"A particular pattern of abnormal social functioning that arises during the first five years of life and that tends to persist despite marked changes in environmental circumstances, e.g. diffuse, nonselectively focused attachment behaviour, attention-seeking and indiscriminately friendly behaviour, poorly modulated peer interactions; depending on circumstances there may also be associated emotional or behavioural disturbance." – F94.2 of the ICD-10.
Disinhibited attachment disorder is a subtype of the ICD-10 category F94, "Disorders of social functioning with onset specific to childhood and adolescence". The other subtype of F94 is reactive attachment disorder of childhood (RAD – F94.1). A similar disorder is institutional syndrome.
The DSM-IV distinguishes two categories of RAD: an inhibited subtype and a disinhibited subtype (in the DSM it is listed as 313.89 under infant diagnoses). The ICD-10 describes the former, emotionally withdrawn subtype as RAD and the latter subtype as Disinhibited Attachment Disorder (DAD) (Zeanah et al., 2004).
Generally, the DSM-IV criteria for the inhibited subtype of RAD were generated by studies done on children who were maltreated or abused. Criteria for the DSM-IV disinhibited subtype of RAD were based on research on children raised in institutions (Zeanah, 1996). This is largely based on the fact that inhibited subtype of RAD is more prevalent in maltreated children, and the disinhibited subtype of RAD is more prevalent in children raised in institutions (Zeanah, 2000).
Studiesedit
In a study by Zeanah, (Zeanah et al., 2004) on reactive attachment disorder in maltreated toddlers, the criteria for DSM-IV disinhibited RAD (i.e. disinhibited attachment disorder) were:
not having a discriminated, preferred attachment figure,
not checking back after venturing away from the caregiver,
lack of reticence with unfamiliar adults,
a willingness to go off with relative strangers.
For comparison, the criteria for DSM-IV inhibited RAD were:
absence of a discriminated, preferred adult,
lack of comfort-seeking for distress,
failure to respond to comfort when offered,
lack of social and emotional reciprocity, and
emotion regulation difficulties.
The authors found that these two disorders were not completely independent; a few children may exhibit symptoms of both types of the disorder.
Zeanah CH (1996). "Beyond insecurity: a reconceptualization of attachment disorders of infancy" (PDF). J Consult Clin Psychol. 64 (1): 42–52. doi:10.1037/0022-006X.64.1.42. PMID 8907083. Retrieved 2007-02-06.
Zeanah CH (2000). "Disturbances of attachment in young children adopted from institutions". J Dev Behav Pediatr. 21 (3): 230–36. PMID 10883884.
Zeanah CH, Scheeringa M, Boris NW, Heller SS, Smyke AT, Trapani J (August 2004). "Reactive attachment disorder in maltreated toddlers". Child Abuse Negl. 28 (8): 877–88. doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.01.010. PMID 15350771.
External linksedit
January 01, 1970
disinhibited, attachment, disorder, according, international, classification, diseases, defined, specialtypsychiatry, particular, pattern, abnormal, social, functioning, that, arises, during, first, five, years, life, that, tends, persist, despite, marked, cha. Disinhibited attachment disorder DAD according to the International Classification of Diseases ICD 10 is defined as Disinhibited attachment disorderSpecialtyPsychiatry A particular pattern of abnormal social functioning that arises during the first five years of life and that tends to persist despite marked changes in environmental circumstances e g diffuse nonselectively focused attachment behaviour attention seeking and indiscriminately friendly behaviour poorly modulated peer interactions depending on circumstances there may also be associated emotional or behavioural disturbance F94 2 of the ICD 10 Disinhibited attachment disorder is a subtype of the ICD 10 category F94 Disorders of social functioning with onset specific to childhood and adolescence The other subtype of F94 is reactive attachment disorder of childhood RAD F94 1 A similar disorder is institutional syndrome Within the ICD 10 category scheme disinhibited attachment disorder specifically excludes Asperger syndrome F84 5 hospitalism in children F43 2 and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder F90 Contents 1 Comparison with the DSM IV 2 Studies 3 See also 4 Sources 5 External linksComparison with the DSM IV editThe DSM IV distinguishes two categories of RAD an inhibited subtype and a disinhibited subtype in the DSM it is listed as 313 89 under infant diagnoses The ICD 10 describes the former emotionally withdrawn subtype as RAD and the latter subtype as Disinhibited Attachment Disorder DAD Zeanah et al 2004 Generally the DSM IV criteria for the inhibited subtype of RAD were generated by studies done on children who were maltreated or abused Criteria for the DSM IV disinhibited subtype of RAD were based on research on children raised in institutions Zeanah 1996 This is largely based on the fact that inhibited subtype of RAD is more prevalent in maltreated children and the disinhibited subtype of RAD is more prevalent in children raised in institutions Zeanah 2000 Studies editIn a study by Zeanah Zeanah et al 2004 on reactive attachment disorder in maltreated toddlers the criteria for DSM IV disinhibited RAD i e disinhibited attachment disorder were not having a discriminated preferred attachment figure not checking back after venturing away from the caregiver lack of reticence with unfamiliar adults a willingness to go off with relative strangers For comparison the criteria for DSM IV inhibited RAD were absence of a discriminated preferred adult lack of comfort seeking for distress failure to respond to comfort when offered lack of social and emotional reciprocity and emotion regulation difficulties The authors found that these two disorders were not completely independent a few children may exhibit symptoms of both types of the disorder See also editAttachment disorder Reactive attachment disorderSources editZeanah CH 1996 Beyond insecurity a reconceptualization of attachment disorders of infancy PDF J Consult Clin Psychol 64 1 42 52 doi 10 1037 0022 006X 64 1 42 PMID 8907083 Retrieved 2007 02 06 Zeanah CH 2000 Disturbances of attachment in young children adopted from institutions J Dev Behav Pediatr 21 3 230 36 PMID 10883884 Zeanah CH Scheeringa M Boris NW Heller SS Smyke AT Trapani J August 2004 Reactive attachment disorder in maltreated toddlers Child Abuse Negl 28 8 877 88 doi 10 1016 j chiabu 2004 01 010 PMID 15350771 External links edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Disinhibited attachment disorder amp oldid 1119680612, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
