN 9789251057629 Archived 23 June 2020 Breed data sheet Longhorn United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Cattle Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Accessed December 2021 a b c Watchlist 2021 22 Kenilworth Warwickshire Rare Breeds Survival Trust Accessed December 2021 a b William Charles Linnaeus Martin 1853 Cattle Their History and Various Breeds London G Routledge a b c d e f g h i Valerie Porter Lawrence Alderson Stephen J G Hall D Phillip Sponenberg 2016 Mason s World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding sixth edition Wallingford CABI ISBN 9781780647944 Marleen Felius 1995 Cattle Breeds An Encyclopedia Doetinchem Netherlands Misset ISBN 9789054390176 a b Transboundary breed summary Cattle Longhorn Domestic Animal Diversity Information System of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Accessed December 2021 English Longhorn Cattle A Rare Breed of English Origin Christchurch Rare Breeds Conservation Society of New Zealand Accessed December 2021 John B Friend 1978 Cattle of the World Poole Dorset Blandford Press ISBN 0713708565 Longhorn Cattle Show Commentary 2016 The Longhorn Cattle Society Accessed December 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title English Longhorn amp oldid 1168697492, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
