Danish Runic Inscription 66 or DR 66, also known as the Mask stone, is a granite Viking Age memorial runestone that was discovered in Aarhus, Denmark. The inscription features a facial mask and memorializes a man who died in a battle.
The runestone is famous for bearing a depiction of a facial mask and an Old Norserunic inscription mentioning a battle between kings, which also appears on Västergötland Runic Inscription 40. There is insufficient evidence to establish which battle the inscription refers to, but the Battle of Svolder (c.1000)[1] and the Battle of Helgeån (1026) have been proposed as candidates.[2] The mask depicted has been explained by the Moesgård Museum as "probably intended to be protection against evil spirits".[1] Other inscriptions using a facial mask, which was a common motif, include DR 62 in Sjelle, DR 81 in Skern, DR 258 in Bösarp, the now-lost DR 286 in Hunnestad, DR 314 in Lund, DR 335 in Västra Strö, Vg 106 in Lassegården, Sö 86 in Åby ägor, Sö 112 in Kolunda, Sö 167 in Landshammar, Sö 367 in Släbro, Nä 34 in Nasta, U 508 in Gillberga, U 670 in Rölunda, U 678 in Skokloster, U 824 in Holms, U 1034 in Tensta, and U 1150 in Björklinge, and on the Sjellebro Stone.[3]
The stone may have originally been located along the important road into Aarhus from the west, as it was found with most of the other runestones in Aarhus in buildings adjoining this important road.[1] In the Mask Stone's case, it was discovered beneath Aarhus Mill in 1850,[4] where the city park Mølleparken ("The Mill Park") now exists.[1] The stone is currently on exhibition at the Moesgård Museum, the logo of which was inspired by the stone's mask.[1]
The runic text indicates that the stone was raised by four men as a memorial to a man named Fúl. The relationship between the men is described as a félag, which was a joint financial venture between partners during the Viking Age.[5] Other runestones that use a form of the term félag include Sö 292 in Bröta, Vg 112 in Ås, Vg 122 in Abrahamstorp, the now-lost Vg 146 in Slöta, Vg 182 in Skattegården, U 391 in Villa Karlsro, the now-lost U 954 in Söderby, DR 1 in Haddeby, DR 68 in Århus, DR 125 in Dalbyover, DR 127 in Hobro, DR 262 in Fosie, DR 270 in Skivarp, DR 279 in Sjörup, DR 316 in Norra Nöbbelöv, DR 318 in Håstad, DR 321 in Västra Karaby, DR 329 and DR 330 in Gårdstånga, DR 339 in Stora Köpinge, and X UaFv1914;47 in Berezanj, Ukraina.
Inscription
Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters
A kunulfʀ auk augutr auk aslakʀ auk rulfʀ risþu
B stin þansi eftiʀ ful fela(k)a sin iaʀ uarþ ( ) ...y-- tuþr
Bertelsen, Lise Gjedssø (2006). "On Öphir's Pictures". In Stoklund, Marie; Nielsen, Michael Lerche; et al. (eds.). Runes and Their Secrets: Studies in Runology, Volume 2000. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press. pp. 31–64. ISBN87-635-0428-6.
Jesch, Judith (2001). Ships and Men in the Late Viking Age: The Vocabulary of Runic Inscriptions and Skaldic Verse. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. ISBN978-0-85115-826-6.
Zilmer, Kristel (2005). 'He Drowned in Holmr's Sea – His Cargo-ship Drifted to the Sea-bottom, Only Three Came out Alive': Records and Representations of Baltic Traffic in the Viking Age and the Early Middle Ages in Early Nordic Sources. Tartu University Press.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Den store Aarhus-Runesten.
Maskesten - Billedsten fra Vikingtiden - Arild Hauge webpage on mask stones
August 20, 2023
danish, runic, inscription, also, known, mask, stone, granite, viking, memorial, runestone, that, discovered, aarhus, denmark, inscription, features, facial, mask, memorializes, died, battle, createdc, 1000discoveredaarhus, jutland, denmarkrundata, iddr, 66run. Danish Runic Inscription 66 or DR 66 also known as the Mask stone is a granite Viking Age memorial runestone that was discovered in Aarhus Denmark The inscription features a facial mask and memorializes a man who died in a battle Danish Runic Inscription 66Createdc 1000DiscoveredAarhus Jutland DenmarkRundata IDDR 66RunemasterunknownText NativeOld Norse See article TranslationSee article Contents 1 Description 2 Inscription 2 1 Transliteration of the runes into Latin characters 2 2 Transcription into Old Norse 2 3 Translation in English 3 Notes 4 References 5 External linksDescription EditThe runestone is famous for bearing a depiction of a facial mask and an Old Norse runic inscription mentioning a battle between kings which also appears on Vastergotland Runic Inscription 40 There is insufficient evidence to establish which battle the inscription refers to but the Battle of Svolder c 1000 1 and the Battle of Helgean 1026 have been proposed as candidates 2 The mask depicted has been explained by the Moesgard Museum as probably intended to be protection against evil spirits 1 Other inscriptions using a facial mask which was a common motif include DR 62 in Sjelle DR 81 in Skern DR 258 in Bosarp the now lost DR 286 in Hunnestad DR 314 in Lund DR 335 in Vastra Stro Vg 106 in Lassegarden So 86 in Aby agor So 112 in Kolunda So 167 in Landshammar So 367 in Slabro Na 34 in Nasta U 508 in Gillberga U 670 in Rolunda U 678 in Skokloster U 824 in Holms U 1034 in Tensta and U 1150 in Bjorklinge and on the Sjellebro Stone 3 The stone may have originally been located along the important road into Aarhus from the west as it was found with most of the other runestones in Aarhus in buildings adjoining this important road 1 In the Mask Stone s case it was discovered beneath Aarhus Mill in 1850 4 where the city park Molleparken The Mill Park now exists 1 The stone is currently on exhibition at the Moesgard Museum the logo of which was inspired by the stone s mask 1 The runic text indicates that the stone was raised by four men as a memorial to a man named Ful The relationship between the men is described as a felag which was a joint financial venture between partners during the Viking Age 5 Other runestones that use a form of the term felag include So 292 in Brota Vg 112 in As Vg 122 in Abrahamstorp the now lost Vg 146 in Slota Vg 182 in Skattegarden U 391 in Villa Karlsro the now lost U 954 in Soderby DR 1 in Haddeby DR 68 in Arhus DR 125 in Dalbyover DR 127 in Hobro DR 262 in Fosie DR 270 in Skivarp DR 279 in Sjorup DR 316 in Norra Nobbelov DR 318 in Hastad DR 321 in Vastra Karaby DR 329 and DR 330 in Gardstanga DR 339 in Stora Kopinge and X UaFv1914 47 in Berezanj Ukraina Inscription EditTransliteration of the runes into Latin characters Edit A kunulfʀ auk augutr auk aslakʀ auk rulfʀ risthu B stin thansi eftiʀ ful fela k a sin iaʀ uarth y tuthr C tha kunukaʀ barthusk 6 Transcription into Old Norse Edit A Gunulfʀ ok Ogotr Othgotr ok Aslakʀ ok Rolfʀ resthu B sten thaensi aeftiʀ Ful felaga sin aeʀ warth dothr C tha kunungaʀ barthusk 6 Translation in English Edit A Gunnulfr and Eygautr Audgautr and Aslakr and Hrolfr raised B this stone in memory of Ful their partner who died C when kings fought 6 Notes Edit a b c d e Damm 2005 49 Zilmer 2005 191 192 Bertelsen 2006 46 47 Arhus sten 3 Danske Runeindskrifter Danish National Museum and University of Copenhagen Retrieved 29 January 2022 Jesch 2001 232 235 a b c Project Samnordisk Runtextdatabas Svensk Rundata entry for DR 66 References EditAnnette Damm 2005 Viking Aros Denmark Moesgard Museum ISBN 87 87334 63 1 Bertelsen Lise Gjedsso 2006 On Ophir s Pictures In Stoklund Marie Nielsen Michael Lerche et al eds Runes and Their Secrets Studies in Runology Volume 2000 Copenhagen Museum Tusculanum Press pp 31 64 ISBN 87 635 0428 6 Jesch Judith 2001 Ships and Men in the Late Viking Age The Vocabulary of Runic Inscriptions and Skaldic Verse Woodbridge Boydell Press ISBN 978 0 85115 826 6 Zilmer Kristel 2005 He Drowned in Holmr s Sea His Cargo ship Drifted to the Sea bottom Only Three Came out Alive Records and Representations of Baltic Traffic in the Viking Age and the Early Middle Ages in Early Nordic Sources Tartu University Press External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Den store Aarhus Runesten Maskesten Billedsten fra Vikingtiden Arild Hauge webpage on mask stones Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Danish Runic Inscription 66 amp oldid 1089295687, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
