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William Coward (merchant)

January 01, 1970

For the late 17th-century pirate, see William Coward (pirate). For the English physician, writer, and poet, see William Coward.

William Coward (1648–1738) was a London merchant in the Jamaica trade, remembered for his support of English Dissenters, particularly his educational philanthropy.

William Coward
Born
William Coward

ca. 1648
London, England
Diedca. 1738
EducationDaventry Academy and Hoxton Academy
Occupation(s)Merchant, proselytiser, theologican, minister and philanthropist

Life edit

After a period in Jamaica, where he built up an estate (see Sugar plantations in the Caribbean), he retired to Walthamstow in 1685, and built an Independent meeting house there, with Hugh Farmer as the first minister. He became known for strict household arrangements, his doors being closed against visitors at 8 pm. He was spoken of as eccentric in his old age[1] and he had a very public quarrel with Thomas Bradbury.[citation needed]

Coward instituted a course of 26 lectures On the most important Doctrines of the Gospel, in the church of Paved Alley, Lime Street, London; they were published in two volumes in 1730-1 and became known as the "Lime Street Lectures". A total of nine preachers took part, among them Abraham Taylor and John Gill.[2][3] (This was not the first lecture series Coward had sponsored: the first was at Little St Helen's in 1726.) A third course took place at Bury Street, St Mary Axe, in 1733, this last set being printed in 1735. These lecture series retained their influence a century later, Samuel Miller writing that "The Lime Street and Bury Street Lectures, contain some of the most able, useful, and pious disquisitions of the English dissenting divines."[4]

In the spring of 1734 he contemplated founding a dissenting academy at Walthamstow, for the education of children of Dissenters for the ministry, and the post of professor of divinity was offered to Philip Doddridge, after hesitations over whether Taylor should have the position.[2] The scheme itself came to nothing, although Coward continued, while alive, to assist the poorer ministers and to aid in the teaching of their children. He died at Walthamstow on 28 April 1738, aged ninety.

Legacy edit

Coward's property was valued at £150,000, and the bulk was said to have been left in charity in a will dated 25 November 1735. Property was left in trust "for the education and training up of young men ... between 15 and 22, to qualify them for the ministry of the gospel among the protestant dissenters." There were four trustees of the Coward Trust, including initially Isaac Watts and Daniel Neal, who were to take care that the students should be instructed according to "the assembly's catechism, and in that method of church discipline which is practised by the congregational churches."

For many years two educational institutions, conveniently known as Daventry Academy and Hoxton Academy (both moved their locations at need), were almost entirely maintained from the income of the trusts.

In the London region (in fact east of the city as it then was, in the area of Hackney) there was an academy run first by David Jennings, a Bury Street lecturer and another of the original trustees, then taken over by Samuel Morton Savage, who moved it after 1762 from his own residence in Wellclose Square to Hoxton Square. The London establishment relied on the Coward Trust after withdrawal of support from the Independent or Congregational Fund Board, and for some period had no students underwritten by the Presbyterian Fund Board;[5] it never achieved the same reputation as Daventry, despite having Andrew Kippis and Abraham Rees (a former pupil of Jennings) as tutors.[6][7] Among its well-known pupils was William Godwin, refused entry to the nearby Homerton Academy on suspicion of Sandemanian tendencies, and a student at the Hoxton Academy from 1773.[8] In 1785 the grant was withdrawn from the Hoxton Academy.[9]

The "Daventry" academy took over Doddridge's Northampton establishment, in which Coward had earlier shown an interest. Its best-known student was Joseph Priestley. In 1833, following several moves, it relocated to London, to Byng Place, south of the Catholic Apostolic Church, where its final home had been built by Thomas Cubitt the year before. Here it was known as Coward College and "remained as a residential College for Theological Students until May, 1850",[10] when it merged, with two other academies, into New College London. An account of these training colleges is in the official Calendar of the Associated Colleges, pp. 41–50.

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ "Farmer, Hugh" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  2. ^ a b "Taylor, Abraham" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  3. ^ Available online in an 1844 edition. The other preachers were Thomas Bradbury, Robert Bragge, Peter Goodwin, Thomas Hall, John Hurrion, John Sladen and Samuel Wilson.
  4. ^ Samuel Miller, The Spruce Street Lectures (1840), p. xv.
  5. ^ "Jennings, David" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  6. ^ "Savage, Samuel Morton" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  7. ^ "Rees, Abraham" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  8. ^ "Godwin, William (1756-1836)" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.
  9. ^ A later Hoxton Academy was run by George Collison; it is unconnected.
  10. ^ 'Coward College, Byng Place', Survey of London: volume 21: The parish of St Pancras part 3: Tottenham Court Road & neighbourhood (1949), pp. 91. URL: http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=65179 Date accessed: 15 January 2010. The article itself states in its references that it depends on "information supplied by the Rev. J. B. Binns, Secretary and Librarian of New College, London, and also the articles on Dr. Doddridge and William Coward in Dictionary of National Biography. The date of the Agreement with Coward's Trustees under which New College was formed was 10th September, 1849."

References edit

Further reading edit

  • P. Toon, The Lime Street Lectures (1730–31) and Their Significance, The Evangelical Quarterly 41.1 (Jan.-Mar. 1969): 42-48.

January 01, 1970
william, coward, merchant, this, article, lead, section, short, adequately, summarize, points, please, consider, expanding, lead, provide, accessible, overview, important, aspects, article, september, 2021, late, 17th, century, pirate, william, coward, pirate,. This article s lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article September 2021 For the late 17th century pirate see William Coward pirate For the English physician writer and poet see William Coward William Coward 1648 1738 was a London merchant in the Jamaica trade remembered for his support of English Dissenters particularly his educational philanthropy William CowardBornWilliam Cowardca 1648London EnglandDiedca 1738EducationDaventry Academy and Hoxton AcademyOccupation s Merchant proselytiser theologican minister and philanthropist Contents 1 Life 2 Legacy 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 Further readingLife editAfter a period in Jamaica where he built up an estate see Sugar plantations in the Caribbean he retired to Walthamstow in 1685 and built an Independent meeting house there with Hugh Farmer as the first minister He became known for strict household arrangements his doors being closed against visitors at 8 pm He was spoken of as eccentric in his old age 1 and he had a very public quarrel with Thomas Bradbury citation needed Coward instituted a course of 26 lectures On the most important Doctrines of the Gospel in the church of Paved Alley Lime Street London they were published in two volumes in 1730 1 and became known as the Lime Street Lectures A total of nine preachers took part among them Abraham Taylor and John Gill 2 3 This was not the first lecture series Coward had sponsored the first was at Little St Helen s in 1726 A third course took place at Bury Street St Mary Axe in 1733 this last set being printed in 1735 These lecture series retained their influence a century later Samuel Miller writing that The Lime Street and Bury Street Lectures contain some of the most able useful and pious disquisitions of the English dissenting divines 4 In the spring of 1734 he contemplated founding a dissenting academy at Walthamstow for the education of children of Dissenters for the ministry and the post of professor of divinity was offered to Philip Doddridge after hesitations over whether Taylor should have the position 2 The scheme itself came to nothing although Coward continued while alive to assist the poorer ministers and to aid in the teaching of their children He died at Walthamstow on 28 April 1738 aged ninety Legacy editCoward s property was valued at 150 000 and the bulk was said to have been left in charity in a will dated 25 November 1735 Property was left in trust for the education and training up of young men between 15 and 22 to qualify them for the ministry of the gospel among the protestant dissenters There were four trustees of the Coward Trust including initially Isaac Watts and Daniel Neal who were to take care that the students should be instructed according to the assembly s catechism and in that method of church discipline which is practised by the congregational churches For many years two educational institutions conveniently known as Daventry Academy and Hoxton Academy both moved their locations at need were almost entirely maintained from the income of the trusts In the London region in fact east of the city as it then was in the area of Hackney there was an academy run first by David Jennings a Bury Street lecturer and another of the original trustees then taken over by Samuel Morton Savage who moved it after 1762 from his own residence in Wellclose Square to Hoxton Square The London establishment relied on the Coward Trust after withdrawal of support from the Independent or Congregational Fund Board and for some period had no students underwritten by the Presbyterian Fund Board 5 it never achieved the same reputation as Daventry despite having Andrew Kippis and Abraham Rees a former pupil of Jennings as tutors 6 7 Among its well known pupils was William Godwin refused entry to the nearby Homerton Academy on suspicion of Sandemanian tendencies and a student at the Hoxton Academy from 1773 8 In 1785 the grant was withdrawn from the Hoxton Academy 9 The Daventry academy took over Doddridge s Northampton establishment in which Coward had earlier shown an interest Its best known student was Joseph Priestley In 1833 following several moves it relocated to London to Byng Place south of the Catholic Apostolic Church where its final home had been built by Thomas Cubitt the year before Here it was known as Coward College and remained as a residential College for Theological Students until May 1850 10 when it merged with two other academies into New College London An account of these training colleges is in the official Calendar of the Associated Colleges pp 41 50 See also editList of founders of English schools and colleges Sugar plantations in the CaribbeanNotes edit Farmer Hugh Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 a b Taylor Abraham Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Available online in an 1844 edition The other preachers were Thomas Bradbury Robert Bragge Peter Goodwin Thomas Hall John Hurrion John Sladen and Samuel Wilson Samuel Miller The Spruce Street Lectures 1840 p xv Jennings David Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Savage Samuel Morton Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Rees Abraham Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Godwin William 1756 1836 Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 A later Hoxton Academy was run by George Collison it is unconnected Coward College Byng Place Survey of London volume 21 The parish of St Pancras part 3 Tottenham Court Road amp neighbourhood 1949 pp 91 URL http www british history ac uk report aspx compid 65179 Date accessed 15 January 2010 The article itself states in its references that it depends on information supplied by the Rev J B Binns Secretary and Librarian of New College London and also the articles on Dr Doddridge and William Coward in Dictionary of National Biography The date of the Agreement with Coward s Trustees under which New College was formed was 10th September 1849 References edit nbsp This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain Coward William d 1738 Dictionary of National Biography London Smith Elder amp Co 1885 1900 Further reading editP Toon The Lime Street Lectures 1730 31 and Their Significance The Evangelical Quarterly 41 1 Jan Mar 1969 42 48 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title William Coward merchant amp oldid 1203691518, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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