HM Prison Durham
HM Prison Durham is a Georgian era reception Category B men's prison, located in the Elvet area of Durham in County Durham, England. Built in 1819, the prison is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service. Its women prisoners were all moved out to other prisons in 2005 due to overcrowding and suicides.
Durham Prison viewed from the main tower of the cathedral | |
| Location | Durham, County Durham |
|---|---|
| Security class | Adult Male/Category B |
| Capacity | 980 as of 2022[1] |
| Population | 980 (as of September 2022) |
| Opened | 19th century |
| Managed by | HM Prison Services |
| Governor | Tim Healy |
| Website | Durham at justice.gov.uk |
History edit
The Northgate was established in Saddler Street around 1072.[2][3] It was rebuilt by Bishop Thomas Langley in the early 15th century to provide custodial facilities, which became known as the Northgate Prison or the County Gaol, and was enlarged in 1773.[4] There was also a House of Correction, also known as the Bridewell, established on the north side of Elvet Bridge in 1634.[5]
In the early 19th century, the two institutions were consolidated at the current site, just south of the new Durham Courthouse: the new prison, consisting of some 600 cells, opened in 1819.[6] The prison's C wing was built in 1850.[7]
In 1832, protests over working conditions in the South Shields workhouse were supported by miners' strikes. Soldiers were sent to evict striking miners from their pubs. One miner, William Jobling, was convicted of the murder of a local magistrate near Jarrow Slake. He was hanged amid heightened security of 50 mounted Hussars and 50 infantrymen to protect the gallows. His body was gibbeted after death.[6] Between 1869 and 1958, 95 judicial executions took place on the gallows at Durham prison or the court house.[6] On 17 December 1958, the final execution at Durham took place when Private Brian Chandler (aged 20) was hanged for the murder of Martha Dodd in the course of theft. Chandler was a soldier based at Catterick camp, and had beaten the 83-year-old widow to death with a hammer.[6][8][9]
Irish Republicans were imprisoned in Durham in 1918.[10]
During the late 1960s and 1970s the prison became a study project for Stan Cohen and Laurie Taylor, which led to their publication of three books, namely Psychological Survival: The Experience of Long-term Imprisonment (1972),[11] Escape Attempts (1976) and Prison Secrets (1978). Cohen additionally published Visions of Social Control: Crime, Punishment and Classification (1985).
In 1990 19-year-old-prisoner Darren Brook was murdered by another prisoner.[12]
In 2001, Durham (which was a Category A prison for men and women at the time) was praised by Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Prisons for its progressive regime, integration of inmates and falling levels of violence.[13] However, in 2003 it was revealed that Durham had the highest prison suicide rate in England[14] and, in 2004, a report by the Chief Inspector of Prisons criticised it for being severely overcrowded and the lack of education and work opportunities.[15] The following year, the female high-security wing with 120 prisoners was discontinued and the prisoners transferred elsewhere after HM Inspectorate of Prisons reports concluded, following several suicides, that it was unsuitable for housing female prisoners.[16]
In 2011 it was announced that, along with several other prisons, HMP Durham would be put up for market testing as part of a Ministry of Justice plan to make savings of almost 25%.[17]
A 2014 report by HM Inspectorate of Prisons found that a third of inmates tested positive for drug use, a rate almost twice as high as similar prisons. Rates of violence were also higher than expected which indicated that monitoring should be improved. The prison was, however, praised for the quality of work activity and learning available to prisoners.[18]
In 2018 the Channel 4 documentary Prison was filmed over a 7 month period in the jail.[19]
As of 2022, Durham is a Reception prison[20] for remand adult/ young male prisoners, primarily serving the courts of County Durham, Tyne and Wear, Teesside and Cumbria. It is divided into seven wingspans secure units, a segregation section and a healthcare section.[20] The prison offers part-time education to all inmates, including courses on data input, bricklaying, woodwork, painting and decorating, waste management and gardening.[21]
Notable inmates edit
Current edit
Former edit
- Martina Anderson[23]
- Mary Ann Cotton[24]
- Sandra Gregory[25]
- Myra Hindley[26]
- Marie Therese Kouao[27]
- Bernadette McNeilly[28]
- Ruth Neave[29][30]
- Carole Richardson[31]
- Maxine Robinson[32]
- Maria Rossi[33]
- Sara Thornton[34]
- Judith Ward[35]
- Rosemary West[36][37]
- Ian Brady[38]
- Keith 'Mad Dog' Brumwell[36][dead link]
- Andy Ferrell[39]
- Kieran Patrick Kelly[40]
- Ronald Kray[26]
- John McVicar[26]
- Raoul Moat[41]
- Charlie Richardson[42]
- Eddie Richardson[38]
- John Straffen[42][43]
- David Boyd[44]
- John Vickers.[45]
Film and TV links edit
- The 1980 British film McVicar starring Roger Daltrey is partially set in Durham Prison.[46]
- The Prison is featured in Longford (2006) - Myra Hindley as an inmate
References edit
- ^ Ministry of Justice Durham Prison information Prison finder, 5 March 2012, retrieved 30 September 2015
- ^ "Northgate Prison, Durham". British Library. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
- ^ "The Great North Gate". Durham World Heritage Site. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
- ^ "The History of Durham Prison". Durham University. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
- ^ "What was it like to be a prisoner?". Durham University. Retrieved 11 March 2023.
- ^ a b c d "Durham prison". Capitalpunishmentuk.org. n.d. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
- ^ "DURHAM PRISON C WING, City of Durham - 1310524 | Historic England".
- ^ . Dur.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 15 October 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
- ^ Published on 12/06/2008 10:49 (17 December 1958). "1958: Last man hanged - News". Sunderland Echo. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Irish Republicans, Durham Prison, England, August 1918".
- ^ Cohen, Stanley; Taylor, Laurie (1972). Psychological Survival: The Experience of Long-term Imprisonment. ISBN 9780140216578.
- ^ "Durham Prison - Hansard - UK Parliament".
- ^ "Progressive prison wins praise". BBC News. 18 September 2001. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- ^ "Durham Prison tops suicide table". BBC News. 12 January 2003. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- ^ "Report highlights overcrowding". BBC News. 13 January 2004. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
- ^ "Call to move 'She Wing' prisoners". BBC News. 5 September 2005. Retrieved 1 May 2010.
She Wing has seen six suicides in 18 months among its female inmate population of 100.
- ^ "Two prisons to shut in efficiency bid, MoJ says". BBC News. 13 July 2011.
- ^ Mike Kelly Durham Prison criticised for violence and drug taking among inmates The Journal, 20 May 2014
- ^ "Prison | Channel 4".
- ^ a b "Durham Prison".
- ^ "It has housed Rose West, Myra Hindley and Ronnie Kray - but what is Durham Prison really like?".
- ^ "The brutal murder of Greenhithe teenager Claire Tiltman and why it took 21 years to bring her killer to justice". Kent Online. 9 September 2018. Retrieved 10 July 2022.
- ^ Irish Republican Female Prisons Account - Durham Prison Blogsome.com 2007/12/21 5 October 2008 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ . Archived from the original on 5 January 2008.
- ^ Department of the Official Report (Hansard), House of Commons, Westminster. "House of Commons Hansard Debates for 17 Jan 2000 (pt 35)". Publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 9 October 2015.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c "From gangsters to moors murderers: Meet HMP Durham's most notorious inmates". 21 September 2020.
- ^ "Turbulent day at Climbié inquiry". 8 January 2002.
- ^ "Sex with 'Chucky' killer; Prison boss resigns over his secret affair". The Free Library. 28 January 1996. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
- ^ Pettifor, Tom; Smith, Louie (22 April 2022). "EXCLUSIVE: Rikki Neave's mum shared jail with killer Myra Hindley who said 'you're not a murderer'". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
- ^ "24 Hours in Police Custody: The Murder of Rikki Neave". All4.
- ^ Innocent. . Innocent.org.uk. Archived from the original on 18 March 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
- ^ "Mother admits killing third baby". BBC News. 22 April 2004. Retrieved 29 April 2023.
- ^ Hughes, Marcos (30 September 2018). "The brutal killing of a pensioner by two teenage girls who stabbed and scalped her". Wales Online. Retrieved 6 July 2022.
- ^ "'The darkest hour is before the dawn'". The Independent. 3 June 1996. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
- ^ Ambushed: My Story - Judith Ward, Vermilion Books, December 1995
- ^ a b . Durham University. Archived from the original on 11 July 2007. Retrieved 19 February 2008.
- ^ "Rose West's prison unit to close". BBC News. 27 May 2004. Retrieved 19 February 2008.
- ^ a b "The Hood, The Bad and the Ugly - Scotsman Newspaper". News.scotsman.com. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
- ^ "Former Newcastle footballer Andy Ferrell talks about losing it all and getting back on track". Chronicle Live. 27 May 2015.
- ^ "New book throws up surprise twists in case of Kieran Kelly, Irishman reputed to have killed 31 people".
- ^ Carter, Helen; Weaver, Matthew (5 July 2010). "Police were warned of Raoul Moat's threat to harm ex-girlfriend". The Guardian. London.
- ^ a b McVicar by Himself first published by Hutchinson's in 1974
- ^ "Straffen moved", The Times, 23 May 1968, p. 1
- ^ Kennedy, Rob; Finnegan, Sophie (20 June 2022). "Nikki Allan murder accused in court: Man pleads not guilty". ChronicleLive. Retrieved 12 May 2023.
- ^ "Durham prison". Capital Punishment UK.
- ^ Wilson, David; O'Sullivan, Sean (2004). Images of Incarceration: Representations of Prison in Film and Television Drama. ISBN 9781904380085.
External links edit
- Clark, Richard. . www.richard.clark32.btinternet.co.uk. Archived from the original on 5 January 2008. Retrieved 19 February 2008.
- History of Durham Gaol from theprison.org.uk
- Ministry of Justice pages on Durham