The Dictionnaire universel, contenant generalement tous les mots françois (originally Dictionaire universel) was a dictionary and encyclopedia compiled by Antoine Furetière and published posthumously in 1690. Unlike the rival dictionary of the Académie française, finally published in 1694, Furetière's Dictionnaire included specialized technical and scientific vocabulary. It was also an encyclopedia of sorts in dealing with things as well as words. Despite having been banned in France, it was a commercial success and exerted an enormous influence on eighteenth-century French dictionaries and encyclopedias.
At the time of its founding, the Académie française had been entrusted with the task of producing a complete dictionary of the French language.[1] At first, Furetière participated in the collaborative project with enthusiasm, but he eventually grew frustrated with his colleagues' approach and slow progress and began work on his own dictionary, probably around 1676–78.[2] In 1684 he published a sample of articles from his proposed dictionary under the title Essais d'un Dictionnaire universel. This work was reprinted in 1685 and 1687.[3]
When members of the academy heard that Furetière was about to publish his dictionary, they interfered, alleging that he had stolen their material and violated the monopoly they had held on French dictionaries since 1674.[4] In 1685, after fierce recriminations on both sides, Furetière was expelled from the academy, and the French government revoked his permission to publish the dictionary. In 1690, the Dictionaire universel was published posthumously in the Netherlands with a preface by Pierre Bayle, who had helped arrange for the work's publication.[5]
Furetière's Dictionnaire continued to be edited and republished through 1727. The second edition (1701) and the third edition (1708) were revised and improved by the Protestant jurist Henri Basnage de Beauval (1656–1710). A fourth edition, edited by Jean-Baptiste Brutel de la Rivière, appeared in 1727.
1690 : Dictionaire universel. The Hague and Rotterdam: Arnoud et Reinier Leers. First edition. 3 volumes. Preface by Pierre Bayle. Posthumous publication.
1691 : Dictionaire universel. The Hague & Rotterdam: Arnoud et Reinier Leers. Reprint of first edition in 2 volumes.
1701 : Dictionnaire universel. The Hague & Rotterdam: Arnoud et Reinier Leers. Second edition. 3 volumes. Edited by Henri Basnage de Beauval.
1702 : Dictionnaire universel. The Hague & Rotterdam: Arnoud et Reinier Leers. Reprint of second edition in 2 volumes.
1708 : Dictionnaire universel. Rotterdam: Reinier Leers. Third edition. 3 volumes. Edited by Henri Basnage de Beauval.
1727 : Dictionnaire universel. The Hague: Pierre Husson, Thomas Johnson, Jean Swart, and others. Fourth edition. 4 volumes. Edited by Jean-Baptiste Brutel de la Rivière.
Reuse by the encyclopedists of Trévouxedit
In 1704, a three-volume encyclopedia was published outside Lyon at Trévoux, then the capital of Dombes, under the title of Dictionnaire universel françois et latin. It was different from Furetière's Dictionnaire in two main respects. First, as its title indicated, it included a bilingual dictionary of French and Latin in the final volume. Second, the anonymous authors attempted to re-Catholicize the Dutch-published encyclopedia and cleanse it of Protestant notions. Otherwise, the Dictionnaire de Trévoux, as it came to be known, was nearly identical to the 1701 edition of Furetière's Dictionnaire,[6] a source of outrage to Basnage, who thought that his and Furetière's work should have been acknowledged.
The Dictionnaire de Trévoux continued to be published through 1771. Despite repeated denials on the part of the Jesuits, it seems clear that they were largely responsible for production of the encyclopedia at least prior to the suppression of the Jesuits in France in 1763.[7]
Referencesedit
^Considine, John (2014). Academy Dictionaries 1600-1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 30–31.
^Alain Rey, "Antoine Furetière, imagier de la culture classique," vol. 1 of Le Dictionnaire universel d'Antoine Furetière, facsimile edition (Paris: SNL - Le Robert, 1978), 54.
^Dorothea Behnke. Furetière und Trévoux: Eine Untersuchung zum Verhältnis der beiden Wörterbuchserien (Tübingen: Max Niemeyer, 1996), 9-14.
^Considine, John (2014). Academy Dictionaries 1600-1800. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 38.
^Walter W. Ross, "Antoine Furetière's Dictionnaire universel," in Notable Encyclopedias of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Nine Predecessors of the Encyclopédie (Oxford: Voltaire Foundation, 1981), 56-59.
^Marie Leca-Tsiomis, Écrire l’Encyclopédie: Diderot: De l’usage des dictionnaires à la grammaire philosophique (Oxford: Voltaire Foundation, 1999), 75-84, 139-42.
External linksedit
Dictionnaire universel
April 12, 2024
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The Dictionnaire universel contenant generalement tous les mots francois originally Dictionaire universel was a dictionary and encyclopedia compiled by Antoine Furetiere and published posthumously in 1690 Unlike the rival dictionary of the Academie francaise finally published in 1694 Furetiere s Dictionnaire included specialized technical and scientific vocabulary It was also an encyclopedia of sorts in dealing with things as well as words Despite having been banned in France it was a commercial success and exerted an enormous influence on eighteenth century French dictionaries and encyclopedias Contents 1 Origins and Publication 2 Reuse by the encyclopedists of Trevoux 3 References 4 External linksOrigins and Publication editAt the time of its founding the Academie francaise had been entrusted with the task of producing a complete dictionary of the French language 1 At first Furetiere participated in the collaborative project with enthusiasm but he eventually grew frustrated with his colleagues approach and slow progress and began work on his own dictionary probably around 1676 78 2 In 1684 he published a sample of articles from his proposed dictionary under the title Essais d un Dictionnaire universel This work was reprinted in 1685 and 1687 3 When members of the academy heard that Furetiere was about to publish his dictionary they interfered alleging that he had stolen their material and violated the monopoly they had held on French dictionaries since 1674 4 In 1685 after fierce recriminations on both sides Furetiere was expelled from the academy and the French government revoked his permission to publish the dictionary In 1690 the Dictionaire universel was published posthumously in the Netherlands with a preface by Pierre Bayle who had helped arrange for the work s publication 5 Furetiere s Dictionnaire continued to be edited and republished through 1727 The second edition 1701 and the third edition 1708 were revised and improved by the Protestant jurist Henri Basnage de Beauval 1656 1710 A fourth edition edited by Jean Baptiste Brutel de la Riviere appeared in 1727 1690 Dictionaire universel The Hague and Rotterdam Arnoud et Reinier Leers First edition 3 volumes Preface by Pierre Bayle Posthumous publication 1691 Dictionaire universel The Hague amp Rotterdam Arnoud et Reinier Leers Reprint of first edition in 2 volumes 1701 Dictionnaire universel The Hague amp Rotterdam Arnoud et Reinier Leers Second edition 3 volumes Edited by Henri Basnage de Beauval 1702 Dictionnaire universel The Hague amp Rotterdam Arnoud et Reinier Leers Reprint of second edition in 2 volumes 1708 Dictionnaire universel Rotterdam Reinier Leers Third edition 3 volumes Edited by Henri Basnage de Beauval 1727 Dictionnaire universel The Hague Pierre Husson Thomas Johnson Jean Swart and others Fourth edition 4 volumes Edited by Jean Baptiste Brutel de la Riviere Reuse by the encyclopedists of Trevoux editIn 1704 a three volume encyclopedia was published outside Lyon at Trevoux then the capital of Dombes under the title of Dictionnaire universel francois et latin It was different from Furetiere s Dictionnaire in two main respects First as its title indicated it included a bilingual dictionary of French and Latin in the final volume Second the anonymous authors attempted to re Catholicize the Dutch published encyclopedia and cleanse it of Protestant notions Otherwise the Dictionnaire de Trevoux as it came to be known was nearly identical to the 1701 edition of Furetiere s Dictionnaire 6 a source of outrage to Basnage who thought that his and Furetiere s work should have been acknowledged The Dictionnaire de Trevoux continued to be published through 1771 Despite repeated denials on the part of the Jesuits it seems clear that they were largely responsible for production of the encyclopedia at least prior to the suppression of the Jesuits in France in 1763 7 References edit Considine John 2014 Academy Dictionaries 1600 1800 Cambridge Cambridge University Press pp 30 31 Alain Rey Antoine Furetiere imagier de la culture classique vol 1 of Le Dictionnaire universel d Antoine Furetiere facsimile edition Paris SNL Le Robert 1978 54 Dorothea Behnke Furetiere und Trevoux Eine Untersuchung zum Verhaltnis der beiden Worterbuchserien Tubingen Max Niemeyer 1996 9 14 Considine John 2014 Academy Dictionaries 1600 1800 Cambridge Cambridge University Press p 38 Walter W Ross Antoine Furetiere s Dictionnaire universel in Notable Encyclopedias of the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries Nine Predecessors of the Encyclopedie Oxford Voltaire Foundation 1981 56 59 Behnke Furetiere und Trevoux 104 20 Marie Leca Tsiomis Ecrire l Encyclopedie Diderot De l usage des dictionnaires a la grammaire philosophique Oxford Voltaire Foundation 1999 75 84 139 42 External links editDictionnaire universel Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Dictionnaire universel amp oldid 1204271342, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
