For the county of the Republic of Albania, see Durrës County.
Drač County (Serbian: Драчки округ/Drački okrug) was one of the counties of the Kingdom of Serbia established on 29 November 1912 on the part of the territory of Albania taken from the Ottoman Empire during the First Balkan War. Drač County had four districts (Serbian: срез/Srez): Drač (Durrës), Lješ (Lezhë), Elbasan and Tirana.[1][2] The army of the Kingdom of Serbia retreated from Durrës in April 1913.
Territorial expansion of the Kingdom of Serbia in 1913.
The Royal Serbian Army captured city of Durazzo (Albanian: Durrës) on 29 November 1912 without facing opposition.[3]Orthodox Christian metropolitan of Durrës Jakob gave a particularly warm welcome to the new authorities. He also secured friendly relations with the Serbian authorities in the region. As such he successfully intervened to them and several Albanian guerrilla units were saved and avoided execution.[3]
The Kingdom of Serbia established district offices and appointed the governor of the county, mayor of the city, and commander of the military garrison.[4] The first military governor of the city of Durrës, captain Branislav Milosavljević (commander of vanguard of Šumadijan unit), appointed the first city council which included Petar Djurasković (chairman), Hristo Spiro, Mehmed Efendi and others.[5]
Ivan Ivanić, the first governor of Durrës County
The first governor of Drač County was Ivan Ivanić, a Serbian diplomat. His wife Delfa, one of the founders of the Circle of Serbian Sisters, chaired the city hospital.[6][7] The first mayor of Durrës was Petar Đurašković, a member of a family from this city, while members of the city council were Hristos Spiro, Imam Husein Efendi and Filip Serić.[8] When the army of Kingdom of Serbia occupied Albania in 1912, Dragutin Anastasijević was engaged as a translator for the Greek language and, after a while, he was appointed as governor of Drač County[9] instead of Ivan Ivanić.
Serbia's most important goal of the Balkan Wars was access to the open sea.[10]
During occupation, the Serbian army killed and brutalized numerous Albanian civilians. Reported by impartial observers were instances of mass murder of Muslim and even Christian civilians.[11] Many of the victims were woman, children, and the elderly.[12] Beatings of Albanian civilians and looting were also commonplace.[13][12]
Locals were also subjected to forced mass conversions to Orthodox Christianity. Catholic Albanians would regularly be imprisoned without trial.[14] There were also multiple instances of razing and plundering of civilian areas.[15] Other atrocities took place outside of Drač, including areas in Kosovo and Macedonia, which saw greater violence.[12]
Disestablishmentedit
Front page of Politika of November 29, 1912 with information about establishing of Durrës County
The army of the Kingdom of Serbia retreated from Durrës in April 1913 under pressure of the naval fleet of Great Powers, but it remained in other parts of Albania for the next two months.[16]
Referencesedit
^Bogdanović, Dimitrije; Radovan Samardžić (1990). Knjiga o Kosovu: razgovori o Kosovu. Književne novine. p. 208. ISBN9788639101947. Retrieved August 2, 2011. На освојеном подручју су одмах успостављене грађанске власти и албанска територија је Де Факто анектирана Србији : 29. новембра је основан драчки округ са четири среза (Драч, Љеш, Елбасан, Тирана)....On conquered territory of Albania was established civil government and territory of Albania was de facto annexed by Serbia: On November 29 was established Durres County with four srez (Durres, Lezha, Elbasan, and Tirana)
^Petrović, Dragoljub S. (1990). "Heterogenost stanovništva determinanta složenosti rešenja političkog statusa albanskog prostora (Heterogeneity of the population as determinant of the complexity of solving the political status of the Albania)" (in Serbian). pp. 237–271. OCLC 439985244. Potom, 29. novembra 1912. formiran je Drački okrug u okviru kojeg su srezovi - Drač, Tirana, Elbasan i Lješ. ... On November 29, 1912 the Durres County was established and in it there were established the following districts - Durres, Tirana, Elbasan and Lezhe
^ abPetros-Emmanouil, Oikonomopoulos; Πέτρος-Εμμανουήλ, Οικονομόπουλος (2016). Ο Μητροπολίτης Μυτιλήνης Ιάκωβος ο από Δυρραχίου: από την Εθναρχούσα Εκκλησία στην Εθνική (Thesis) (in Greek). Αριστοτέλειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θεσσαλονίκης (ΑΠΘ). Σχολή Θεολογική. Τμήμα Θεολογίας. Τομέας Εκκλησιαστικής Ιστορίας, Χριστιανικής Γραμματείας Αρχαιολογίας και Τέχνης. p. 80. hdl:10442/hedi/42197. "Ο στρατός του Βασιλείου της Σερβίας κατέλαβε το Δυρράχιο στις 19 Νοεμβρίου 1912 χωρίς αντίσταση." The army of the Kingdom of Serbia captured Durrës at November 29, 1912, without resistance.
^Popović, Bogdan; Jovan Skerlić (1924). Srpski književni glasnik, Volume 11. p. 275. Retrieved August 6, 2011. 16. novembra odred je stigao u Drač gde je oduševljeno dočekan od hrišćanskog stanovništva. Odmah su postavljene naše policijske vlasti (načelstvo okruga dračkog, upravnik varoši, predsednik opštine i načelnik vojne stanice) i potom je bilo preduzeto utvrđivanje Drača... [transl.: 'On November 16 (i.e. Gregorian November 29) the army units arrived in Durrës, where they were welcomed warmly by the Christian population. They immediately began to organize our police authorities (the county of Durrës, a city major, a president of the town and commander of the military station) and then set up further fortification of Durrës.']
^Antić, Čedomir (January 2, 2010). "Kratko slavlje u Draču" [Short celebration in Durres]. Večernje novosti (in Serbian). Retrieved August 5, 2011. U Drač je ubrzo doputovao prvi načelnik okruga – Ivan Ivanić. Njegova supruga Delfa, jedna od utemeljiteljki Kola srpskih sestara, vodila je bolnicu u Draču. ...The first governor of the county soon came to Durrës – Ivan Ivanić. His wife Delfa, one of the founders of the Circle of Serbian Sisters (Serbian: Коло Српских Сестара), governed the hospital in Durrës.
^Stojančević, Vladimir (1991). Prvi balkanski rat: okrugli sto povodom 75. godišnjice 1912–1987, 28. i 29. oktobar 1987, Volume 19. Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti. p. 134. ISBN9788670251427. Retrieved August 7, 2011. Када јој је муж Иван Иванић, као окружни начелник, премештен у Драч, тамо прелази и она. Тако сазнајемо да је у Драчу било 12 болница и да су се сви болесници хранили „из опште кујне"
^Dinić, Dragoljub M. (1922). "Prvi put kroz Albaniju sa Šumadijskim albanskim odredom 1912 : Prizren—Drač (First time with Šumadija-Albania division in 1912: Prizen – Durrës" (in Serbo-Croatian). Kragujevac: Šumadija. OCLC 555240022. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^Zbornik Matice srpske za književnost i jezik, Књига 36. Novi Sad, Serbia: Matica srpska. 1988. p. 227. Retrieved August 6, 2011. a kada je srpska vojska okupirala Albaniju, Anastasijević je isprva bio postavljen za tumača za Grčki jezik, a posle je postao i načelnik Dračkog okruga
^Treadway, John D. (1998). The Falcon and the Eagle: Montenegro and Austria-Hungary, 1908-1914. Purdue University Press. p. 162. ISBN9781557531469.
^ abcLeo Freundlich: Albania's Golgotha 31 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine
^Udovicki, Jasminka; Ridgeway, James (2000). Burn This House: The Making and Unmaking of Yugoslavia. Duke University Press. p. 30. ISBN978-0-8223-8091-7. Retrieved January 1, 2020.
^Archbishop Lazër Mjeda: Report on the Serb Invasion of Kosova and Macedonia 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine
^Antić 2010: VeĆ u aprilu 1913. postalo je izvesno da je kraj "albanske operacije" blizu. Pod pritiskom flote velikih sila srpska vojska je napustila jadransko primorje. U Albaniji je, međutim, ostala još dva meseca... In April 1913 it was obvious that end of "Albanian operation" was close and army of Serbia retreated from Adriatic coast remaining in Albania for two more months.
December 02, 2023
drač, county, county, republic, albania, durrës, county, serbian, Драчки, округ, drački, okrug, counties, kingdom, serbia, established, november, 1912, part, territory, albania, taken, from, ottoman, empire, during, first, balkan, four, districts, serbian, сре. For the county of the Republic of Albania see Durres County Drac County Serbian Drachki okrug Dracki okrug was one of the counties of the Kingdom of Serbia established on 29 November 1912 on the part of the territory of Albania taken from the Ottoman Empire during the First Balkan War Drac County had four districts Serbian srez Srez Drac Durres Ljes Lezhe Elbasan and Tirana 1 2 The army of the Kingdom of Serbia retreated from Durres in April 1913 Drac CountyDrachki okrugcounty of Kingdom of Serbia1912 1913Coat of armsCapitalDrac Durres HistoryHistory First Balkan War29 November 1912 DisestablishedApril 1913Preceded by Succeeded byOttoman Empire Independent AlbaniaToday part ofAlbania Contents 1 Establishment 2 Persecution of Locals 3 Disestablishment 4 ReferencesEstablishment edit nbsp Territorial expansion of the Kingdom of Serbia in 1913 The Royal Serbian Army captured city of Durazzo Albanian Durres on 29 November 1912 without facing opposition 3 Orthodox Christian metropolitan of Durres Jakob gave a particularly warm welcome to the new authorities He also secured friendly relations with the Serbian authorities in the region As such he successfully intervened to them and several Albanian guerrilla units were saved and avoided execution 3 The Kingdom of Serbia established district offices and appointed the governor of the county mayor of the city and commander of the military garrison 4 The first military governor of the city of Durres captain Branislav Milosavljevic commander of vanguard of Sumadijan unit appointed the first city council which included Petar Djuraskovic chairman Hristo Spiro Mehmed Efendi and others 5 nbsp Ivan Ivanic the first governor of Durres CountyThe first governor of Drac County was Ivan Ivanic a Serbian diplomat His wife Delfa one of the founders of the Circle of Serbian Sisters chaired the city hospital 6 7 The first mayor of Durres was Petar Đuraskovic a member of a family from this city while members of the city council were Hristos Spiro Imam Husein Efendi and Filip Seric 8 When the army of Kingdom of Serbia occupied Albania in 1912 Dragutin Anastasijevic was engaged as a translator for the Greek language and after a while he was appointed as governor of Drac County 9 instead of Ivan Ivanic Serbia s most important goal of the Balkan Wars was access to the open sea 10 Persecution of Locals editMain article Massacres of Albanians in the Balkan Wars Scutari During occupation the Serbian army killed and brutalized numerous Albanian civilians Reported by impartial observers were instances of mass murder of Muslim and even Christian civilians 11 Many of the victims were woman children and the elderly 12 Beatings of Albanian civilians and looting were also commonplace 13 12 Locals were also subjected to forced mass conversions to Orthodox Christianity Catholic Albanians would regularly be imprisoned without trial 14 There were also multiple instances of razing and plundering of civilian areas 15 Other atrocities took place outside of Drac including areas in Kosovo and Macedonia which saw greater violence 12 Disestablishment edit nbsp Front page of Politika of November 29 1912 with information about establishing of Durres CountyThe army of the Kingdom of Serbia retreated from Durres in April 1913 under pressure of the naval fleet of Great Powers but it remained in other parts of Albania for the next two months 16 References edit Bogdanovic Dimitrije Radovan Samardzic 1990 Knjiga o Kosovu razgovori o Kosovu Knjizevne novine p 208 ISBN 9788639101947 Retrieved August 2 2011 Na osvoјenom podruchјu su odmah uspostavљene graђanske vlasti i albanska teritoriјa јe De Fakto anektirana Srbiјi 29 novembra јe osnovan drachki okrug sa chetiri sreza Drach Љesh Elbasan Tirana On conquered territory of Albania was established civil government and territory of Albania was de facto annexed by Serbia On November 29 was established Durres County with four srez Durres Lezha Elbasan and Tirana Petrovic Dragoljub S 1990 Heterogenost stanovnistva determinanta slozenosti resenja politickog statusa albanskog prostora Heterogeneity of the population as determinant of the complexity of solving the political status of the Albania in Serbian pp 237 271 OCLC 439985244 Potom 29 novembra 1912 formiran je Dracki okrug u okviru kojeg su srezovi Drac Tirana Elbasan i Ljes On November 29 1912 the Durres County was established and in it there were established the following districts Durres Tirana Elbasan and Lezhe a b Petros Emmanouil Oikonomopoulos Petros Emmanoyhl Oikonomopoylos 2016 O Mhtropoliths Mytilhnhs Iakwbos o apo Dyrraxioy apo thn E8narxoysa Ekklhsia sthn E8nikh Thesis in Greek Aristoteleio Panepisthmio 8essalonikhs AP8 Sxolh 8eologikh Tmhma 8eologias Tomeas Ekklhsiastikhs Istorias Xristianikhs Grammateias Arxaiologias kai Texnhs p 80 hdl 10442 hedi 42197 O stratos toy Basileioy ths Serbias katelabe to Dyrraxio stis 19 Noembrioy 1912 xwris antistash The army of the Kingdom of Serbia captured Durres at November 29 1912 without resistance Popovic Bogdan Jovan Skerlic 1924 Srpski knjizevni glasnik Volume 11 p 275 Retrieved August 6 2011 16 novembra odred je stigao u Drac gde je odusevljeno docekan od hriscanskog stanovnistva Odmah su postavljene nase policijske vlasti nacelstvo okruga drackog upravnik varosi predsednik opstine i nacelnik vojne stanice i potom je bilo preduzeto utvrđivanje Draca transl On November 16 i e Gregorian November 29 the army units arrived in Durres where they were welcomed warmly by the Christian population They immediately began to organize our police authorities the county of Durres a city major a president of the town and commander of the military station and then set up further fortification of Durres See Balkanski rat 30 June 1913 346 Antic Cedomir January 2 2010 Kratko slavlje u Dracu Short celebration in Durres Vecernje novosti in Serbian Retrieved August 5 2011 U Drac je ubrzo doputovao prvi nacelnik okruga Ivan Ivanic Njegova supruga Delfa jedna od utemeljiteljki Kola srpskih sestara vodila je bolnicu u Dracu The first governor of the county soon came to Durres Ivan Ivanic His wife Delfa one of the founders of the Circle of Serbian Sisters Serbian Kolo Srpskih Sestara governed the hospital in Durres Stojancevic Vladimir 1991 Prvi balkanski rat okrugli sto povodom 75 godisnjice 1912 1987 28 i 29 oktobar 1987 Volume 19 Srpska akademija nauka i umetnosti p 134 ISBN 9788670251427 Retrieved August 7 2011 Kada јoј јe muzh Ivan Ivaniћ kao okruzhni nachelnik premeshten u Drach tamo prelazi i ona Tako saznaјemo da јe u Drachu bilo 12 bolnica i da su se svi bolesnici hranili iz opshte kuјne Dinic Dragoljub M 1922 Prvi put kroz Albaniju sa Sumadijskim albanskim odredom 1912 Prizren Drac First time with Sumadija Albania division in 1912 Prizen Durres in Serbo Croatian Kragujevac Sumadija OCLC 555240022 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Zbornik Matice srpske za knjizevnost i jezik Kњiga 36 Novi Sad Serbia Matica srpska 1988 p 227 Retrieved August 6 2011 a kada je srpska vojska okupirala Albaniju Anastasijevic je isprva bio postavljen za tumaca za Grcki jezik a posle je postao i nacelnik Drackog okruga Antic 2010 Treadway John D 1998 The Falcon and the Eagle Montenegro and Austria Hungary 1908 1914 Purdue University Press p 162 ISBN 9781557531469 a b c Leo Freundlich Albania s Golgotha Archived 31 May 2012 at the Wayback Machine Udovicki Jasminka Ridgeway James 2000 Burn This House The Making and Unmaking of Yugoslavia Duke University Press p 30 ISBN 978 0 8223 8091 7 Retrieved January 1 2020 Archbishop Lazer Mjeda Report on the Serb Invasion of Kosova and Macedonia Archived 3 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine Westfalischer Merkur Montag 22 09 1913 Deutsches Zeitungsportal www deutsche digitale bibliothek de 1913 Antic 2010 VeC u aprilu 1913 postalo je izvesno da je kraj albanske operacije blizu Pod pritiskom flote velikih sila srpska vojska je napustila jadransko primorje U Albaniji je međutim ostala jos dva meseca In April 1913 it was obvious that end of Albanian operation was close and army of Serbia retreated from Adriatic coast remaining in Albania for two more months Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Drac County amp oldid 1184976856, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
