Prior to occupation by the Spanish, the site of the Presidio was home to the Kumeyaay people (called the Diegueños by the Spaniards).
The first Europeans to explore San Diego Bay and its environs were members of the maritime expedition led by Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo in 1542. Sebastián Vizcaíno visited again in 1602, but no settlement was made until the fort was begun in May 1769. On July 16, 1769, Mission San Diego de Alcalá was established by Junípero Serra on Presidio Hill. The presidio had a commanding view of San Diego Bay and the Pacific Ocean, allowing the Spanish to see potential intruders.
Less than a month after the mission was established, a Kumeyaay uprising occurred; four Spaniards were wounded and a boy was killed. After the attack, the Spaniards built a stockade which was finished in March 1770. It included two bronze cannons: one pointed to the bay, the other to the nearby Indian village.
In 1773 and 1774, adobe structures were built to replace the temporary wood and brush huts. Later in 1774, the mission was moved a few miles up Mission Valley to separate the Kumeyaay from the influence of the presidial garrison. By 1783, there were 54 troops stationed at the presidio.[6]
Ruins of the San Diego Presidio (National Historic Landmarks collection).
With Mexican independence in 1821, the presidio came under Mexican control, and was officially relinquished by the Spanish on April 20, 1822. From 1825–1829, it served as the Mexican governor's residence. The presidio was abandoned by 1835 and fell to ruins, because settlers preferred to live in the more accessible town—present-day Old Town San Diego State Historic Park—which developed at the foot of Presidio Hill.
Preservationedit
The Serra Museum in Presidio Park marks the original site of the Presidio and Mission
In 1907 George Marston, a wealthy department store owner, bought Presidio Hill with an interest to preserve the site. Unable to attract public funding, Marston built a private park in 1925 with the help of architect John Nolen. He also funded the Junípero Serra Museum, designed by William Templeton Johnson and built in 1928–1929 in Spanish Revival style architecture, to house and showcase the collection of the San Diego Historical Society (now the San Diego History Center).[7] Serra Museum is sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Presidio, but in fact nothing remains of the original Presidio. Marston donated the park and museum to the city in 1929. Presidio Park is still owned by the city of San Diego; the Serra Museum is managed by the San Diego History Center.
No historical structures remain in Presidio Park today. The Presidio site is occasionally used for archaeological excavations.
^ abcd. National Historic Landmarks Quioklinks. National Park Service. Archived from the original on 21 July 2011. Retrieved 18 March 2012.
^ ab"Presidio of San Diego". Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks. Retrieved 2012-10-13.
^"Historical Landmarks Designated by the San Diego Historical Resources Board" (PDF). City of San Diego.
^Snell, Charles (1963). "San Diego Presidio" (pdf). National Register of Historic Places - Inventory Nomination Form. National Park Service. Retrieved 18 May 2012.
^For the Revillagigedo Census of 1790, see The Census of 1790, California 2011-07-16 at the Wayback Machine, California Spanish Genealogy. Retrieved on 2008-08-04. Compiled from William Marvin Mason. The Census of 1790: A Demographic History of California. (Menlo Park: Ballena Press, 1998). 75–105. ISBN978-0-87919-137-5.
^"The Junipero Serra Museum". San Diego History Center. Retrieved 18 December 2012.
"Early History of the San Diego Presidial District, 1542-1782." UC Berkeley thesis, 1930, by Lucien C. Atherton.
External linksedit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Presidio Park, San Diego, California.
"Use of Presidio Hill", Journal of San Diego History 45:3 (Summer 1999) by Jennifer Luksic and Nik Kendziorski
El Presidio Real de San Diego
"Life on Presidio Hill Under the Spanish Flag", History of San Diego (1907-08) by William E. Smythe
Presidio Park - City of San Diego website
Serra Museum - San Diego History Center website
Early History of the California Coast, a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary
January 01, 1970
presidio, diego, presidio, real, diego, royal, historic, fort, diego, california, established, 1769, gaspar, portolá, leader, first, european, land, exploration, alta, california, that, time, unexplored, northwestern, frontier, area, spain, presidio, first, pe. El Presidio Real de San Diego Royal Presidio of San Diego is a historic fort in San Diego California It was established on May 14 1769 by Gaspar de Portola leader of the first European land exploration of Alta California at that time an unexplored northwestern frontier area of New Spain The presidio was the first permanent European settlement on the Pacific Coast of the present day United States As the first of the presidios and Spanish missions in California it was the base of operations for the Spanish colonization of California 2 The associated Mission San Diego de Alcala later moved a few miles away San Diego PresidioU S National Register of Historic PlacesU S National Historic LandmarkCalifornia Historical Landmark No 59San Diego Historic Landmark No 41820 map Presidio of San DiegoShow map of San DiegoShow map of San Diego County CaliforniaShow map of CaliforniaShow map of the United StatesLocationSan Diego CaliforniaCoordinates32 45 31 N 117 11 36 W 32 75861 N 117 19333 W 32 75861 117 19333Built1769 2 NRHP reference No 66000226 1 CHISL No 59SDHL No 4Significant datesAdded to NRHPOctober 15 1966Designated NHLOctober 9 1960 2 Designated CHISL1932 3 Designated SDHLFebruary 29 1968 4 Essentially abandoned by 1835 5 the site of the original Presidio lies on a hill within present day Presidio Park although no historic structures remain above ground The San Diego Presidio was registered as a California Historical Landmark in 1932 3 then declared a National Historic Landmark in 1960 2 Contents 1 History 2 Preservation 3 See also 4 References 5 Further reading 6 External linksHistory editPrior to occupation by the Spanish the site of the Presidio was home to the Kumeyaay people called the Dieguenos by the Spaniards The first Europeans to explore San Diego Bay and its environs were members of the maritime expedition led by Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo in 1542 Sebastian Vizcaino visited again in 1602 but no settlement was made until the fort was begun in May 1769 On July 16 1769 Mission San Diego de Alcala was established by Junipero Serra on Presidio Hill The presidio had a commanding view of San Diego Bay and the Pacific Ocean allowing the Spanish to see potential intruders Less than a month after the mission was established a Kumeyaay uprising occurred four Spaniards were wounded and a boy was killed After the attack the Spaniards built a stockade which was finished in March 1770 It included two bronze cannons one pointed to the bay the other to the nearby Indian village In 1773 and 1774 adobe structures were built to replace the temporary wood and brush huts Later in 1774 the mission was moved a few miles up Mission Valley to separate the Kumeyaay from the influence of the presidial garrison By 1783 there were 54 troops stationed at the presidio 6 nbsp Ruins of the San Diego Presidio National Historic Landmarks collection With Mexican independence in 1821 the presidio came under Mexican control and was officially relinquished by the Spanish on April 20 1822 From 1825 1829 it served as the Mexican governor s residence The presidio was abandoned by 1835 and fell to ruins because settlers preferred to live in the more accessible town present day Old Town San Diego State Historic Park which developed at the foot of Presidio Hill Preservation edit nbsp The Serra Museum in Presidio Park marks the original site of the Presidio and Mission In 1907 George Marston a wealthy department store owner bought Presidio Hill with an interest to preserve the site Unable to attract public funding Marston built a private park in 1925 with the help of architect John Nolen He also funded the Junipero Serra Museum designed by William Templeton Johnson and built in 1928 1929 in Spanish Revival style architecture to house and showcase the collection of the San Diego Historical Society now the San Diego History Center 7 Serra Museum is sometimes incorrectly referred to as the Presidio but in fact nothing remains of the original Presidio Marston donated the park and museum to the city in 1929 Presidio Park is still owned by the city of San Diego the Serra Museum is managed by the San Diego History Center No historical structures remain in Presidio Park today The Presidio site is occasionally used for archaeological excavations There are additional photographs available 8 See also edit nbsp California portal Commandants of the Presidio of San Diego Military Districts in Spanish California Pueblo de San DiegoReferences edit National Register Information System National Register of Historic Places National Park Service April 15 2008 a b c d San Diego Presidio National Historic Landmarks Quioklinks National Park Service Archived from the original on 21 July 2011 Retrieved 18 March 2012 a b Presidio of San Diego Office of Historic Preservation California State Parks Retrieved 2012 10 13 Historical Landmarks Designated by the San Diego Historical Resources Board PDF City of San Diego Snell Charles 1963 San Diego Presidio pdf National Register of Historic Places Inventory Nomination Form National Park Service Retrieved 18 May 2012 For the Revillagigedo Census of 1790 see The Census of 1790 California Archived 2011 07 16 at the Wayback Machine California Spanish Genealogy Retrieved on 2008 08 04 Compiled from William Marvin Mason The Census of 1790 A Demographic History of California Menlo Park Ballena Press 1998 75 105 ISBN 978 0 87919 137 5 The Junipero Serra Museum San Diego History Center Retrieved 18 December 2012 San Diego Presidio pdf Photographs National Park Service Retrieved 18 May 2012 Further reading editSee also Bibliography of California history Early History of the San Diego Presidial District 1542 1782 UC Berkeley thesis 1930 by Lucien C Atherton External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Presidio Park San Diego California Use of Presidio Hill Journal of San Diego History 45 3 Summer 1999 by Jennifer Luksic and Nik Kendziorski El Presidio Real de San Diego Life on Presidio Hill Under the Spanish Flag History of San Diego 1907 08 by William E Smythe Presidio Park City of San Diego website Serra Museum San Diego History Center website Early History of the California Coast a National Park Service Discover Our Shared Heritage Travel Itinerary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Presidio of San Diego amp oldid 1177270197, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
