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ENAER

February 01, 2023

ENAER (Spanish pronunciation: [enaˈeɾ]) (Empresa Nacional de Aeronáutica de Chile, "National Aeronautical Company of Chile") is a Chilean aircraft manufacturer.

Empresa Nacional de Aeronáutica de Chile
TypeState-owned company
IndustryAerospace, Defense
PredecessorMaestranza Central de Aviación
FoundedMarch 16, 1984; 38 years ago (1984-03-16)
Headquarters
Santiago, Santiago, Santiago
,
Chile
Area served
Latin America
ProductsMilitary aircraft
ServicesAircraft maintenance
Aircraft MLU systems
OwnerChilean Air Force
Websitewww.enaer.cl

History

The origins of ENAER can be traced back to 1930, when the Chilean Air Force formed a dedicated maintenance wing, the Maestranza Central de Aviación (Central Aviation Workshop). During 1980, the Chilean Air Force established an aircraft manufacturing arm, IndAer. During the early 1980s, an agreement with Piper Aircraft saw IndAer begin the local assembly of the firm's PA-28 Dakotas for the Chilean Air Force. Around the same period, it also started building the ENAER T-35 Pillán, a military light trainer, which was developed for manufacture in Chile by Piper, based on a PA-32R fuselage with a new center-section and wing stressed for aerobatics. The first production aircraft was delivered by ENAER to the Chilean Air Force Air Academy in August 1985.[1]

On 16 March 1984, IndAer was reorganised as a state-owned company separate to the Chilean Air force, named ENAER (Empresa Nacional de Aeronáutica de Chile, "National Aeronautical Company of Chile").[2][3] The Chilean Air Force initially provided the company with capital, personnel and resources, while one of the firm's prime responsibilities was to service the various aircraft types operated by the Chilean Air Force.[citation needed]

During the 1980s, the Chilean Air Force acquired four Spanish-built CASA C-101 trainer aircraft, along with a licensing agreement for another eight to be assembled locally by ENAER. In Chilean service, the type is designated as the T-36 Halcón.[4][5] A follow-on agreement for a dedicated attack version of the C-101, which was locally designated as the A-36 Halcón ("Falcon"), was also ordered by Chile;[6] only the prototype was manufactured in Spain, while the remaining 22 machines were assembled by ENAER. Modifications over the trainer model previously procured included an engine upgrade and increased fuel capacity.[6][7]

During 1986, ENAER decided to embark on its first entirely indigenous aircraft. It was a two-seat, single-engined light aircraft suitable for use by flying clubs as a training aircraft. As such, the project, initially known as the Avion Livano (light aircraft) and later known as the Ñamcú, was to be inexpensive,[8][9] with a price of US$70,000 claimed in 1991.[10][11][12] The first prototype made its maiden flight in April 1989,[9] with three more prototypes following, one of which had a fatal crash on 11 February 1992.[13]

After attempts to interest the Chilean Air Force in the Ñamcú failed, ENAER set up Euro-ENAER, a joint venture with the Delft University of Technology and private Dutch investors, to certify the aircraft as airworthy in the Netherlands under European regulations; ENAER hoped to sell as many as 50 aircraft per year, at a price which had increased to US$100,000 per aircraft.[14][15] By 1998, it was planned to assemble a modified version of the aircraft, powered by a 150 hp (110 kW) Textron Lycoming O-320-D2A engine, in a new factory in the Netherlands. Certification was expected by late that year, while the unit price had again risen to $120,000.[16] In early 1999, Euro-ENAER blamed poor weather and difficulties with the Joint Aviation Authorities for certification delays, while the unit price rose yet again to US$160,000, although the company was forecasting annual sales of 50 aircraft per year in Europe and 200 per year in America.[17] Euro-ENAER certified the aircraft in 1992, but the company announced that additional funding was needed to start production.[18] Financing could not be found, however, thus Euro-ENAER was declared bankrupt later that year.[19]

Aircraft

References

Citations

  1. ^ Peperell & Smith 1987, p. 159
  2. ^ Gunston 2005, pp. 145–146, 235
  3. ^ Lambert 1990, p. 30
  4. ^ Tobar, Alfonso and Graham Warwick. "Looking forward." Flight International, 14 April 1999.
  5. ^ Hoyle, Craig. "PICTURES: Chile receives first four Super Tucanos." Flight International, 5 January 2010.
  6. ^ a b Hewson 2001, p. 36.
  7. ^ "Military Aircraft Directory: CASA." Flight International, 29 July 1998.
  8. ^ Taylor 1988, pp. 33–34
  9. ^ a b Lambert 1990, p. 31
  10. ^ Hamill & Gould Flight International 5–11 June 1991, p. 49
  11. ^ Lambert 1990, pp. 31–32
  12. ^ Gaines Flight International 27 June–3 July 1990, pp. 40–42
  13. ^ "News in Brief: Ñamcú Crashes". Flight International. Vol. 141, no. 4306. 19–25 February 1992. p. 9. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  14. ^ Lewis & Norris Flight International 21–27 March 2000, p. 45
  15. ^ "Enaer Namcu close to certification". Flight International. Vol. 147, no. 4469. 26 April – 2 May 1995. p. 23. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  16. ^ "ENAER creates Dutch assembly base for Eaglet". Flight International. Vol. 153, no. 4607. 7–13 January 1998. p. 16. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  17. ^ Sarsfield, Kate (24–30 March 1999). "Eaglet approval set back to later this year". Flight International. Vol. 155, no. 4669. p. 16. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  18. ^ "ENAER to strengthen IAI ties with avionics move..." Flight International. Vol. 161, no. 4826. 9–15 April 2002. p. 13. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  19. ^ Jackson 2003, pp. 71, 321

Bibliography

  • Gaines, Mike (27 June – 3 July 1990). "Chilean Lightweight". Flight International. Vol. 138, no. 4222. pp. 40–42. Retrieved 28 November 2019.
  • Gunston, Bill (2005). World Encyclopedia of Aircraft Manufacturers (2nd ed.). Stroud, UK: Sutton Publishing. ISBN 0-7509-3981-8.
  • Hamill, Tom; Gould, Ian (5–11 June 1991). "Light Aircraft Buyer's Guide". Vol. 139, no. 4270. pp. 47–56. Retrieved 29 November 2019. {{cite magazine}}: Cite magazine requires |magazine= (help)
  • Jackson, Paul, ed. (2003). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 2003–2004. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Information Group. ISBN 0-7106-2537-5.
  • Hewson, Robert. "The Vital Guide to Military Aircraft." Airlife, 2001. ISBN 1-84037-065-3.
  • Lambert, Mark, ed. (1990). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1990–91. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Defence Data. ISBN 0-7106-0908-6.
  • Lewis, Gary; Norris, Guy (21–27 March 2000). "Southern success". Flight International. Vol. 157, no. 4720. pp. 44–47. Retrieved 29 November 2019.
  • Peperell, Roger W; Smith, Colin M (1987). Piper Aircraft and their forerunners. Tonbridge, Kent, England: Air-Britain. ISBN 0-85130-149-5.
  • Taylor, John W. R., ed. (1988). Jane's All the World's Aircraft 1988–89. Coulsdon, UK: Jane's Defence Data. ISBN 0-7106-0867-5.
  • Taylor, Michael J. H., ed. (1999). Brassey's World Aircraft & Systems Directory 1999/2000. London: Brassey's. ISBN 1-85753-245-7.

External links

    February 01, 2023
    enaer, spanish, pronunciation, enaˈeɾ, empresa, nacional, aeronáutica, chile, national, aeronautical, company, chile, chilean, aircraft, manufacturer, empresa, nacional, aeronáutica, chiletypestate, owned, companyindustryaerospace, defensepredecessormaestranza. ENAER Spanish pronunciation enaˈeɾ Empresa Nacional de Aeronautica de Chile National Aeronautical Company of Chile is a Chilean aircraft manufacturer Empresa Nacional de Aeronautica de ChileTypeState owned companyIndustryAerospace DefensePredecessorMaestranza Central de AviacionFoundedMarch 16 1984 38 years ago 1984 03 16 HeadquartersSantiago Santiago Santiago ChileArea servedLatin AmericaProductsMilitary aircraftServicesAircraft maintenanceAircraft MLU systemsOwnerChilean Air ForceWebsitewww enaer cl Contents 1 History 2 Aircraft 3 References 3 1 Citations 3 2 Bibliography 4 External linksHistory EditThe origins of ENAER can be traced back to 1930 when the Chilean Air Force formed a dedicated maintenance wing the Maestranza Central de Aviacion Central Aviation Workshop During 1980 the Chilean Air Force established an aircraft manufacturing arm IndAer During the early 1980s an agreement with Piper Aircraft saw IndAer begin the local assembly of the firm s PA 28 Dakotas for the Chilean Air Force Around the same period it also started building the ENAER T 35 Pillan a military light trainer which was developed for manufacture in Chile by Piper based on a PA 32R fuselage with a new center section and wing stressed for aerobatics The first production aircraft was delivered by ENAER to the Chilean Air Force Air Academy in August 1985 1 On 16 March 1984 IndAer was reorganised as a state owned company separate to the Chilean Air force named ENAER Empresa Nacional de Aeronautica de Chile National Aeronautical Company of Chile 2 3 The Chilean Air Force initially provided the company with capital personnel and resources while one of the firm s prime responsibilities was to service the various aircraft types operated by the Chilean Air Force citation needed During the 1980s the Chilean Air Force acquired four Spanish built CASA C 101 trainer aircraft along with a licensing agreement for another eight to be assembled locally by ENAER In Chilean service the type is designated as the T 36 Halcon 4 5 A follow on agreement for a dedicated attack version of the C 101 which was locally designated as the A 36 Halcon Falcon was also ordered by Chile 6 only the prototype was manufactured in Spain while the remaining 22 machines were assembled by ENAER Modifications over the trainer model previously procured included an engine upgrade and increased fuel capacity 6 7 During 1986 ENAER decided to embark on its first entirely indigenous aircraft It was a two seat single engined light aircraft suitable for use by flying clubs as a training aircraft As such the project initially known as the Avion Livano light aircraft and later known as the Namcu was to be inexpensive 8 9 with a price of US 70 000 claimed in 1991 10 11 12 The first prototype made its maiden flight in April 1989 9 with three more prototypes following one of which had a fatal crash on 11 February 1992 13 After attempts to interest the Chilean Air Force in the Namcu failed ENAER set up Euro ENAER a joint venture with the Delft University of Technology and private Dutch investors to certify the aircraft as airworthy in the Netherlands under European regulations ENAER hoped to sell as many as 50 aircraft per year at a price which had increased to US 100 000 per aircraft 14 15 By 1998 it was planned to assemble a modified version of the aircraft powered by a 150 hp 110 kW Textron Lycoming O 320 D2A engine in a new factory in the Netherlands Certification was expected by late that year while the unit price had again risen to 120 000 16 In early 1999 Euro ENAER blamed poor weather and difficulties with the Joint Aviation Authorities for certification delays while the unit price rose yet again to US 160 000 although the company was forecasting annual sales of 50 aircraft per year in Europe and 200 per year in America 17 Euro ENAER certified the aircraft in 1992 but the company announced that additional funding was needed to start production 18 Financing could not be found however thus Euro ENAER was declared bankrupt later that year 19 Aircraft EditMaestranza Central de Aviacion HF XX 02 A 36 Halcon T 35 Pillan ENAER Elkan ENAER Pantera ENAER Namcu ENAER EagletReferences EditCitations Edit Peperell amp Smith 1987 p 159 Gunston 2005 pp 145 146 235 Lambert 1990 p 30 Tobar Alfonso and Graham Warwick Looking forward Flight International 14 April 1999 Hoyle Craig PICTURES Chile receives first four Super Tucanos Flight International 5 January 2010 a b Hewson 2001 p 36 Military Aircraft Directory CASA Flight International 29 July 1998 Taylor 1988 pp 33 34 a b Lambert 1990 p 31 Hamill amp Gould Flight International 5 11 June 1991 p 49 Lambert 1990 pp 31 32 Gaines Flight International 27 June 3 July 1990 pp 40 42 News in Brief Namcu Crashes Flight International Vol 141 no 4306 19 25 February 1992 p 9 Retrieved 29 November 2019 Lewis amp Norris Flight International 21 27 March 2000 p 45 Enaer Namcu close to certification Flight International Vol 147 no 4469 26 April 2 May 1995 p 23 Retrieved 29 November 2019 ENAER creates Dutch assembly base for Eaglet Flight International Vol 153 no 4607 7 13 January 1998 p 16 Retrieved 29 November 2019 Sarsfield Kate 24 30 March 1999 Eaglet approval set back to later this year Flight International Vol 155 no 4669 p 16 Retrieved 29 November 2019 ENAER to strengthen IAI ties with avionics move Flight International Vol 161 no 4826 9 15 April 2002 p 13 Retrieved 29 November 2019 Jackson 2003 pp 71 321 Bibliography Edit Gaines Mike 27 June 3 July 1990 Chilean Lightweight Flight International Vol 138 no 4222 pp 40 42 Retrieved 28 November 2019 Gunston Bill 2005 World Encyclopedia of Aircraft Manufacturers 2nd ed Stroud UK Sutton Publishing ISBN 0 7509 3981 8 Hamill Tom Gould Ian 5 11 June 1991 Light Aircraft Buyer s Guide Vol 139 no 4270 pp 47 56 Retrieved 29 November 2019 a href Template Cite magazine html title Template Cite magazine cite magazine a Cite magazine requires magazine help Jackson Paul ed 2003 Jane s All the World s Aircraft 2003 2004 Coulsdon UK Jane s Information Group ISBN 0 7106 2537 5 Hewson Robert The Vital Guide to Military Aircraft Airlife 2001 ISBN 1 84037 065 3 Lambert Mark ed 1990 Jane s All the World s Aircraft 1990 91 Coulsdon UK Jane s Defence Data ISBN 0 7106 0908 6 Lewis Gary Norris Guy 21 27 March 2000 Southern success Flight International Vol 157 no 4720 pp 44 47 Retrieved 29 November 2019 Peperell Roger W Smith Colin M 1987 Piper Aircraft and their forerunners Tonbridge Kent England Air Britain ISBN 0 85130 149 5 Taylor John W R ed 1988 Jane s All the World s Aircraft 1988 89 Coulsdon UK Jane s Defence Data ISBN 0 7106 0867 5 Taylor Michael J H ed 1999 Brassey s World Aircraft amp Systems Directory 1999 2000 London Brassey s ISBN 1 85753 245 7 External links EditENAER Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title ENAER amp oldid 1080760101, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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