This article is about an artistic technique used in Western art. For the Aboriginal Australian technique used on bark paintings, see Rarrk. For other uses, see Hatching (disambiguation).
Albrecht Dürer, Veronica, engraving, 1513. Example of hatching (e.g., background) and cross-hatching in many darker areas (visible if viewed at full size).
Artists use the technique, varying the length, angle, closeness and other qualities of the lines, most commonly in drawing, linear painting and engraving.
The main concept is that the quantity, thickness and spacing of the lines will affect the brightness of the overall image and emphasize forms creating the illusion of volume. Hatching lines should always follow (i.e. wrap around) the form. By increasing quantity, thickness and closeness, a darker area will result.
An area of shading next to another area which has lines going in another direction is often used to create contrast.
Line work can be used to represent colors, typically by using the same type of hatch to represent particular tones. For example, red might be made up of lightly spaced lines, whereas green could be made of two layers of perpendicular dense lines, resulting in a realistic image.
Crosshatching is the technique of using line to shade and create value.
Variations
Linear hatching
Hatching in parallel lines. Normally the lines follow the direction of the described plane.[1]
Crosshatching
Layers of hatching applied at different angles to create different textures and darker tones. At its simplest, a layer of linear hatching is laid over another layer at a 90° angle, to which further diagonal layers may be added. Other methods include layering arbitrary intersecting patches.[1] Crosshatching in which layers intersect at slight angles can create a rippled moiré effect.[2]
Contoured hatching
Hatching using curved lines to describe light and form of contours.[2]
Representation of materials
In technical drawing, the section lining[3] may indicate the material of a component part of an assembly. Many hatching patterns have been standardized by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the International Standards Organization (ISO), though there are many other predefined patterns that may be used. Thus, the hatching pattern of steel varies from that of aluminum, copper, etc. The patterns are not only for metals. Patterns for grass, gravel, brick, and others are frequently found on architectural drawings.
Cross section of a cam follower stud. Notice the double lines for the steel pattern of the "outer race" component. Also, the commonly used pattern of diagonal lines and variations of it are shown.
A drawing from the 1960s. Partial hatching on the stone facade is used for clarity.
^American National Standard for Section Lining ANSI Y14.2M-1979 (R1987)
Works cited
South, Helen (2009). The Everything Drawing Book. Everything Books. ISBN978-1-60550-446-9.
External links
January 15, 2023
hatching, this, article, about, artistic, technique, used, western, aboriginal, australian, technique, used, bark, paintings, rarrk, other, uses, disambiguation, french, hachure, artistic, technique, used, create, tonal, shading, effects, drawing, painting, sc. This article is about an artistic technique used in Western art For the Aboriginal Australian technique used on bark paintings see Rarrk For other uses see Hatching disambiguation Hatching French hachure is an artistic technique used to create tonal or shading effects by drawing or painting or scribing closely spaced parallel lines It is also used in monochromatic representations of heraldry to indicate what the tincture of a full colour emblazon would be When lines are placed at an angle to one another it is called cross hatching VeronicaAlbrecht Durer Veronica engraving 1513 Example of hatching e g background and cross hatching in many darker areas visible if viewed at full size Detail of Veronica Hatching is especially important in essentially linear media such as drawing and many forms of printmaking such as engraving etching and woodcut In Western art hatching originated in the Middle Ages and developed further into cross hatching especially in the old master prints of the fifteenth century Master ES and Martin Schongauer in engraving and Erhard Reuwich and Michael Wolgemut in woodcut were pioneers of both techniques and Albrecht Durer in particular perfected the technique of crosshatching in both media Artists use the technique varying the length angle closeness and other qualities of the lines most commonly in drawing linear painting and engraving Contents 1 Technique 1 1 Variations 2 Representation of materials 3 See also 4 References 4 1 Works cited 5 External linksTechnique EditThe main concept is that the quantity thickness and spacing of the lines will affect the brightness of the overall image and emphasize forms creating the illusion of volume Hatching lines should always follow i e wrap around the form By increasing quantity thickness and closeness a darker area will result An area of shading next to another area which has lines going in another direction is often used to create contrast Line work can be used to represent colors typically by using the same type of hatch to represent particular tones For example red might be made up of lightly spaced lines whereas green could be made of two layers of perpendicular dense lines resulting in a realistic image Crosshatching is the technique of using line to shade and create value Variations Edit Linear hatching Hatching in parallel lines Normally the lines follow the direction of the described plane 1 Crosshatching Layers of hatching applied at different angles to create different textures and darker tones At its simplest a layer of linear hatching is laid over another layer at a 90 angle to which further diagonal layers may be added Other methods include layering arbitrary intersecting patches 1 Crosshatching in which layers intersect at slight angles can create a rippled moire effect 2 Contoured hatching Hatching using curved lines to describe light and form of contours 2 Representation of materials EditIn technical drawing the section lining 3 may indicate the material of a component part of an assembly Many hatching patterns have been standardized by the American National Standards Institute ANSI and the International Standards Organization ISO though there are many other predefined patterns that may be used Thus the hatching pattern of steel varies from that of aluminum copper etc The patterns are not only for metals Patterns for grass gravel brick and others are frequently found on architectural drawings Cross section of a cam follower stud Notice the double lines for the steel pattern of the outer race component Also the commonly used pattern of diagonal lines and variations of it are shown A drawing from the 1960s Partial hatching on the stone facade is used for clarity See also Edit Visual arts portalDip pen Hatching system heraldry Printmaking StipplingReferences Edit a b South 2009 p 132 a b South 2009 p 133 American National Standard for Section Lining ANSI Y14 2M 1979 R1987 Works cited Edit South Helen 2009 The Everything Drawing Book Everything Books ISBN 978 1 60550 446 9 External links Edit hatching article in ArtLex Art Dictionary Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Hatching amp oldid 1111951248, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
