Elutriation is a process for separating particles based on their size, shape and density, using a stream of gas or liquid flowing in a direction usually opposite to the direction of sedimentation. This method is mainly used for particles smaller than 1 μm. The smaller or lighter particles rise to the top (overflow) because their terminal sedimentation velocities are lower than the velocity of the rising fluid. The terminal velocity of any particle in any medium can be calculated using Stokes' law if the particle's Reynolds number is below 0.2. Counterflow centrifugation elutriation is a related technique to separate cells.
An air elutriator is a simple device which can separate particles into two or more groups.
Material may be separated by means of an elutriator, which consists of a vertical tube up which fluid is passed at a controlled velocity. When the particles are introduced, often through a side tube, the smaller particles are carried over in the fluid stream while the larger particles settle against the upward current. If one starts with low flow rates, small less dense particles attain their terminal velocities, and flow with the stream. The particle from the stream is collected in overflow and hence will be separated from the feed. Flow rates can be increased to separate higher size ranges. Further size fractions may be collected if the overflow from the first tube is passed vertically upwards through a second tube of greater cross-section, and any number of such tubes can be arranged in series.
Geologyedit
Pyroclastic flows from volcanoes are associated with elutriation. Coarser material is confined to near the ground and the finer particles rise buoyantly toward the top.[1]
Mineral Processingedit
It is used in mineral processing for size classification. The elutriation dust value is a usual measure for quantification of dust, generated by testing wherein mechanical forces such as vibration are applied to granules of e.g. a detergent agent.
Elutriation is a common method used by biologists to sample meiofauna.[4] The sediment sample is constantly agitated by a flow of filtered water from below, the action of which dislodges interstitial organisms embedded between sediment grains. A very fine filter at the top captures these organisms from the overflow.[5]
^Liew, Soo Chin; Jean-Claude, Thouret; Gupta, Avijit; Kwoh, Leong (2008-05-01). "First Satellite Image of a Moving Pyroclastic Flow". EOS Transactions. 89 (22): 202. Bibcode:2008EOSTr..89..202L. doi:10.1029/2008EO220002.
^Willis, Nicholas; Rhind, Nicholas (2011). "Studying S-Phase DNA Damage Checkpoints Using the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe". Cell Cycle Checkpoints. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 782. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press. pp. 13–21. doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-273-1_2. ISBN978-1-61779-272-4. ISSN 1064-3745. PMC5093319. PMID 21870281.
^Tormos-Pérez, Marta; Pérez-Hidalgo, Livia; Moreno, Sergio (2016). "Fission Yeast Cell Cycle Synchronization Methods". Methods in Molecular Biology. New York, NY: Springer New York. pp. 293–308. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-3145-3_20. ISBN978-1-4939-3144-6. ISSN 1064-3745. PMID 26519320.
^Uhlig, G.; Thiel, H.; Gray, J. S. (May 1973). "The quantitative separation of meiofauna". Helgoland Marine Research. 25 (1): 173–195. Bibcode:1973HWM....25..173U. doi:10.1007/BF01609968.
^Blair, Reina M.; Waldron, Susan; Phoenix, Vernon; Gauchotte-Lindsay, Caroline (2017). "Micro- and Nanoplastic Pollution of Freshwater and Wastewater Treatment Systems". Springer Science Reviews. 5 (1–2): 19–30. doi:10.1007/s40362-017-0044-7.
External linksedit
N.N.Zoubov Engineers SMCE Air Classifier / Air Separator - How Works 2011-12-18 at the Wayback Machine
Air Classifiers / Air separators - databases.
Elutriation Systems
January 01, 1970
elutriation, process, separating, particles, based, their, size, shape, density, using, stream, liquid, flowing, direction, usually, opposite, direction, sedimentation, this, method, mainly, used, particles, smaller, than, smaller, lighter, particles, rise, ov. Elutriation is a process for separating particles based on their size shape and density using a stream of gas or liquid flowing in a direction usually opposite to the direction of sedimentation This method is mainly used for particles smaller than 1 mm The smaller or lighter particles rise to the top overflow because their terminal sedimentation velocities are lower than the velocity of the rising fluid The terminal velocity of any particle in any medium can be calculated using Stokes law if the particle s Reynolds number is below 0 2 Counterflow centrifugation elutriation is a related technique to separate cells Contents 1 Air classification 2 Geology 2 1 Mineral Processing 3 Biology 3 1 Laboratory separations of single cells 3 2 Biological Sediment Processing 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksAir classification editAn air elutriator is a simple device which can separate particles into two or more groups Material may be separated by means of an elutriator which consists of a vertical tube up which fluid is passed at a controlled velocity When the particles are introduced often through a side tube the smaller particles are carried over in the fluid stream while the larger particles settle against the upward current If one starts with low flow rates small less dense particles attain their terminal velocities and flow with the stream The particle from the stream is collected in overflow and hence will be separated from the feed Flow rates can be increased to separate higher size ranges Further size fractions may be collected if the overflow from the first tube is passed vertically upwards through a second tube of greater cross section and any number of such tubes can be arranged in series Geology editPyroclastic flows from volcanoes are associated with elutriation Coarser material is confined to near the ground and the finer particles rise buoyantly toward the top 1 Mineral Processing edit It is used in mineral processing for size classification The elutriation dust value is a usual measure for quantification of dust generated by testing wherein mechanical forces such as vibration are applied to granules of e g a detergent agent Biology editLaboratory separations of single cells edit Centrifugal elutriation has been used for the separation of fission yeast by cell cycle status 2 3 Biological Sediment Processing edit Elutriation is a common method used by biologists to sample meiofauna 4 The sediment sample is constantly agitated by a flow of filtered water from below the action of which dislodges interstitial organisms embedded between sediment grains A very fine filter at the top captures these organisms from the overflow 5 See also editAir classifier Counterflow centrifugation elutriationReferences edit Liew Soo Chin Jean Claude Thouret Gupta Avijit Kwoh Leong 2008 05 01 First Satellite Image of a Moving Pyroclastic Flow EOS Transactions 89 22 202 Bibcode 2008EOSTr 89 202L doi 10 1029 2008EO220002 Willis Nicholas Rhind Nicholas 2011 Studying S Phase DNA Damage Checkpoints Using the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe Cell Cycle Checkpoints Methods in Molecular Biology Vol 782 Totowa NJ Humana Press pp 13 21 doi 10 1007 978 1 61779 273 1 2 ISBN 978 1 61779 272 4 ISSN 1064 3745 PMC 5093319 PMID 21870281 Tormos Perez Marta Perez Hidalgo Livia Moreno Sergio 2016 Fission Yeast Cell Cycle Synchronization Methods Methods in Molecular Biology New York NY Springer New York pp 293 308 doi 10 1007 978 1 4939 3145 3 20 ISBN 978 1 4939 3144 6 ISSN 1064 3745 PMID 26519320 Uhlig G Thiel H Gray J S May 1973 The quantitative separation of meiofauna Helgoland Marine Research 25 1 173 195 Bibcode 1973HWM 25 173U doi 10 1007 BF01609968 Blair Reina M Waldron Susan Phoenix Vernon Gauchotte Lindsay Caroline 2017 Micro and Nanoplastic Pollution of Freshwater and Wastewater Treatment Systems Springer Science Reviews 5 1 2 19 30 doi 10 1007 s40362 017 0044 7 External links editN N Zoubov Engineers SMCE Air Classifier Air Separator How Works Archived 2011 12 18 at the Wayback Machine Air Classifiers Air separators databases Elutriation Systems Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Elutriation amp oldid 1146027515, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
