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Dokkum

January 19, 2024

Dokkum is a Dutch fortified city in the municipality of Noardeast-Fryslân in the province of Friesland. It has 12,669 inhabitants (February 8, 2020).[1] The fortifications of Dokkum are well preserved and are known as the bolwerken (bulwarks). It is the fifth most popular shopping city in Friesland. It also had the smallest hospital in the Netherlands.

Dokkum
City
Stadhuisⓘ, the city hall
Flag
Coat of arms
Dokkum
Coordinates: 53°19′37″N 5°59′53″E / 53.32694°N 5.99806°E / 53.32694; 5.99806
CountryNetherlands
ProvinceFriesland
MunicipalityNoardeast-Fryslân
Government
 • MayorJohannes Kramer (FNP)
Population
 • Total12,669
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postcode
9100–9103
Area code0519
Topographic map of Dokkum, June 2014
Historical population 1718–2018

History

The best-known event in Dokkum's history is the martyrdom of the Anglo-Saxon missionary Saint Boniface in 754. Oliver of Cologne preached the Fifth Crusade in Dokkum in 1214 and Dokkum sent a contingent; the crescent in the coat of arms of Dokkum refers to this event. Dokkum acquired city rights in 1298. In 1572 Dokkum was sacked by the Spaniards after it had joined the Dutch Revolt. In 1597, the Admiralty of Friesland was established in Dokkum. However, it was moved to Harlingen in 1645. In 1971 the city was included in the list of Dutch 'Urban and village conservation areas'.[2]

In 1923, when Catholics in the Netherlands were not allowed to engage in public expressions of faith such as processions, a processional park was built south-east of the city center, the Boniface park.[3] Central in the park is the so-called Brouwersbron, the brewers' well, which Titus Brandsma and others (incorrectly) identified as the well that sprang up after the saint's martyrdom. A chapel dedicated to Boniface was built in 1934. Brandsma, a Carmelite priest who was murdered by the Nazis in Dachau in 1942, also designed the park's Stations of the Cross, which were finished in 1949.[4]

Before 2019, the city was part of the Dongeradeel municipality.

Architecture

City hall

The city hall in Dokkum was built in 1610.

Churches

  • Grote of Sint-Martinuskerk which is from the 16th century.
  • Sint-Bonifatiuskerk from 1871.
  • Bonifatiuskapel is from 1934

Transport

Dokkum had a station (Dokkum-Aalsum) on the North Friesland Railway, which opened in 1901. It became the terminus for passenger services in May 1935 and closed to passengers in July 1936. The station reopened to passengers in May 1940 and closed to passengers in July 1942. Freight services ceased in 1975. There is still a bus station in Dokkum.

Urban development

The latest neighbourhood is called the 'Trije Terpen'. At the Trije Terpen is also the newest shopping area of Dokkum called, Zuiderschans. Other construction works in other parts of the city are also taking place, such as the Lyceumpark, the Fonteinslanden, the Veiling and the Hogedijken.

In the future the industrial park, Betterwird, will expand even more to the west. It's an industrial park with more than 70 companies. In 2013, the construction of the Central Axis began. This is a road with a fast connection and few obstacles between Dokkum and Drachten. The road was delivered in 2016.

Population

The population of Dokkum increased by 5,378 people between 1960 and 2013. In recent years, the population has fluctuated around 12,500 inhabitants.

Population
YearPop.±% p.a.
15111,400—    
16893,177+0.46%
17442,855−0.19%
17952,682−0.12%
19607,247+0.60%
19658,440+3.09%
19709,886+3.21%
197510,927+2.02%
198011,704+1.38%
199512,510+0.44%
200012,800+0.46%
201012,490−0.24%
201412,615+0.25%
201512,583−0.25%
201612,516−0.53%
201712,575+0.47%
Source: Lourens & Lucassen 1997, pp. 11–12 (1511–1795), CBS Statline

Sport

In the 200 km ice skating marathon known as the Elfstedentocht, Dokkum is known as the keerpunt (turning-point in Dutch), because it is where the speedskaters turn and head back to Leeuwarden. There are two different soccer clubs in Dokkum, VV Dokkum and Be Quick Dokkum.

Windmills

In 1652, Dokkum had five windmills, these were all post mills.[5] Dokkum has two windmills, cap mills, that are preserved and both of them are open to the public by appointment.[6][7] They are named Zeldenrust and De Hoop. A third mill, De Marmeerin stood by the Woudvaart outside the town. Since 2014 the mill was moved to be restored to working order. After restoration it is to be rebuilt at De sûkerei open-air museum in Damwâld.[8]

  •  
    Zeldenrust
  •  
    De Hoop
  •  
    Zeldenrust
  •  
    house next to mill Zeldenrust

Gallery

  •  
    Inner harbour
  •  
    View to a street
  •  
    City's center around De Zijl, Dokkumer Grootdiep flowing underneath
  •  
    Old townhouse in the city centre
  •  
    Statue of Saint Boniface near Saint Boniface Chapel
  •  
    Numerous footbridges in the centre
  •  
    Wharf of the former Frisian Admiralty
  •  
    Saint Boniface Church (1871) in the centre of Dokkum
  •  
    Grote of Sint-Martinus Church (Dokkum)

Notable Dokkumers

Dokkum was the residence for much of her career of the pioneering midwife Catharina Geertruida Schrader (1656–1746). Other famous Dokkumers include:

Mayors

See also

References

  1. ^ Aantal inwoners per woonplaats in Noardeast-Fryslân op 8 februari 2020 - Noardeast-Fryslân
  2. ^ Urban and village conservation areas Netherlands
  3. ^ Kruijtzer, Gijs (26 June 1997). "Vaderlands Toerisme". NRC Handelsblad (in Dutch).
  4. ^ Aaij, Michel (Spring 2003). "Continental Business: Boniface biographies". The Heroic Age. 6. Retrieved 20 May 2010.
  5. ^ Tonneel der Steden; Blaeu, 1652
  6. ^ "Dokkum, Friesland" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Molendatabase. Retrieved 2008-04-25.
  7. ^ "Dokkum, Friesland" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Molendatabase. Retrieved 2008-04-25.
  8. ^ "Dokkum, Friesland" (in Dutch). Nederlandse Molendatabase. Retrieved 2010-01-07.
  9. ^ "Drs. S. (Sybren) van Tuinen" (in Dutch). Retrieved May 14, 2019.

Literature

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dokkum.
  • Lourens, Piet; Lucassen, Jan (1997). Inwonertallen van Nederlandse steden ca. 1300–1800. Amsterdam: NEHA. ISBN 9057420082.

January 19, 2024
dokkum, dutch, fortified, city, municipality, noardeast, fryslân, province, friesland, inhabitants, february, 2020, fortifications, well, preserved, known, bolwerken, bulwarks, fifth, most, popular, shopping, city, friesland, also, smallest, hospital, netherla. Dokkum is a Dutch fortified city in the municipality of Noardeast Fryslan in the province of Friesland It has 12 669 inhabitants February 8 2020 1 The fortifications of Dokkum are well preserved and are known as the bolwerken bulwarks It is the fifth most popular shopping city in Friesland It also had the smallest hospital in the Netherlands DokkumCityStadhuis the city hallFlagCoat of armsDokkumCoordinates 53 19 37 N 5 59 53 E 53 32694 N 5 99806 E 53 32694 5 99806CountryNetherlandsProvinceFrieslandMunicipalityNoardeast FryslanGovernment MayorJohannes Kramer FNP Population Total12 669Time zoneUTC 1 CET Summer DST UTC 2 CEST Postcode9100 9103Area code0519Topographic map of Dokkum June 2014Historical population 1718 2018 Contents 1 History 2 Architecture 2 1 City hall 2 2 Churches 3 Transport 4 Urban development 4 1 Population 5 Sport 6 Windmills 7 Gallery 8 Notable Dokkumers 8 1 Mayors 9 See also 10 References 10 1 LiteratureHistoryThe best known event in Dokkum s history is the martyrdom of the Anglo Saxon missionary Saint Boniface in 754 Oliver of Cologne preached the Fifth Crusade in Dokkum in 1214 and Dokkum sent a contingent the crescent in the coat of arms of Dokkum refers to this event Dokkum acquired city rights in 1298 In 1572 Dokkum was sacked by the Spaniards after it had joined the Dutch Revolt In 1597 the Admiralty of Friesland was established in Dokkum However it was moved to Harlingen in 1645 In 1971 the city was included in the list of Dutch Urban and village conservation areas 2 In 1923 when Catholics in the Netherlands were not allowed to engage in public expressions of faith such as processions a processional park was built south east of the city center the Boniface park 3 Central in the park is the so called Brouwersbron the brewers well which Titus Brandsma and others incorrectly identified as the well that sprang up after the saint s martyrdom A chapel dedicated to Boniface was built in 1934 Brandsma a Carmelite priest who was murdered by the Nazis in Dachau in 1942 also designed the park s Stations of the Cross which were finished in 1949 4 Before 2019 the city was part of the Dongeradeel municipality ArchitectureCity hall The city hall in Dokkum was built in 1610 Churches Grote of Sint Martinuskerk which is from the 16th century Sint Bonifatiuskerk from 1871 Bonifatiuskapel is from 1934TransportDokkum had a station Dokkum Aalsum on the North Friesland Railway which opened in 1901 It became the terminus for passenger services in May 1935 and closed to passengers in July 1936 The station reopened to passengers in May 1940 and closed to passengers in July 1942 Freight services ceased in 1975 There is still a bus station in Dokkum Urban developmentThe latest neighbourhood is called the Trije Terpen At the Trije Terpen is also the newest shopping area of Dokkum called Zuiderschans Other construction works in other parts of the city are also taking place such as the Lyceumpark the Fonteinslanden the Veiling and the Hogedijken In the future the industrial park Betterwird will expand even more to the west It s an industrial park with more than 70 companies In 2013 the construction of the Central Axis began This is a road with a fast connection and few obstacles between Dokkum and Drachten The road was delivered in 2016 Population The population of Dokkum increased by 5 378 people between 1960 and 2013 In recent years the population has fluctuated around 12 500 inhabitants PopulationYearPop p a 15111 400 16893 177 0 46 17442 855 0 19 17952 682 0 12 19607 247 0 60 19658 440 3 09 19709 886 3 21 197510 927 2 02 198011 704 1 38 199512 510 0 44 200012 800 0 46 201012 490 0 24 201412 615 0 25 201512 583 0 25 201612 516 0 53 201712 575 0 47 Source Lourens amp Lucassen 1997 pp 11 12 1511 1795 CBS StatlineSportIn the 200 km ice skating marathon known as the Elfstedentocht Dokkum is known as the keerpunt turning point in Dutch because it is where the speedskaters turn and head back to Leeuwarden There are two different soccer clubs in Dokkum VV Dokkum and Be Quick Dokkum WindmillsIn 1652 Dokkum had five windmills these were all post mills 5 Dokkum has two windmills cap mills that are preserved and both of them are open to the public by appointment 6 7 They are named Zeldenrust and De Hoop A third mill De Marmeerin stood by the Woudvaart outside the town Since 2014 the mill was moved to be restored to working order After restoration it is to be rebuilt at De sukerei open air museum in Damwald 8 nbsp Zeldenrust nbsp De Hoop nbsp Zeldenrust nbsp house next to mill ZeldenrustGallery nbsp Inner harbour nbsp View to a street nbsp City s center around De Zijl Dokkumer Grootdiep flowing underneath nbsp Old townhouse in the city centre nbsp Statue of Saint Boniface near Saint Boniface Chapel nbsp Numerous footbridges in the centre nbsp Wharf of the former Frisian Admiralty nbsp Saint Boniface Church 1871 in the centre of Dokkum nbsp Grote of Sint Martinus Church Dokkum Notable DokkumersDokkum was the residence for much of her career of the pioneering midwife Catharina Geertruida Schrader 1656 1746 Other famous Dokkumers include Gemma Frisius 1508 1555 scientist Lieuwe van Aitzema 1600 1669 prominent diplomat and historian Ulrik Huber 1636 1694 lawyer Rein Jan Hoekstra 1941 lawyer member of the Council of State of the Netherlands Jan Posthuma 1963 1996 volleyball Olympic gold medalist Sipke Jan Bousema 1976 TV presenter Theo Pijper 1980 international speedway rider Saint Boniface 672 754 Exeter Dokkum Dirk Rafaelsz Camphuysen 1586 1627 Gorinchem Dokkum Catharina Geertruida Schrader 1656 1746 Bentheim Dokkum Focko Ukena 1370 1435 East Frisian chieftain hoveling conquered DokkumMayors Albert Jonker 1878 1954 Sybren van Tuinen 1913 1993 9 See alsoZuider EeReferences Aantal inwoners per woonplaats in Noardeast Fryslan op 8 februari 2020 Noardeast Fryslan Urban and village conservation areas Netherlands Kruijtzer Gijs 26 June 1997 Vaderlands Toerisme NRC Handelsblad in Dutch Aaij Michel Spring 2003 Continental Business Boniface biographies The Heroic Age 6 Retrieved 20 May 2010 Tonneel der Steden Blaeu 1652 Dokkum Friesland in Dutch Nederlandse Molendatabase Retrieved 2008 04 25 Dokkum Friesland in Dutch Nederlandse Molendatabase Retrieved 2008 04 25 Dokkum Friesland in Dutch Nederlandse Molendatabase Retrieved 2010 01 07 Drs S Sybren van Tuinen in Dutch Retrieved May 14 2019 Literature nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dokkum Lourens Piet Lucassen Jan 1997 Inwonertallen van Nederlandse steden ca 1300 1800 Amsterdam NEHA ISBN 9057420082 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dokkum amp oldid 1196227959, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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