Dorogobuzh
Dorogobuzh (Russian: Дорогобуж) is a historic town and the administrative center of Dorogobuzhsky District in Smolensk Oblast, Russia, straddling the Dnieper River and located 125 kilometers (78 mi) east of Smolensk, the administrative center of the oblast. Population: 10,720 (2010 Russian census);[2] 12,250 (2002 Census);[8] 12,254 (1989 Soviet census).[9]
Dorogobuzh Дорогобуж | |
|---|---|
View of Dorogobuzh. The Dnieper River can be seen in the background. | |
| Flag Coat of arms | |
Dorogobuzh Location of Dorogobuzh Dorogobuzh Dorogobuzh (Smolensk Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 54°55′N 33°18′E / 54.917°N 33.300°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Smolensk Oblast[1] |
| Administrative district | Dorogobuzhsky District[1] |
| Urban settlement | Dorogobuzhskoye[1] |
| First mentioned | 1150 |
| Area | |
| • Total | 35.15 km2 (13.57 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 210 m (690 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 10,720 |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 9,793 (−8.6%) |
| • Density | 300/km2 (790/sq mi) |
| • Capital of | Dorogobuzhsky District,[1] Dorogobuzhskoye Urban Settlement[1] |
| • Municipal district | Dorogobuzhsky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Dorogobuzhskoye Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Dorogobuzhsky Municipal District,[4] Dorogobuzhskoye Urban Settlement[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK [6]) |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 215710, 215713 |
| OKTMO ID | 66614101001 |
| Website | |
History edit
First mentioned in 1150, it was established as a fortress defending eastern approaches to Smolensk.[citation needed] It was located in the Principality of Smolensk, which in 1404 became part of Lithuania.[10] It passed to the Grand Duchy of Moscow after the Battle of Vedrosha in 1500.[10] In 1508, Vasily III sent Italian masters to build a wooden fort there.
During the Time of Troubles, Dorogobuzh passed between Lithuania and various Muscovite factions several times,[10] and was ravaged, with its population reduced to ten people in 1614. It was captured by Russia in 1613, and then re-captured by Polish Prince Władysław IV Vasa in 1617.[10] Within the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, it was part of the Smolensk Voivodeship. During the Smolensk War, in 1632, it was besieged and captured by Russia, however, it was restored to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by the Treaty of Polyanovka in 1634.[10] In 1667, it passed to Russia.[10]
During the Napoleonic Wars, it was captured by French troops in August 1812, and re-captured by Russia in October 1812.[10] In the late 19th century, the town held an annual fair for grain, horses and cattle.[10]
Dorogobuzh was occupied by the German Army during World War II first from October 5, 1941 to February 15, 1942 (when it was liberated by three partisan detachments and some Soviet troops), then again from June 7, 1942 to September 1, 1943. From 1941 to 1943, the Germans operated a forced labour camp in the town,[11] and in April-May 1942 also the Dulag 184 prisoner-of-war camp.[12]
Administrative and municipal status edit
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Dorogobuzh serves as the administrative center of Dorogobuzhsky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is incorporated within Dorogobuzhsky District as Dorogobuzhskoye Urban Settlement.[1] As a municipal division, this administrative unit also has urban settlement status and is a part of Dorogobuzhsky Municipal District.[4]
Geography edit
Climate edit
Dorogobuzh has a warm-summer humid continental climate (Dfb in the Köppen climate classification).
| Climate data for Dorogobuzh | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −4.7 (23.5) | −3.9 (25.0) | 1.6 (34.9) | 10.7 (51.3) | 17.2 (63.0) | 20.3 (68.5) | 23 (73) | 21.4 (70.5) | 15.7 (60.3) | 8.4 (47.1) | 2.2 (36.0) | −1.9 (28.6) | 9.2 (48.5) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −6.8 (19.8) | −6.4 (20.5) | −1.7 (28.9) | 6.3 (43.3) | 13 (55) | 16.5 (61.7) | 19.2 (66.6) | 17.6 (63.7) | 12.2 (54.0) | 5.8 (42.4) | 0.4 (32.7) | −3.7 (25.3) | 6.0 (42.8) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −9.2 (15.4) | −9.3 (15.3) | −5.4 (22.3) | 1.2 (34.2) | 7.7 (45.9) | 11.7 (53.1) | 14.6 (58.3) | 13.3 (55.9) | 8.4 (47.1) | 3.2 (37.8) | −1.5 (29.3) | −5.8 (21.6) | 2.4 (36.4) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 51 (2.0) | 45 (1.8) | 44 (1.7) | 45 (1.8) | 76 (3.0) | 83 (3.3) | 91 (3.6) | 80 (3.1) | 65 (2.6) | 69 (2.7) | 55 (2.2) | 50 (2.0) | 754 (29.8) |
| Source: https://en.climate-data.org/asia/russian-federation/smolensk-oblast/dorogobuzh-32859/ | |||||||||||||
References edit
Notes edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Resolution #261
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c d Law #107-z
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Федеральное агентство по технологическому регулированию и метрологии. №ОК 033-2013 1 января 2014 г. «Общероссийский классификатор территорий муниципальных образований. Код 66 614 101». (Federal State Statistics Service. Federal Agency on Technological Regulation and Metrology. #OK 033-2013 January 1, 2014 Russian Classification of Territories of Municipal Formations. Code 66 614 101. ).
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom II (in Polish). Warszawa. 1881. p. 123.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ "Zivilarbeitslager Dorogobuž". Bundesarchiv.de (in German). Retrieved October 29, 2022.
- ^ Megargee, Geoffrey P.; Overmans, Rüdiger; Vogt, Wolfgang (2022). The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume IV. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 102. ISBN 978-0-253-06089-1.
Sources edit
- Администрация Смоленской области. Постановление №261 от 30 апреля 2008 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Смоленской области», в ред. Постановления №464 от 27 июня 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в реестр административно-территориальных единиц и территориальных единиц Смоленской области». Опубликован: База данных "Консультант-плюс". (Administration of Smolensk Oblast. Resolution #261 of April 30, 2008 On the Adoption of the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast, as amended by the Resolution #464 of June 27, 2014 On Amending the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Units and Territorial Units of Smolensk Oblast. ).
- Смоленская областная Дума. Закон №107-з от 20 декабря 2004 г. «О наделении статусом муниципального района муниципального образования "Дорогобужский район" Смоленской области, об установлении границ муниципальных образований, территории которых входят в его состав, и наделении их соответствующим статусом», в ред. Закона №86-з от 31 октября 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в областной Закон "О наделении статусом муниципального района муниципального образования "Дорогобужский район" Смоленской области, об установлении границ муниципальных образований, территории которых входят в его состав, и наделении их соответствующим статусом"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Вестник Смоленской областной Думы и Администрации Смоленской области", №13, часть II, стр. 89, 22 декабря 2004 г. (Smolensk Oblast Duma. Law #107-z of December 20, 2004 On Granting the Status of the Municipal District to the Municipal Formation of "Dorogobuzhsky District" of Smolensk Oblast, on Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations the Territories of Which It Comprises, and on Granting Them Appropriate Status, as amended by the Law #86-z of October 31, 2011 On Amending the Oblast Law "On Granting the Status of the Municipal District to the Municipal Formation of "Dorogobuzhsky District" of Smolensk Oblast, on Establishing the Borders of the Municipal Formations the Territories of Which It Comprises, and on Granting Them Appropriate Status". Effective as of the official publication date.).
External links edit
- Media related to Dorogobuzh at Wikimedia Commons
- Official website of Dorogobuzh (in Russian)
- Dorogobuzh Business Directory (in Russian)
- Mojgorod.ru. Entry on Dorogobuzh (in Russian)