Orb-1 was the first of eight contracted flights by Orbital Sciences under NASA's Commercial Resupply Services (CRS-1) contract. This was the maiden flight of the Castor 30B second stage. Orbital Sciences continued its naming of Cygnus spacecraft in tribute to former astronauts. This vehicle was named the S.S. C. Gordon Fullerton for C. Gordon Fullerton, the NASA astronaut who died on 21 August 2013.[10] This Cygnus cargo mission launched the Nanoracks CubeSat Deployer to the ISS's Kibō module.
Launch and early operations
Antares and Cygnus, 6 January 2014
The launch of Orb-1 was scheduled for November 2013,[11] but a series of delays pushed the date to 20 December 2013.[12] The Antares launch vehicle rolled out from the Wallops Horizontal Integration Facility (HIF) on the morning of 17 December 2013, and was later erected at Launch Pad 0A. Later that day, due to the need for a series of spacewalks to fix a faulty coolant system on the International Space Station, NASA directed Orbital Sciences to stand down the Antares rocket. Antares was rolled back to the HIF and time-sensitive cargo removed. The launch date was rescheduled for no earlier than 13 January 2014, but was later moved forward to 7 January 2014 after a scheduling conflict at Wallops was resolved.[13][14] The launch was delayed one day due to cold temperatures at the launch site.[15]
NASA Wallops and Orbital Sciences announced the launch attempt on 8 January 2014 was scrubbed due to "an unusually high level of space radiation that exceeded by a considerable margin the constraints imposed on the mission to ensure the rocket's electronic systems are not impacted by a harsh radiation environment".[15] Orbital later revised this, stating that a more extensive review of the radiation environment found it to be "within acceptable limits" of the Antares program, and that a launch would be attempted on 9 January 2014.[15]
The Orb-1 mission successfully launched on 9 January 2014 at 18:07:05 UTC from the Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport Launch Pad 0A. Solar array deployment occurred shortly after arriving in orbit. The Cygnus spacecraft arrived at the International Space Station early on 12 January 2014.[16][17][18]
The launch was expected to be viewable from South Carolina through Massachusetts and as far west as West Virginia. As with its last couple of launches out of Wallops, Orbital Sciences released viewing information for the Eastern United States, including maps indicating launch vehicle maximum elevation above horizon and time of first sighting after launch for the various viewing locations.[19]
Attempt
Planned
Result
Turnaround
Reason
Decision point
Weather go (%)
Notes
1
20 Dec 2013, 12:00:00 pm
Delayed
—
Technical
17 Dec 2013, 12:00 pm
ISS coolant loop repair spacewalks forced delay.[12]
Cygnus was filled with 1,260 kg (2,780 lb) of supplies for the ISS, including science experiments and hardware to expand the research capability of the station, crew provisions and spare parts.[3] This included 12 experiments flying as part of the Student Spaceflight Experiments Program (SSEP), selected from 1,466 entrants and involving 7,200 North American students.[20] Types of cargo include:
Cygnus also contained 33 cubesat, making the total number of spacecraft aboard the Antares up to 34, including the Cygnus itself. [1]
End of mission
Canadarm2 unberthed the Cygnus spacecraft from the nadir port of the Harmony module on 18 February 2014 at 10:25 UTC. The spacecraft was then maneuvered to a position below the station, where it was released from the Canadarm2 at 11:41 UTC. It then performed a series of separation maneuvers to move it away from the station. The spacecraft reentered the atmosphere and burned up on 19 February 2014 over the southern Pacific Ocean, disposing of approximately 1,470 kg (3,240 lb) of trash.[4]
Gallery
Cygnus Orb-1 mated to Antares rocket, 10 December 2013.
The Antares rocket rolls to the launch pad, 17 December 2013.
^ abc. NASA. 17 December 2013. Archived from the original on 15 December 2013. Retrieved 17 December 2013. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ abClark, Stephen (18 February 2014). "Status Center". Spaceflight Now. Retrieved 19 February 2014.
^McDowell, Jonathan. "Satellite Catalog". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 25 May 2014.
^"Orbital-1". ISS National Lab. January 2014. from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
^ abKremer, Ken (17 December 2013). "How to See Spectacular Prime Time Night Launch of Antares Commercial Rocket to ISS on December 19". Universe Today. Retrieved 18 December 2013.
^Garner, Rob (12 July 2014). "Looking Back at Orb-1, Forward to Orb-2". NASA. from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
^ ab"Cygnus - Orb-1 Mission". Spaceflight101. 19 February 2014. Archived from the original on 20 November 2016. Retrieved 4 April 2020.
^Pearlman, Robert Z. (9 December 2013). "Orbital names next space station freighter for late pilot-astronaut". CollectSpace. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
^. Spaceflight Now. 10 September 2013. Archived from the original on 11 September 2013.
^ ab. Spaceflight Now. 13 December 2013. Archived from the original on 26 December 2013.
^. orbital.com. 20 December 2013. Archived from the original on 22 December 2013.
^"NASA Postpones Orbital Launch, Sets Spacewalks to Repair Faulty Pump Module". NASA. 17 December 2013. Retrieved 18 December 2013. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^ abcde. Orbital Sciences. 8 January 2014. Archived from the original on 26 February 2014.
^"Cygnus Heads to Space for First Station Resupply Mission". NASA. 9 January 2014. Retrieved 9 January 2014. This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
^"Cygnus solar arrays are now deployed". twitter.com. Orbital Sciences. 9 January 2014. Retrieved 9 January 2014.
^Harwood, William (12 January 2014). "Cygnus cargo ship successfully attached to space station". CBS News. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
cygnus, orbital, also, known, second, flight, orbital, sciences, cygnus, cargo, spacecraft, second, flight, international, space, station, third, launch, company, antares, launch, vehicle, mission, launched, january, 2014, orbital, gordon, fullerton, free, fli. Orbital 1 6 7 also known as Orb 1 7 8 9 was the second flight of the Orbital Sciences Cygnus cargo spacecraft its second flight to the International Space Station ISS and the third launch of the company s Antares launch vehicle The mission launched on 9 January 2014 at 18 07 05 UTC 9 Orbital 1S S C Gordon Fullerton in free flight Mission typeISS logisticsOperatorOrbitalCOSPAR ID2014 003ASATCAT no 39502Mission duration41 days 12 minutesSpacecraft propertiesSpacecraftS S C Gordon FullertonSpacecraft typeStandard Cygnus 1 ManufacturerOrbitalThales AleniaLaunch mass4 923 kg 10 853 lb 2 Payload mass1 260 kg 2 780 lb 3 Start of missionLaunch date9 January 2014 18 07 05 UTCRocketAntares 120Launch siteWallops Pad 0AContractorOrbitalEnd of missionDisposalDeorbitedDecay date19 February 2014 18 20 UTC 4 Orbital parametersReference systemGeocentric orbit 5 RegimeLow Earth orbitInclination51 66 Berthing at the International Space StationBerthing portHarmony nadirRMS capture12 January 2014 11 08 UTCBerthing date12 January 2014 13 05 UTCUnberthing date18 February 2014 10 25 UTCRMS release18 February 2014 11 41 UTCTime berthed36 days 21 hours 20 minutesNASA insignia Commercial Resupply Services Orbital D1SpaceX CRS 3 Cygnus flights Orbital D1Orbital 2 Contents 1 Spacecraft 2 Launch and early operations 3 Payload 4 End of mission 5 Gallery 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksSpacecraft EditMain article Cygnus spacecraft Orb 1 was the first of eight contracted flights by Orbital Sciences under NASA s Commercial Resupply Services CRS 1 contract This was the maiden flight of the Castor 30B second stage Orbital Sciences continued its naming of Cygnus spacecraft in tribute to former astronauts This vehicle was named the S S C Gordon Fullerton for C Gordon Fullerton the NASA astronaut who died on 21 August 2013 10 This Cygnus cargo mission launched the Nanoracks CubeSat Deployer to the ISS s Kibō module Launch and early operations Edit Antares and Cygnus 6 January 2014 The launch of Orb 1 was scheduled for November 2013 11 but a series of delays pushed the date to 20 December 2013 12 The Antares launch vehicle rolled out from the Wallops Horizontal Integration Facility HIF on the morning of 17 December 2013 and was later erected at Launch Pad 0A Later that day due to the need for a series of spacewalks to fix a faulty coolant system on the International Space Station NASA directed Orbital Sciences to stand down the Antares rocket Antares was rolled back to the HIF and time sensitive cargo removed The launch date was rescheduled for no earlier than 13 January 2014 but was later moved forward to 7 January 2014 after a scheduling conflict at Wallops was resolved 13 14 The launch was delayed one day due to cold temperatures at the launch site 15 NASA Wallops and Orbital Sciences announced the launch attempt on 8 January 2014 was scrubbed due to an unusually high level of space radiation that exceeded by a considerable margin the constraints imposed on the mission to ensure the rocket s electronic systems are not impacted by a harsh radiation environment 15 Orbital later revised this stating that a more extensive review of the radiation environment found it to be within acceptable limits of the Antares program and that a launch would be attempted on 9 January 2014 15 The Orb 1 mission successfully launched on 9 January 2014 at 18 07 05 UTC from the Mid Atlantic Regional Spaceport Launch Pad 0A Solar array deployment occurred shortly after arriving in orbit The Cygnus spacecraft arrived at the International Space Station early on 12 January 2014 16 17 18 The launch was expected to be viewable from South Carolina through Massachusetts and as far west as West Virginia As with its last couple of launches out of Wallops Orbital Sciences released viewing information for the Eastern United States including maps indicating launch vehicle maximum elevation above horizon and time of first sighting after launch for the various viewing locations 19 Attempt Planned Result Turnaround Reason Decision point Weather go Notes1 20 Dec 2013 12 00 00 pm Delayed Technical 17 Dec 2013 12 00 pm ISS coolant loop repair spacewalks forced delay 12 2 7 Jan 2014 1 55 00 pm Delayed 18 days 1 hour 55 minutes Weather 3 Jan 2014 12 00 pm Delayed due to extreme cold temperatures 15 3 8 Jan 2014 1 32 00 pm Scrubbed 0 days 23 hours 37 minutes Space weather 8 Jan 2014 8 00 am 95 Scrubbed for concerns about avionics health due to recent solar flux activity 15 4 9 Jan 2014 1 07 05 pm Success 0 days 23 hours 35 minutes Successful launch Payload EditCygnus was filled with 1 260 kg 2 780 lb of supplies for the ISS including science experiments and hardware to expand the research capability of the station crew provisions and spare parts 3 This included 12 experiments flying as part of the Student Spaceflight Experiments Program SSEP selected from 1 466 entrants and involving 7 200 North American students 20 Types of cargo include Crew supplies 424 kg 935 lb Hardware 333 kg 734 lb Science and research 434 kg 957 lb Computer supplies 48 kg 106 lb Spacewalk tools 22 kg 49 lb Some of the major experiments focus on 3 NASA s Launch Services Program SPHERES Slosh Experiment for the SPHERES testbed Vaccines antibiotic effectiveness and drug resistance in space Physics research which may lead to better products on Earth Fire and liquid behavior in space Ant behavior in space Nanoracks CubeSat Deployer Cygnus also contained 33 cubesat making the total number of spacecraft aboard the Antares up to 34 including the Cygnus itself 1 End of mission EditCanadarm2 unberthed the Cygnus spacecraft from the nadir port of the Harmony module on 18 February 2014 at 10 25 UTC The spacecraft was then maneuvered to a position below the station where it was released from the Canadarm2 at 11 41 UTC It then performed a series of separation maneuvers to move it away from the station The spacecraft reentered the atmosphere and burned up on 19 February 2014 over the southern Pacific Ocean disposing of approximately 1 470 kg 3 240 lb of trash 4 Gallery Edit Cygnus Orb 1 mated to Antares rocket 10 December 2013 The Antares rocket rolls to the launch pad 17 December 2013 Launch of the Antares CRS Orb 1 rocket Launch of the Antares CRS Orb 1 rocketSee also EditUncrewed spaceflights to the International Space StationReferences Edit Bergin Chris 22 February 2012 Space industry giants Orbital upbeat ahead of Antares debut NASASpaceflight Retrieved 29 March 2012 Cygnus PCM a b c Orbital 1 Cargo By The Numbers NASA 17 December 2013 Archived from the original on 15 December 2013 Retrieved 17 December 2013 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain a b Clark Stephen 18 February 2014 Status Center Spaceflight Now Retrieved 19 February 2014 McDowell Jonathan Satellite Catalog Jonathan s Space Page Retrieved 25 May 2014 Orbital 1 ISS National Lab January 2014 Archived from the original on 25 May 2021 Retrieved 25 May 2021 a b Kremer Ken 17 December 2013 How to See Spectacular Prime Time Night Launch of Antares Commercial Rocket to ISS on December 19 Universe Today Retrieved 18 December 2013 Garner Rob 12 July 2014 Looking Back at Orb 1 Forward to Orb 2 NASA Archived from the original on 25 May 2021 Retrieved 25 May 2021 a b Cygnus Orb 1 Mission Spaceflight101 19 February 2014 Archived from the original on 20 November 2016 Retrieved 4 April 2020 Pearlman Robert Z 9 December 2013 Orbital names next space station freighter for late pilot astronaut CollectSpace Retrieved 17 December 2013 Launch Schedule Spaceflight Now 10 September 2013 Archived from the original on 11 September 2013 a b Launch Schedule Spaceflight Now 13 December 2013 Archived from the original on 26 December 2013 Orb 1 Mission Update orbital com 20 December 2013 Archived from the original on 22 December 2013 NASA Postpones Orbital Launch Sets Spacewalks to Repair Faulty Pump Module NASA 17 December 2013 Retrieved 18 December 2013 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain a b c d e Mission Update Orbital Sciences 8 January 2014 Archived from the original on 26 February 2014 Cygnus Heads to Space for First Station Resupply Mission NASA 9 January 2014 Retrieved 9 January 2014 This article incorporates text from this source which is in the public domain Cygnus solar arrays are now deployed twitter com Orbital Sciences 9 January 2014 Retrieved 9 January 2014 Harwood William 12 January 2014 Cygnus cargo ship successfully attached to space station CBS News Retrieved 12 January 2014 ISS Commercial Resupply Services Mission Orb 1 Launch Viewing Maps Orbital Sciences 2013 Selected Experiments on SSEP Mission 3 to ISS National Center for Earth and Space Science Education 2013 Retrieved 17 December 2013 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to wbr Antares CRS Orb 1 mission and wbr Cygnus 2 CRS Orb 1 mission page at Orbital com CRS Orb 1 mission page at Spaceflight NowPortal Spaceflight Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Cygnus Orb 1 amp oldid 1098274370, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
