In the United States, the DNP is one of three doctorate degrees in nursing, the other two being the research degreePhD and the Doctor of Nursing Science.[1] The DNP program may include clinical/residency hours, in some cases as many as 500 hours,[citation needed] as well as a final project which is usually a clinical practice research project which is often implemented through direct clinical nursing care.[clarification needed]
International Perspective
Internationally, since the 1990s, there have been a number of doctorate level degrees available for nurses, including Doctor of Professional Studies (DProf), PhDs and others. All such doctoral nursing degrees outside of North America usually include mandatory research elements and take longer than a single year to complete.[citation needed] The DNP is also unique in that it is significantly shorter at one years duration than a standard doctoral degree anywhere in the world (e.g. 3-5 years in Europe or 4-6 years in the USA).[2][3] In areas of the world other than North America, nurses complete standard doctoral degrees of the same length as other healthcare professions, academics and researchers. There is no short course doctorate equivalent to the DNP in Europe or elsewhere in the world.
The curriculum for the United States DNP degree builds on work completed during previous master's level courses. It provides education in evidence-based practice, quality improvement, and systems leadership, and is typically more clinically oriented than a PhD.[4] Although approximately 52% of nurse anesthetist programs will award the DNP, the remaining 48% may use the title doctor of nurse anesthesia practice (DNAP).[citation needed]
Rationale for the existence of the DNPedit
According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN), transitioning advance practice registered nursing programs from the graduate level to the doctoral level is a "...response to changes in health care delivery and emerging health care needs, additional knowledge or content areas have been identified by practicing nurses. In addition, the knowledge required to provide leadership in the discipline of nursing is so complex and rapidly changing that additional or doctoral level education is needed."[5] According to the AACN, "...benefits of practice-focused doctoral programs include:
development of needed advanced competencies for increasingly complex clinical, faculty and leadership roles;
enhanced knowledge to improve nursing practice and patient outcomes;
enhanced leadership skills to strengthen practice and health care delivery;
better match of program requirements and credits and time with the credential earned;
provision of an advanced educational credential for those who require advanced practice knowledge but do not need or want a strong research focus (e.g. clinical faculty);
enhanced ability to attract individuals to nursing from non-nursing backgrounds;
increased supply of faculty for clinical instruction; and
In the United States, the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) recommended that all entry-level nurse practitioner educational programs be transitioned from the Master of Science in Nursing (MSN) degree to the DNP degree.[6] The American Association of Nurse Anesthetists has followed suit, requiring the DNP (or DNAP - Doctor of Nurse Anesthesia Practice) degree for entry-level nurse anesthetist programs by the year 2025.[7] Meanwhile, the National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists (NACNS) announced in July 2015 its endorsement of the doctor of nursing practice (DNP) as the required degree for CNS entry into practice by 2030.[citation needed] Nurse practitioners and nurse anesthetists currently practicing with either an MSN or certificate will not be required to obtain the DNP for continued practice.[citation needed]
Comparison to other doctoratesedit
Critics have described the development of DNP courses as "a major mistake for [the] profession of nursing as well as the discipline of nursing knowledge".[8] The required clinical practice hours to be accepted on a DNP course can be as little as zero hours.[9] In other cases where clinical hours are required to gain the DNP, these can include clinical hours undertaken as part of a prior degree.[10]
This places the DNP at odds with clinical doctorate degrees which require significant amounts of clinical practice hours. A doctorate in clinical psychology for example encompasses 1.5 years of clinical practice time[11] while a medical doctorate includes around 75 weeks of clinical practice[12] (with further instructional clinical hours required to gain specialty medical licenses).
When viewed as an academic doctorate (rather than a clinical doctorate), it has been argued that the DNP lacks academic credibility due to the fact that the schools awarding the qualification may be accepting nurses with little or no postgraduate experience, with course curricula requiring few academic credits compared to other doctorates (e.g. 35 compared to 65) and requiring only a small project, rather than the large piece of research required for a traditional PhD.[13][14] The DNP is also significantly shorter (1 year) than a standard doctoral degree (3-5 years in Europe).[2]
Title confusion in the clinical settingedit
Some critics have argued that there is scope for patients or service users to be confused about whether they are consulting a physician or a nurse if nurses use the title "doctor" in a clinical setting.[15][16] Lawsuits have also resulted from this confusion, where holders of the DNP have referred to themself with the title doctor in clinical settings.[17][18] In some US states, there is a legal basis limiting nurses using the title of doctor in clinical practice.[19] However, in other US states nurses are bringing their own legal arguments to facilitate their legal use of the title.[20]
^Reid Ponte, Patricia; Nicholas, Patrice K. (July 2015). "Addressing the Confusion Related to DNS, DNSc, and DSN Degrees, With Lessons for the Nursing Profession: DNS, DNSc, and DSN Degrees". Journal of Nursing Scholarship. 47 (4): 347–353. doi:10.1111/jnu.12148. PMID 26078101.
^ ab"Third-cycle (PhD) programmes". eurydice.eacea.ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
^"What is a Doctorate Degree? | How Long Does it Take? | Franklin.edu". www.franklin.edu. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
^"American Association of Colleges of Nursing | DNP Fact Sheet". aacn.nche.edu. Retrieved 19 September 2015.
^ abReport of the Task Force on the Clinical Doctorate
^American Association of Nurse Anesthetists (2007). AANA Position on Doctoral Preparation of Nurse Anesthetists. Available at (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 30 October 2007. Retrieved 20 April 2008.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
^Meleis, Afaf; Dracup, Kathleen (2005). "The Case Against the DNP: History, Timing, Substance, and Marginalization". Online Journal of Issues in Nursing. 10 (3): 3. doi:10.3912/ojin.vol10no03man02. PMID 16225383. S2CID 10883573. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
^Dobrowolska, Beata; Chruściel, Paweł; Pilewska-Kozak, Anna; Mianowana, Violetta; Monist, Marta; Palese, Alvisa (15 November 2021). "Doctoral programmes in the nursing discipline: a scoping review". BMC Nursing. 20 (1): 228. doi:10.1186/s12912-021-00753-6. ISSN 1472-6955. PMC8591938. PMID 34781935.
^"Course Descriptions | DNP". SC-UMT. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
^"ClinPsyD Doctorate in Clinical Psychology (2022 entry)". The University of Manchester. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
^Medicine, Trinity School of (19 February 2021). "4-Year MD Program Curriculum | Trinity School of Medicine". www.trinityschoolofmedicine.org. Retrieved 24 March 2022.
^"DNP-PhD Comparison | Duke University School of Nursing". nursing.duke.edu. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
^"Comparing the PhD & DNP". School of Nursing. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
^Gaddis, Gary (2022). "Nurses With a Doctorate in Nursing Practice (DNP) Should Not Call Themselves "Doctor" in a Clinical Setting". Missouri Medicine. 119 (4): 314–320. ISSN 0026-6620. PMC9462903. PMID 36118817.
^Miller, Jason E. (4 November 2008). "The Doctor of Nursing Practice: Recognizing a Need or Graying the Line Between Doctor and Nurse?". The Medscape Journal of Medicine. 10 (11): 253. ISSN 1934-1997. PMC2605113. PMID 19099003.
^"NP Fined $20K for Advertising Herself as 'Doctor Sarah'". Medscape. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
^JD, Ann W. Latner (6 June 2023). "DNP Sued for Referring to Herself as Doctor". Clinical Advisor. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
^FNP, Julee Waldrop, DNP, PNP (13 March 2013). "State medical boards trying to limit who can be called "Doctor"". Clinical Advisor. Retrieved 29 October 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^"Nurse Practitioners Sue The State Of California Over Right To Use 'Doctor' In Titles | NurseJournal". nursejournal.org. 8 September 2023. Retrieved 29 October 2023.
January 01, 1970
doctor, nursing, practice, examples, perspective, this, article, deal, primarily, with, united, states, represent, worldwide, view, subject, improve, this, article, discuss, issue, talk, page, create, article, appropriate, december, 2010, learn, when, remove, . The examples and perspective in this article deal primarily with the United States and do not represent a worldwide view of the subject You may improve this article discuss the issue on the talk page or create a new article as appropriate December 2010 Learn how and when to remove this message The Doctor of Nursing Practice DNP is a professional degree in nursing in the United States of America In the United States the DNP is one of three doctorate degrees in nursing the other two being the research degree PhD and the Doctor of Nursing Science 1 The DNP program may include clinical residency hours in some cases as many as 500 hours citation needed as well as a final project which is usually a clinical practice research project which is often implemented through direct clinical nursing care clarification needed International PerspectiveInternationally since the 1990s there have been a number of doctorate level degrees available for nurses including Doctor of Professional Studies DProf PhDs and others All such doctoral nursing degrees outside of North America usually include mandatory research elements and take longer than a single year to complete citation needed The DNP is also unique in that it is significantly shorter at one years duration than a standard doctoral degree anywhere in the world e g 3 5 years in Europe or 4 6 years in the USA 2 3 In areas of the world other than North America nurses complete standard doctoral degrees of the same length as other healthcare professions academics and researchers There is no short course doctorate equivalent to the DNP in Europe or elsewhere in the world Contents 1 DNP in North America 1 1 Rationale for the existence of the DNP 1 2 Transitioning toward the doctorate 2 Comparison to other doctorates 3 Title confusion in the clinical setting 4 See also 5 ReferencesDNP in North America editThe curriculum for the United States DNP degree builds on work completed during previous master s level courses It provides education in evidence based practice quality improvement and systems leadership and is typically more clinically oriented than a PhD 4 Although approximately 52 of nurse anesthetist programs will award the DNP the remaining 48 may use the title doctor of nurse anesthesia practice DNAP citation needed Rationale for the existence of the DNP edit According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing AACN transitioning advance practice registered nursing programs from the graduate level to the doctoral level is a response to changes in health care delivery and emerging health care needs additional knowledge or content areas have been identified by practicing nurses In addition the knowledge required to provide leadership in the discipline of nursing is so complex and rapidly changing that additional or doctoral level education is needed 5 According to the AACN benefits of practice focused doctoral programs include development of needed advanced competencies for increasingly complex clinical faculty and leadership roles enhanced knowledge to improve nursing practice and patient outcomes enhanced leadership skills to strengthen practice and health care delivery better match of program requirements and credits and time with the credential earned provision of an advanced educational credential for those who require advanced practice knowledge but do not need or want a strong research focus e g clinical faculty enhanced ability to attract individuals to nursing from non nursing backgrounds increased supply of faculty for clinical instruction and improved image of nursing 5 Transitioning toward the doctorate edit In the United States the American Association of Colleges of Nursing AACN recommended that all entry level nurse practitioner educational programs be transitioned from the Master of Science in Nursing MSN degree to the DNP degree 6 The American Association of Nurse Anesthetists has followed suit requiring the DNP or DNAP Doctor of Nurse Anesthesia Practice degree for entry level nurse anesthetist programs by the year 2025 7 Meanwhile the National Association of Clinical Nurse Specialists NACNS announced in July 2015 its endorsement of the doctor of nursing practice DNP as the required degree for CNS entry into practice by 2030 citation needed Nurse practitioners and nurse anesthetists currently practicing with either an MSN or certificate will not be required to obtain the DNP for continued practice citation needed Comparison to other doctorates editCritics have described the development of DNP courses as a major mistake for the profession of nursing as well as the discipline of nursing knowledge 8 The required clinical practice hours to be accepted on a DNP course can be as little as zero hours 9 In other cases where clinical hours are required to gain the DNP these can include clinical hours undertaken as part of a prior degree 10 This places the DNP at odds with clinical doctorate degrees which require significant amounts of clinical practice hours A doctorate in clinical psychology for example encompasses 1 5 years of clinical practice time 11 while a medical doctorate includes around 75 weeks of clinical practice 12 with further instructional clinical hours required to gain specialty medical licenses When viewed as an academic doctorate rather than a clinical doctorate it has been argued that the DNP lacks academic credibility due to the fact that the schools awarding the qualification may be accepting nurses with little or no postgraduate experience with course curricula requiring few academic credits compared to other doctorates e g 35 compared to 65 and requiring only a small project rather than the large piece of research required for a traditional PhD 13 14 The DNP is also significantly shorter 1 year than a standard doctoral degree 3 5 years in Europe 2 Title confusion in the clinical setting editSome critics have argued that there is scope for patients or service users to be confused about whether they are consulting a physician or a nurse if nurses use the title doctor in a clinical setting 15 16 Lawsuits have also resulted from this confusion where holders of the DNP have referred to themself with the title doctor in clinical settings 17 18 In some US states there is a legal basis limiting nurses using the title of doctor in clinical practice 19 However in other US states nurses are bringing their own legal arguments to facilitate their legal use of the title 20 See also editAdvanced practice nurses Nurse practitioner Nurse midwife Clinical nurse specialist Nurse anesthetist Diploma in Nursing Associate of Science in Nursing Bachelor of Science in Nursing Master of Science in Nursing Nurse education Nursing schoolReferences edit Reid Ponte Patricia Nicholas Patrice K July 2015 Addressing the Confusion Related to DNS DNSc and DSN Degrees With Lessons for the Nursing Profession DNS DNSc and DSN Degrees Journal of Nursing Scholarship 47 4 347 353 doi 10 1111 jnu 12148 PMID 26078101 a b Third cycle PhD programmes eurydice eacea ec europa eu Retrieved 18 October 2023 What is a Doctorate Degree How Long Does it Take Franklin edu www franklin edu Retrieved 18 October 2023 American Association of Colleges of Nursing DNP Fact Sheet aacn nche edu Retrieved 19 September 2015 a b Report of the Task Force on the Clinical Doctorate American Association of Colleges of Nursing 2004 AACN Position Statement on the Practice Doctorate in Nursing Available at http www aacn nche edu DNP pdf DNP pdf Archived 28 September 2011 at the Wayback Machine American Association of Nurse Anesthetists 2007 AANA Position on Doctoral Preparation of Nurse Anesthetists Available at Archived copy PDF Archived from the original PDF on 30 October 2007 Retrieved 20 April 2008 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint archived copy as title link Meleis Afaf Dracup Kathleen 2005 The Case Against the DNP History Timing Substance and Marginalization Online Journal of Issues in Nursing 10 3 3 doi 10 3912 ojin vol10no03man02 PMID 16225383 S2CID 10883573 Retrieved 27 July 2022 Dobrowolska Beata Chrusciel Pawel Pilewska Kozak Anna Mianowana Violetta Monist Marta Palese Alvisa 15 November 2021 Doctoral programmes in the nursing discipline a scoping review BMC Nursing 20 1 228 doi 10 1186 s12912 021 00753 6 ISSN 1472 6955 PMC 8591938 PMID 34781935 Course Descriptions DNP SC UMT Retrieved 24 March 2022 ClinPsyD Doctorate in Clinical Psychology 2022 entry The University of Manchester Retrieved 24 March 2022 Medicine Trinity School of 19 February 2021 4 Year MD Program Curriculum Trinity School of Medicine www trinityschoolofmedicine org Retrieved 24 March 2022 DNP PhD Comparison Duke University School of Nursing nursing duke edu Retrieved 18 October 2023 Comparing the PhD amp DNP School of Nursing Retrieved 18 October 2023 Gaddis Gary 2022 Nurses With a Doctorate in Nursing Practice DNP Should Not Call Themselves Doctor in a Clinical Setting Missouri Medicine 119 4 314 320 ISSN 0026 6620 PMC 9462903 PMID 36118817 Miller Jason E 4 November 2008 The Doctor of Nursing Practice Recognizing a Need or Graying the Line Between Doctor and Nurse The Medscape Journal of Medicine 10 11 253 ISSN 1934 1997 PMC 2605113 PMID 19099003 NP Fined 20K for Advertising Herself as Doctor Sarah Medscape Retrieved 29 October 2023 JD Ann W Latner 6 June 2023 DNP Sued for Referring to Herself as Doctor Clinical Advisor Retrieved 29 October 2023 FNP Julee Waldrop DNP PNP 13 March 2013 State medical boards trying to limit who can be called Doctor Clinical Advisor Retrieved 29 October 2023 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Nurse Practitioners Sue The State Of California Over Right To Use Doctor In Titles NurseJournal nursejournal org 8 September 2023 Retrieved 29 October 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Doctor of Nursing Practice amp oldid 1218651701, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
