Emerods is an archaic term for hemorrhoids. Derived from the Old French word emoroyde, it was used as the common English term until the nineteenth century, after which it was replaced in medicine by a direct transliteration of the original Greek term haimorrhoides.[1]
The word is most commonly encountered, however, in the King James Bible, where it appears in the First Book of Samuel as a plague that afflicted the Philistines who had captured the Ark of the Covenant from the Israelites. Chapter 5 of I Samuel describes a "plague of emerods" that smote the people of Ashdod in their "secret parts", causing many to die.[2] According to chapter 6, the plague was not relieved until the Philistines returned the Ark of the Covenant to the Israelites, along with a trespass offering of "five golden emerods and five golden mice" (the plague of emerods occurred simultaneously with a plague of mice).[3] The concept of "golden hemorrhoids" has on occasion given rise to puzzlement or humor.[4]
Modern scholars have pointed out that the Hebrew term Apholim, translated "emerods" in the King James Version, could also be translated as "tumors", as is done in the Revised Version of the Bible.[5] In the fourth century A.D., the early Christian scholar Jerome translated it as "swellings of the secret parts".[6] It has often been speculated that the "plague of emerods" was actually an outbreak of bubonic plague, and that the "plague of mice" was actually a plague of rats, which are not distinguished from mice in ancient Hebrew.[7] Other scholars, however, have identified the "plague of emerods" with other medical conditions, such as bilharziasis,[8] or the bites of camel spiders.[9]
Referencesedit
^Fowler FG (1919). The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English (7th ed.).
^Forder R (1890). "A Bible Disease". Freethinker. 10: 39.
^Alex. Macalister. "Emerods". International Standard Bible Encyclopedia Online. Retrieved 8 February 2016.
^Conrad LI (1984). "The biblical tradition for the plague of the Philistines". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 104 (2): 281–7. doi:10.2307/602172. JSTOR 602172.
^Khan IA (2004). "Plague: the dreadful visitation occupying the human mind for centuries". Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 98 (5): 270–7. doi:10.1016/S0035-9203(03)00059-2. PMID 15109549.
^King DF (1985). "The biblical plague of 'hemorrhoids' An outbreak of bilharziasis". The American Journal of Dermatopathology. 7 (4): 341–6. doi:10.1097/00000372-198508000-00005. PMID 3939579.
^Punzo F (2012). The Biology of Camel-Spiders: Arachnida, Solifugae. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 3. ISBN9781461557272.
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emerods, archaic, term, hemorrhoids, derived, from, french, word, emoroyde, used, common, english, term, until, nineteenth, century, after, which, replaced, medicine, direct, transliteration, original, greek, term, haimorrhoides, word, most, commonly, encounte. Emerods is an archaic term for hemorrhoids Derived from the Old French word emoroyde it was used as the common English term until the nineteenth century after which it was replaced in medicine by a direct transliteration of the original Greek term haimorrhoides 1 The word is most commonly encountered however in the King James Bible where it appears in the First Book of Samuel as a plague that afflicted the Philistines who had captured the Ark of the Covenant from the Israelites Chapter 5 of I Samuel describes a plague of emerods that smote the people of Ashdod in their secret parts causing many to die 2 According to chapter 6 the plague was not relieved until the Philistines returned the Ark of the Covenant to the Israelites along with a trespass offering of five golden emerods and five golden mice the plague of emerods occurred simultaneously with a plague of mice 3 The concept of golden hemorrhoids has on occasion given rise to puzzlement or humor 4 Modern scholars have pointed out that the Hebrew term Apholim translated emerods in the King James Version could also be translated as tumors as is done in the Revised Version of the Bible 5 In the fourth century A D the early Christian scholar Jerome translated it as swellings of the secret parts 6 It has often been speculated that the plague of emerods was actually an outbreak of bubonic plague and that the plague of mice was actually a plague of rats which are not distinguished from mice in ancient Hebrew 7 Other scholars however have identified the plague of emerods with other medical conditions such as bilharziasis 8 or the bites of camel spiders 9 References edit Fowler FG 1919 The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Current English 7th ed 1 Sam 5 6 1 Sam 6 4 Forder R 1890 A Bible Disease Freethinker 10 39 Alex Macalister Emerods International Standard Bible Encyclopedia Online Retrieved 8 February 2016 Conrad LI 1984 The biblical tradition for the plague of the Philistines Journal of the American Oriental Society 104 2 281 7 doi 10 2307 602172 JSTOR 602172 Khan IA 2004 Plague the dreadful visitation occupying the human mind for centuries Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 98 5 270 7 doi 10 1016 S0035 9203 03 00059 2 PMID 15109549 King DF 1985 The biblical plague of hemorrhoids An outbreak of bilharziasis The American Journal of Dermatopathology 7 4 341 6 doi 10 1097 00000372 198508000 00005 PMID 3939579 Punzo F 2012 The Biology of Camel Spiders Arachnida Solifugae Springer Science amp Business Media p 3 ISBN 9781461557272 nbsp This epidemic or pandemic related article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Emerods amp oldid 994014862, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
