Ellobiopsis is a genus of unicellular, ectoparasiticeukaryotes causing disease in crustaceans.[1] This genus is widespread and has been found infecting copepods from both marine and freshwater ecosystems.[2] parasitism has been seen to interfere with fertility in both sexes of copepods.[3][2]
The Ellobiopsistype species, Ellobiopsis chattoni, was first described in 1910 by Caullery after being isolated from an infected copepod found in the Mediterranean Sea. Ellobiopsis was first classified as a dinoflagellate, but observation of a spore forming organelle concluded that the Ellobiopsis was not a part of this group. Phylogeny based on small subunit (SSU) ribosomal DNA places Ellobiopsis in the Alveolata.[4] In the family Ellobiopsidae, the most closely related genus is Thalassomyces.[4] Three species have been defined in this genus: Ellobiopsis chattoni Caullery (1910), Ellobiopsis elongata Steuer (1932) and Ellobiopsis fagei Hovasse (1951). These species are characterized by morphology of their reproductive structures and their ability to infect species specific hosts.
Descriptionedit
Morphologyedit
During dispersal, unflagellated spores of Ellobiopsis land on the surface of potential hosts. Once in contact with a host, the cell body of the organism grows and takes on an oval shape. A rhizoid pierces the host cuticle to root the parasite in the copepod tissue. The cell body constricts in the center and differentiate into trophomere and gonomere, proximal and distal to the host body. The cell forms a conical shape. The number of gonomeres is distinguishes species.[2] The cell body has been seen to grows to a length of 700 µm and a width of 350 µm.[5]
Life cycleedit
The parasitic life cycle of Ellobiopsis chattoni begins with a spore that lands on the surface of a host appendage. A stalk attaches the parasite to the host and it uses an organelle for penetration, called a rhizoid, of the cuticle and to root itself in the host tissue.[2][5] As the cell grows the root is used for absorption, causing damaging to the local host tissue.[2] Once established at a specific size, approximately 400 µm,[5] the cell body begins to partition itself in half. The half not attached to the host becomes the gonomere and the half attached to the host is named the trophomere. As the gonomere and trophomere partitioning continues to partition, the spore begins to form in the gonomere and it takes on a granulated texture. The pre-spores are released from the reproductive body and form spores for dispersal to the next host.[4]
^Gómez F, López-García P, Nowaczyk A, Moreira D (2009). "The crustacean parasites Ellobiopsis Caullery, 1910 and Thalassomyces Niezabitowski, 1913 form a monophyletic divergent clade within the Alveolata". Syst. Parasitol. 74 (1): 65–74. doi:10.1007/s11230-009-9199-1. PMID 19633933. S2CID 3901878.
^ abcdeShields, Jeffrey D. (1994). "The parasitic dinoflagellates of marine crustaceans". Annual Review of Fish Diseases. 4: 241–271. CiteSeerX10.1.1.520.1367. doi:10.1016/0959-8030(94)90031-0.
^Albaina, A.; Irigoien, X. (2006-04-01). "Fecundity limitation of Calanus helgolandicus, by the parasite Ellobiopsis sp". Journal of Plankton Research. 28 (4): 413–418. doi:10.1093/plankt/fbi129. ISSN 0142-7873.
^ abcGómez, Fernando; López-García, Purificación; Nowaczyk, Antoine; Moreira, David (September 2009). "The crustacean parasites Ellobiopsis Caullery, 1910 and Thalassomyces Niezabitowski, 1913 form a monophyletic divergent clade within the Alveolata". Systematic Parasitology. 74 (1): 65–74. doi:10.1007/s11230-009-9199-1. ISSN 1573-5192. PMID 19633933. S2CID 3901878.
^ abcV., Santhakumari; M., Saraswathy (1979). "On the ellobiopsidae, parasitic protozoa from zooplankton". Mahasagar: Bulletin of the National Institute of Oceanography, India. ISSN 0542-0938.
February 15, 2024
ellobiopsis, genus, unicellular, ectoparasitic, eukaryotes, causing, disease, crustaceans, this, genus, widespread, been, found, infecting, copepods, from, both, marine, freshwater, ecosystems, parasitism, been, seen, interfere, with, fertility, both, sexes, c. Ellobiopsis is a genus of unicellular ectoparasitic eukaryotes causing disease in crustaceans 1 This genus is widespread and has been found infecting copepods from both marine and freshwater ecosystems 2 parasitism has been seen to interfere with fertility in both sexes of copepods 3 2 EllobiopsisScientific classificationDomain Eukaryota unranked SAR unranked AlveolataSuperphylum MyzozoaPhylum DinozoaClass EllobiopseaOrder EllobiopsidaFamily EllobiopsidaeGenus EllobiopsisCaullery 1910SpeciesEllobiopsis caridarumEllobiopsis chattoniiEllobiopsis elongataEllobiopsis eupraxiaeEllobiopsis fageiEllobiopsis racemosus Contents 1 Taxonomy and History 2 Description 2 1 Morphology 2 2 Life cycle 3 Host records 4 ReferencesTaxonomy and History editThe Ellobiopsis type species Ellobiopsis chattoni was first described in 1910 by Caullery after being isolated from an infected copepod found in the Mediterranean Sea Ellobiopsis was first classified as a dinoflagellate but observation of a spore forming organelle concluded that the Ellobiopsis was not a part of this group Phylogeny based on small subunit SSU ribosomal DNA places Ellobiopsis in the Alveolata 4 In the family Ellobiopsidae the most closely related genus is Thalassomyces 4 Three species have been defined in this genus Ellobiopsis chattoni Caullery 1910 Ellobiopsis elongata Steuer 1932 and Ellobiopsis fagei Hovasse 1951 These species are characterized by morphology of their reproductive structures and their ability to infect species specific hosts Description editMorphology edit During dispersal unflagellated spores of Ellobiopsis land on the surface of potential hosts Once in contact with a host the cell body of the organism grows and takes on an oval shape A rhizoid pierces the host cuticle to root the parasite in the copepod tissue The cell body constricts in the center and differentiate into trophomere and gonomere proximal and distal to the host body The cell forms a conical shape The number of gonomeres is distinguishes species 2 The cell body has been seen to grows to a length of 700 µm and a width of 350 µm 5 Life cycle edit The parasitic life cycle of Ellobiopsis chattoni begins with a spore that lands on the surface of a host appendage A stalk attaches the parasite to the host and it uses an organelle for penetration called a rhizoid of the cuticle and to root itself in the host tissue 2 5 As the cell grows the root is used for absorption causing damaging to the local host tissue 2 Once established at a specific size approximately 400 µm 5 the cell body begins to partition itself in half The half not attached to the host becomes the gonomere and the half attached to the host is named the trophomere As the gonomere and trophomere partitioning continues to partition the spore begins to form in the gonomere and it takes on a granulated texture The pre spores are released from the reproductive body and form spores for dispersal to the next host 4 Host records editE chattonii Acartia clausi Calanus helgolandica Calanus finmarchicus Centropages typicus Clausocalanus arcuicornis Ctenocalanus vanus Euchaeta marina Euchaeta wolfendeni Metridia longa Pleuromamma gracilis Pleuromamma borealis Portunus pelagicus Pseudocalanus elongatus Pseudocalanus minutus Undinula vulgaris E elongata Clausocalanus arcuicornis Ctenocalanus vanus Cosmocalanus darwini Euchaeta marina Gaetanus antarcticus Gaetanus curvicornis Penaeopsis retacuta E fagei Clausocalanus arcuicornisReferences edit Gomez F Lopez Garcia P Nowaczyk A Moreira D 2009 The crustacean parasites Ellobiopsis Caullery 1910 and Thalassomyces Niezabitowski 1913 form a monophyletic divergent clade within the Alveolata Syst Parasitol 74 1 65 74 doi 10 1007 s11230 009 9199 1 PMID 19633933 S2CID 3901878 a b c d e Shields Jeffrey D 1994 The parasitic dinoflagellates of marine crustaceans Annual Review of Fish Diseases 4 241 271 CiteSeerX 10 1 1 520 1367 doi 10 1016 0959 8030 94 90031 0 Albaina A Irigoien X 2006 04 01 Fecundity limitation of Calanus helgolandicus by the parasite Ellobiopsis sp Journal of Plankton Research 28 4 413 418 doi 10 1093 plankt fbi129 ISSN 0142 7873 a b c Gomez Fernando Lopez Garcia Purificacion Nowaczyk Antoine Moreira David September 2009 The crustacean parasites Ellobiopsis Caullery 1910 and Thalassomyces Niezabitowski 1913 form a monophyletic divergent clade within the Alveolata Systematic Parasitology 74 1 65 74 doi 10 1007 s11230 009 9199 1 ISSN 1573 5192 PMID 19633933 S2CID 3901878 a b c V Santhakumari M Saraswathy 1979 On the ellobiopsidae parasitic protozoa from zooplankton Mahasagar Bulletin of the National Institute of Oceanography India ISSN 0542 0938 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ellobiopsis amp oldid 1097090742, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
