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DC100

May 09, 2024

DC100 (also known as DC100A) is a tape cartridge format that was co-developed by Hewlett-Packard and 3M.[1] Introduced in mid-1976,[2] it was developed as a data storage mechanism for the HP 9820 programmable calculator.[3] The DC100 tape cartridge was a scaled-down version of the DC300 cartridge pioneered by 3M, and represents an early version of what is now referred to as the QIC Mini Cartridge.[4] 3M was the exclusive source of DC100 tapes,[5] while drives were manufactured by 3M and several third parties.

DC100 tape cartridge and transport from an HP 85 desktop computer

History edit

The DC100 tape cartridge format was used in the HP desktop calculator and computer systems of the late 1970s and early 1980s, including the 9815, 9825,[4] 9845, and HP Series 80.[6] HP also used it in their 2640 series of computer terminals.[7] Tape transports were manufactured by 3M,[5] as well as North Atlantic Qantex,[8][9] Instrumentation Technology Corporation,[10] and Beehive International.[11]

Outside of HP, the format suffered from poor adoption rates four years after its introduction, according to Wayne Green.[12] Bucking this trend, Computer Automation's LSI-2 minicomputers saw compatibility with the DC100 format with the release of the TDCA-100 tape transport system by Telegenix in 1981.[13] In 1984, Irwin Magnetic Systems introduced the Irwin 210 tape backup unit for various platforms that used DC100 tape.[14]

Digital Equipment Corporation's DC150 cartridge, a variation of DC100 with slightly higher capacity, was used in DEC's DECtape II drives.[15] HP later developed the DC200 tape cartridge format on their own; it was based on the design of the DC100 but used thinner tape to increase the amount of data over its predecessor.[3]

Specifications edit

Comparison between DC100 and DC300
Property DC100(A) DC300
Release date 1976[2] 1972[4]
Unformatted capacity 2.6 MB[16] 2.9 MB[3]
Formatted capacity[a] 560 KB[1] 2.5 MB[1]
Transfer speed 48 Kbit/s[1] 48 Kbit/s[1]
Tape length 140 feet (43 m)[16] 300 feet (91 m)[3]
Tape width 0.15 inches (0.38 cm)[3] 0.25 inches (0.64 cm)[3]
Transport size
(3M-manufactured) 		4 by 3 by 4 inches (10.2 cm × 7.6 cm × 10.2 cm)[1] 4 by 10 by 7 inches (10 cm × 25 cm × 18 cm)[1]
Tracks 2[17] 4[17]
Recording density (ftpi) 3200[17] 3200[17]
Coercivity (Oe) 310[18] 310[18]
Notes
  1. ^ 1,000 bytes per block
Features from 3M[3]
  • Base plate flatness.
  • Guide posts (essentially the 5 "axles" in the cartridge) into the base plate with sufficient perpendicularity.
  • Guide-post surface finish. Too rough, abraded the back of the tape. Too smooth, tape adheres to the guide through stiction, which causes speed flutter on the tape. The right surface treatment was found to be lapidary tumbler, a recipe of abrasive and burnishing compound.
  • Guide-post perpendicularity had to be right to avoid differential tension on the tape. In the severe case contact between tape and head was lost. The two most critical guide posts in the manufacture fixture, the hub bearing or axle posts, had to be perpendicular to within approximately 1/3° degrees.
  • Lubrication.
  • Cartridge’s internal plastic drive belt (critical).
HP improvements on the 3M design[3]
  • Tape tension is controlled primarily by friction in two rollers that the belt loops around. 3M controlled belt-roller friction (and hence the tape tension) with a very precise amount of STP lubricant on the bearing surfaces. A better design was to use large axles and Teflon-filled plastic for the bearing rollers, which eliminated the need for lubrication.
  • Minimum tape tension at the head was increased, the drive force to spin the drive puck was less however.
  • Optical sensing of cartridge in and write protect.

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f g Kramer, Joel A. (August 29, 1977). "Magnetic Media Prevail in Microperipheral Area". Computerworld. 11 (35). CW Communications: S/25 – via the Internet Archive.
  2. ^ a b Sinden, Ken (July 1976). "Storage for small systems". Data Processing. 18 (5). IPC Electrical-Electronic Press: 39–40 – via the Internet Archive.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Leibson, Steve (August 25, 2006). . HP9825.com. Archived from the original on February 7, 2023.
  4. ^ a b c Leibson, Steve (July 19, 2007). "The QIC and the Dead". EDN. AspenCore. Archived from the original on February 18, 2023.
  5. ^ a b McLeod, Jonah (September 1982). "Small storage peripherals grow even smaller in cost and size". Systems & Software. 1 (1). Hayden Publishing: 37–43 – via the Internet Archive.
  6. ^ King, Russell (September 1981). "What's So Super About the HP-85?". Kilobaud Microcomputing. V (9). Wayne Green, Inc.: 120–125 – via the Internet Archive.
  7. ^ Nordman, Robert G.; Richard L. Smith; Louis A. Witkin (May 1976). "New CRT Terminal Has Magnetic Tape Storage for Expanded Capability". Hewlett-Packard Journal. 27 (9). Hewlett-Packard: 2–15 – via the Internet Archive.
  8. ^ Staff writer (December 5, 1977). "Transport Suits 3M Cartridge". Computerworld. 11 (49). CW Communications: 64 – via the Internet Archive.
  9. ^ Staff writer (May 29, 1978). "Qantex Division". Computerworld. 12 (22). CW Communications: P/46 – via the Internet Archive.
  10. ^ Staff writer (September 1976). "Data Cartridge Transport". Computer Design. 15 (9): 160 – via the Internet Archive.
  11. ^ Staff writer (August 6, 1979). "Beekeeper Stores Data Off-Line for Beehive Units". Computerworld. 13 (32). CW Communications: 40 – via the Internet Archive.
  12. ^ Green, Wayne (November 1980). "Publisher's Remarks". Kilobaud Microcomputing. Wayne Green, Inc.: 6–8 – via the Internet Archive.
  13. ^ Staff writer (February 23, 1981). "Tape System Fits CA's LSI-2". Computerworld. 15 (8). CW Communications: 66 – via the Internet Archive.
  14. ^ Staff writer (March 5, 1984). "Micro-sized backup targets tape drives". Micro Marketworld. 7 (5). IDG Publications: 67 – via the Internet Archive.
  15. ^ Staff writer (September 14, 1978). "Tape unit offers random access" (PDF). Electronics. 51 (19). McGraw-Hill: 222–224 – via World Radio History.
  16. ^ a b BTL/WE Microcomputer Symposium. Western Electric. 1976. p. 25-2–25-3 – via the Internet Archive.
  17. ^ a b c d Rosch, Winn L. (1999). Winn L. Rosch Hardware Bible. Que. p. 663. ISBN 9780789717436 – via the Internet Archive.
  18. ^ a b (PDF). 3M Company. January 1990. Archived from the original (PDF) on February 18, 2023 – via Farnell.com.

External links edit

  • United States patent 3692255, Robert A. Von Behren, "Belt driven tape cartridge", issued September 19, 1975, assigned to Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company 
  • Picture of DC100 drive at HP9825.com

May 09, 2024
dc100, also, known, tape, cartridge, format, that, developed, hewlett, packard, introduced, 1976, developed, data, storage, mechanism, 9820, programmable, calculator, tape, cartridge, scaled, down, version, dc300, cartridge, pioneered, represents, early, versi. DC100 also known as DC100A is a tape cartridge format that was co developed by Hewlett Packard and 3M 1 Introduced in mid 1976 2 it was developed as a data storage mechanism for the HP 9820 programmable calculator 3 The DC100 tape cartridge was a scaled down version of the DC300 cartridge pioneered by 3M and represents an early version of what is now referred to as the QIC Mini Cartridge 4 3M was the exclusive source of DC100 tapes 5 while drives were manufactured by 3M and several third parties DC100 tape cartridge and transport from an HP 85 desktop computer Contents 1 History 2 Specifications 3 References 4 External linksHistory editThe DC100 tape cartridge format was used in the HP desktop calculator and computer systems of the late 1970s and early 1980s including the 9815 9825 4 9845 and HP Series 80 6 HP also used it in their 2640 series of computer terminals 7 Tape transports were manufactured by 3M 5 as well as North Atlantic Qantex 8 9 Instrumentation Technology Corporation 10 and Beehive International 11 Outside of HP the format suffered from poor adoption rates four years after its introduction according to Wayne Green 12 Bucking this trend Computer Automation s LSI 2 minicomputers saw compatibility with the DC100 format with the release of the TDCA 100 tape transport system by Telegenix in 1981 13 In 1984 Irwin Magnetic Systems introduced the Irwin 210 tape backup unit for various platforms that used DC100 tape 14 Digital Equipment Corporation s DC150 cartridge a variation of DC100 with slightly higher capacity was used in DEC s DECtape II drives 15 HP later developed the DC200 tape cartridge format on their own it was based on the design of the DC100 but used thinner tape to increase the amount of data over its predecessor 3 Specifications editComparison between DC100 and DC300 Property DC100 A DC300 Release date 1976 2 1972 4 Unformatted capacity 2 6 MB 16 2 9 MB 3 Formatted capacity a 560 KB 1 2 5 MB 1 Transfer speed 48 Kbit s 1 48 Kbit s 1 Tape length 140 feet 43 m 16 300 feet 91 m 3 Tape width 0 15 inches 0 38 cm 3 0 25 inches 0 64 cm 3 Transport size 3M manufactured 4 by 3 by 4 inches 10 2 cm 7 6 cm 10 2 cm 1 4 by 10 by 7 inches 10 cm 25 cm 18 cm 1 Tracks 2 17 4 17 Recording density ftpi 3200 17 3200 17 Coercivity Oe 310 18 310 18 Notes 1 000 bytes per block Features from 3M 3 Base plate flatness Guide posts essentially the 5 axles in the cartridge into the base plate with sufficient perpendicularity Guide post surface finish Too rough abraded the back of the tape Too smooth tape adheres to the guide through stiction which causes speed flutter on the tape The right surface treatment was found to be lapidary tumbler a recipe of abrasive and burnishing compound Guide post perpendicularity had to be right to avoid differential tension on the tape In the severe case contact between tape and head was lost The two most critical guide posts in the manufacture fixture the hub bearing or axle posts had to be perpendicular to within approximately 1 3 degrees Lubrication Cartridge s internal plastic drive belt critical HP improvements on the 3M design 3 Tape tension is controlled primarily by friction in two rollers that the belt loops around 3M controlled belt roller friction and hence the tape tension with a very precise amount of STP lubricant on the bearing surfaces A better design was to use large axles and Teflon filled plastic for the bearing rollers which eliminated the need for lubrication Minimum tape tension at the head was increased the drive force to spin the drive puck was less however Optical sensing of cartridge in and write protect References edit a b c d e f g Kramer Joel A August 29 1977 Magnetic Media Prevail in Microperipheral Area Computerworld 11 35 CW Communications S 25 via the Internet Archive a b Sinden Ken July 1976 Storage for small systems Data Processing 18 5 IPC Electrical Electronic Press 39 40 via the Internet Archive a b c d e f g h Leibson Steve August 25 2006 The DC100 Tape and Drive Accidental Start of a New Industry HP9825 com Archived from the original on February 7 2023 a b c Leibson Steve July 19 2007 The QIC and the Dead EDN AspenCore Archived from the original on February 18 2023 a b McLeod Jonah September 1982 Small storage peripherals grow even smaller in cost and size Systems amp Software 1 1 Hayden Publishing 37 43 via the Internet Archive King Russell September 1981 What s So Super About the HP 85 Kilobaud Microcomputing V 9 Wayne Green Inc 120 125 via the Internet Archive Nordman Robert G Richard L Smith Louis A Witkin May 1976 New CRT Terminal Has Magnetic Tape Storage for Expanded Capability Hewlett Packard Journal 27 9 Hewlett Packard 2 15 via the Internet Archive Staff writer December 5 1977 Transport Suits 3M Cartridge Computerworld 11 49 CW Communications 64 via the Internet Archive Staff writer May 29 1978 Qantex Division Computerworld 12 22 CW Communications P 46 via the Internet Archive Staff writer September 1976 Data Cartridge Transport Computer Design 15 9 160 via the Internet Archive Staff writer August 6 1979 Beekeeper Stores Data Off Line for Beehive Units Computerworld 13 32 CW Communications 40 via the Internet Archive Green Wayne November 1980 Publisher s Remarks Kilobaud Microcomputing Wayne Green Inc 6 8 via the Internet Archive Staff writer February 23 1981 Tape System Fits CA s LSI 2 Computerworld 15 8 CW Communications 66 via the Internet Archive Staff writer March 5 1984 Micro sized backup targets tape drives Micro Marketworld 7 5 IDG Publications 67 via the Internet Archive Staff writer September 14 1978 Tape unit offers random access PDF Electronics 51 19 McGraw Hill 222 224 via World Radio History a b BTL WE Microcomputer Symposium Western Electric 1976 p 25 2 25 3 via the Internet Archive a b c d Rosch Winn L 1999 Winn L Rosch Hardware Bible Que p 663 ISBN 9780789717436 via the Internet Archive a b A New Data Cartridge from 3M DC2120 PDF 3M Company January 1990 Archived from the original PDF on February 18 2023 via Farnell com External links editUnited States patent 3692255 Robert A Von Behren Belt driven tape cartridge issued September 19 1975 assigned to Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company Picture of DC100 drive at HP9825 com Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title DC100 amp oldid 1218941147, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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