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Duncan Campbell, 1st Lord Campbell

November 16, 2023

Duncan Campbell, 1st Lord Campbell (Classical Gaelic Donnchadh mac Cailein, and also called Donnchadh na-Adh (English: Duncan the fortunate) of Loch Awe, (died 1453), was a Scottish nobleman and politician. He was an important figure in Scottish affairs in the first half of the 15th century and Justiciar of Argyll. He was head of the Clan Campbell for 40 years.

A 16th or 17th century illustration from The Black Book of Taymouth shows Duncan flanked by two of his descendants. On Duncan's right stands his grandson Colin Campbell, 1st Earl of Argyll and on his left is his son Colin of Glenorchy. (Description after Boardman, The Campbells.)

Family edit

Duncan's date of birth is in 1390 in Lochow, Argyll.[1] He was the son of Colin Campbell of Lochawe,[2] and Mariota Campbell. Colin (called Colin Iongantach 'Wonderful', and 'Colin The Good Knight') was the eldest son of Archibald Campbell of Lochawe, while Mariota was the daughter of John Campbell, and thus heiress to the lands of Ardscotnish and Glen Orchy. Colin obtained a dispensation by 13 January 1366 permitting the marriage of Mariota to his son John. He evidently changed his plans and married Mariota himself as in 1372 he obtained a second dispensation, this allowing Colin and Mariota to remarry, after a separation, having already married although within the prohibited degree of kinship.[3]

Duncan may not have been their eldest son: a brother named John Annam, John the Weak, is said to have been passed over. Duncan was seemingly the chosen heir by 6 February 1393 when he was granted the lands of Menstrie by his father. On Colin's death, some time before 19 January 1414, Duncan became head of the Campbells of Loch Awe.[4]

Family ties edit

Duncan was twice married, his first wife was Marjorie Stewart (sometimes identified as Marcellina Stewart), daughter of Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany, she died before August 1432, but not before giving Duncan a son:

Duncan's second wife was Margaret Stewart of Ardgowan (d. after August 1442), the daughter of John Stewart of Ardgowan and Blackhall, illegitimate son of King Robert III of Scotland. With Margaret Duncan the following sons:

  • Sir Colin Campbell of Glenurchy, born c. 1406, ancestor of the Breadalbane family.
  • Neil Campbell of Ormidale (fl. 1442), from whom it is said the houses of Ormidale and Ellengreig descend; father of a son named Colin.
  • Duncan Campbell of Auchinbreck (fl. 1452), said to have been first of the house of Auchinbreck.
  • Archibald Campbell (fl. 1452) ancestor of the old family of Otter, now extinct.

Duncan's closeness to the Albany Stewarts led to King James I of Scotland viewing him with some suspicion, and James sent Duncan south as a hostage in England. The documentary record calls him Campbell of Argyll, and gives his share of the liability for the king's ransom as 1500 merks, more than any other hostage save one.[5] In time Duncan and the king were somewhat reconciled and following James's assassination Duncan was among the supporters of Queen Dowager Joan.

"The fortunate" edit

During the minority of King James II, Duncan professed support and loyalty to the regency, while constantly expanding his power in Argyll, often at the expense of the Crown. He was nevertheless knighted before March 1440 and created a Lord of Parliament as Lord Campbell of Lochawe by James II in 1445.

Death edit

He died between February 1453 and 21 May 1454, and was buried in the collegiate church at Kilmun, which he and his wife Margaret Stewart had founded in 1442 (see Kilmun Church). Their effigies can still be seen in a niche with a wide cusped arch.[6]

His first successor was Archibald, Master of Campbell; also known as Archibald Roy of Kilbride since he was born in Kilbride, two miles from Inverary. Archibald Roy of Kilbride was the 14th Campbell, the Sixth McCailen More, and 16th Knight of Lochow.[7]

His second son by his wife Margaret, Colin, was the founder of the Campbell of Breadalbane line (Earl of Breadalbane and Holland). His other sons by his second marriage, Archibald, Duncan, and Neil, created the Campbell septs of Otter, Auchinbreck, and Ormidale, respectively.[8]

His grandson Colin, son of Archibald 'Gillespic,' (d. 1440) his only child by his first wife, succeeded him as Chief of the Clan Campbell.[9]

Notes edit

  1. ^ "Ancestral File". FamilySearch. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
  2. ^ Balfour Paul, Sir James, The Scots' Peerage, Edinburgh, 1904, vol.1, pp. 328–330.
  3. ^ Boardman, The Campbells, pp. 72–72, 102 & 104; Paul, The Scots Peerage, Vol I, p. 330.
  4. ^ Boardman, The Campbells, pp. 104 & 109–110.
  5. ^ Boardman, The Campbells, p. 291. William Douglas, heir of the Lord of Dalkeith, was also assessed as liable for 1500 merks. See also Paul, The Scots Peerage, vol. I, p. 330, where the amount is described as Duncan's income. The value of 1500 Scots merks in English Pounds sterling, in then-current gold coin was some 750 English merks or 500 pounds sterling. The Scots demy (108 pence Scots money) was considered to be of equal value to the English half-noble (54 pence English money); Grueber, Handbook, p. 171.
  6. ^ "Kilmun, St Munn's Parish Church (Church of Scotland) Including Argyll and Douglas Mausolea, Associated Buildings and Graveyard". Historic Environment Scotland. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  7. ^ The House of Argyll and the Collateral Branches of the Clan Campbell. p. 32.
  8. ^ Paul, James Balfour (1904). The Scots Peerage. Edinburgh: Douglas. p. 1:331–32. Retrieved 22 August 2016.
  9. ^ Paul. The Scots Peerage. p. 1:332.

References edit

  • Boardman, Stephen (2000), "The Tale of Leper John and the Campbell Acquisition of Lorn", in Cowan, E.J.; McDonald, R. Andrew (eds.), Alba: Celtic Scotland in the Medieval Era, East Linton: Tuckwell, ISBN 1-86232-151-5
  • Boardman, Stephen (2006), The Campbells, 1250–1513, Edinburgh: John Donald, ISBN 0-85976-662-4
  • Grueber, Herbert Appold (1899), Handbook of the Coins of Great Britain and Ireland in the British Museum, London: The British Museum
  • Paul, Sir James Balfour (1904), The Scots Peerage, vol. 1, Edinburgh: David Douglas
Peerage of Scotland
New creation Lord Campbell
1445–1453 		Succeeded by

November 16, 2023
duncan, campbell, lord, campbell, classical, gaelic, donnchadh, cailein, also, called, donnchadh, english, duncan, fortunate, loch, died, 1453, scottish, nobleman, politician, important, figure, scottish, affairs, first, half, 15th, century, justiciar, argyll,. Duncan Campbell 1st Lord Campbell Classical Gaelic Donnchadh mac Cailein and also called Donnchadh na Adh English Duncan the fortunate of Loch Awe died 1453 was a Scottish nobleman and politician He was an important figure in Scottish affairs in the first half of the 15th century and Justiciar of Argyll He was head of the Clan Campbell for 40 years A 16th or 17th century illustration from The Black Book of Taymouth shows Duncan flanked by two of his descendants On Duncan s right stands his grandson Colin Campbell 1st Earl of Argyll and on his left is his son Colin of Glenorchy Description after Boardman The Campbells Contents 1 Family 2 Family ties 3 The fortunate 4 Death 5 Notes 6 ReferencesFamily editDuncan s date of birth is in 1390 in Lochow Argyll 1 He was the son of Colin Campbell of Lochawe 2 and Mariota Campbell Colin called Colin Iongantach Wonderful and Colin The Good Knight was the eldest son of Archibald Campbell of Lochawe while Mariota was the daughter of John Campbell and thus heiress to the lands of Ardscotnish and Glen Orchy Colin obtained a dispensation by 13 January 1366 permitting the marriage of Mariota to his son John He evidently changed his plans and married Mariota himself as in 1372 he obtained a second dispensation this allowing Colin and Mariota to remarry after a separation having already married although within the prohibited degree of kinship 3 Duncan may not have been their eldest son a brother named John Annam John the Weak is said to have been passed over Duncan was seemingly the chosen heir by 6 February 1393 when he was granted the lands of Menstrie by his father On Colin s death some time before 19 January 1414 Duncan became head of the Campbells of Loch Awe 4 Family ties editDuncan was twice married his first wife was Marjorie Stewart sometimes identified as Marcellina Stewart daughter of Robert Stewart Duke of Albany she died before August 1432 but not before giving Duncan a son Archibald Campbell Master of Campbell also known as Celestin Campbell and Gillespic or Gillaspy Campbell d 1440 married Elizabeth Somerville daughter of John Somerville 3rd Lord Somerville Archibald and Elizabeth were the parents of Colin Campbell 2nd Lord Campbell c 1433 1493 created Earl of Argyll in 1457 also known as Colin M Gillespic Duncan s second wife was Margaret Stewart of Ardgowan d after August 1442 the daughter of John Stewart of Ardgowan and Blackhall illegitimate son of King Robert III of Scotland With Margaret Duncan the following sons Sir Colin Campbell of Glenurchy born c 1406 ancestor of the Breadalbane family Neil Campbell of Ormidale fl 1442 from whom it is said the houses of Ormidale and Ellengreig descend father of a son named Colin Duncan Campbell of Auchinbreck fl 1452 said to have been first of the house of Auchinbreck Archibald Campbell fl 1452 ancestor of the old family of Otter now extinct Duncan s closeness to the Albany Stewarts led to King James I of Scotland viewing him with some suspicion and James sent Duncan south as a hostage in England The documentary record calls him Campbell of Argyll and gives his share of the liability for the king s ransom as 1500 merks more than any other hostage save one 5 In time Duncan and the king were somewhat reconciled and following James s assassination Duncan was among the supporters of Queen Dowager Joan The fortunate editDuring the minority of King James II Duncan professed support and loyalty to the regency while constantly expanding his power in Argyll often at the expense of the Crown He was nevertheless knighted before March 1440 and created a Lord of Parliament as Lord Campbell of Lochawe by James II in 1445 Death editHe died between February 1453 and 21 May 1454 and was buried in the collegiate church at Kilmun which he and his wife Margaret Stewart had founded in 1442 see Kilmun Church Their effigies can still be seen in a niche with a wide cusped arch 6 His first successor was Archibald Master of Campbell also known as Archibald Roy of Kilbride since he was born in Kilbride two miles from Inverary Archibald Roy of Kilbride was the 14th Campbell the Sixth McCailen More and 16th Knight of Lochow 7 His second son by his wife Margaret Colin was the founder of the Campbell of Breadalbane line Earl of Breadalbane and Holland His other sons by his second marriage Archibald Duncan and Neil created the Campbell septs of Otter Auchinbreck and Ormidale respectively 8 His grandson Colin son of Archibald Gillespic d 1440 his only child by his first wife succeeded him as Chief of the Clan Campbell 9 Notes edit Ancestral File FamilySearch Retrieved 7 February 2014 Balfour Paul Sir James The Scots Peerage Edinburgh 1904 vol 1 pp 328 330 Boardman The Campbells pp 72 72 102 amp 104 Paul The Scots Peerage Vol I p 330 Boardman The Campbells pp 104 amp 109 110 Boardman The Campbells p 291 William Douglas heir of the Lord of Dalkeith was also assessed as liable for 1500 merks See also Paul The Scots Peerage vol I p 330 where the amount is described as Duncan s income The value of 1500 Scots merks in English Pounds sterling in then current gold coin was some 750 English merks or 500 pounds sterling The Scots demy 108 pence Scots money was considered to be of equal value to the English half noble 54 pence English money Grueber Handbook p 171 Kilmun St Munn s Parish Church Church of Scotland Including Argyll and Douglas Mausolea Associated Buildings and Graveyard Historic Environment Scotland Retrieved 22 August 2016 The House of Argyll and the Collateral Branches of the Clan Campbell p 32 Paul James Balfour 1904 The Scots Peerage Edinburgh Douglas p 1 331 32 Retrieved 22 August 2016 Paul The Scots Peerage p 1 332 References editBoardman Stephen 2000 The Tale of Leper John and the Campbell Acquisition of Lorn in Cowan E J McDonald R Andrew eds Alba Celtic Scotland in the Medieval Era East Linton Tuckwell ISBN 1 86232 151 5 Boardman Stephen 2006 The Campbells 1250 1513 Edinburgh John Donald ISBN 0 85976 662 4 Grueber Herbert Appold 1899 Handbook of the Coins of Great Britain and Ireland in the British Museum London The British Museum Paul Sir James Balfour 1904 The Scots Peerage vol 1 Edinburgh David Douglas Peerage of ScotlandNew creation Lord Campbell1445 1453 Succeeded byColin Campbell Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Duncan Campbell 1st Lord Campbell amp oldid 1158140734, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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