Beginning in 1847, following the Cayuse Indian slaughter of the white, Presbyterian missionaries at the "Whitman Mission", a serious of retaliatory attacks ensued against the indigenous peoples all throughout the Oregon Territory, perpetrated by both miners and settlers. By 1854, several dozen miners who were angry over an altercation with a native man, went into the Coquille Indian village in what is now Bandon, Oregon, and killed all the members of that tribe that they could find there, burning their houses and slaughtering all women and children.[1]
Treaty with the United States
Sign of The Confederated Tribes
In 1855, Joel Palmer, Oregon Superintendent of Indian Affairs, negotiated a treaty with the Coquille and surrounding tribes that set aside 125 miles (201 km) of coastline extending from the Siltcoos River to Cape Lookout to form the Coastal (or Siletz) Indian Reservation near present-day Florence.[2] The Coquille people were forcibly marched to the reservation in 1856; however, the treaty was never ratified by Congress.[3] Disease and overcrowding were problems on the reservation, which was eventually reduced to a fraction of its former size.[4] The remnants of the original Coastal Indian Reservation are contained in the Siletz Reservation and associated tribally owned lands. Over the years many Coquilles returned to their traditional homeland and fought for acknowledgement of the Treaty of 1855.
Termination and restoration
The U.S. federal government terminated its recognition of the Coquille as part of the Western Oregon Indian Termination Act.[5] In 1989 the tribe regained its federal recognition.[6] With restoration came tribal sovereignty, which gives the tribe authority to form its own government and have jurisdiction over tribal lands, businesses, and community members.
Name origin
According to the Tribe's website, the name comes from a native word for lamprey, a staple food for the tribe. European settlers approximated the word as KOH-kwel but it came to be spelled Coquille (the French word for shell). Eventually the pronunciation of the town and river shifted to koh-KEEL, but the tribe's name retained the older pronunciation.[7]
Coquille Indian Reservation
Location of Coquille Indian Reservation
The Confederated Tribes of Siletz, based in Siletz, Oregon, recognize the Coquille people as one of the tribes that make up their confederation.[8] The Confederated Tribes of Siletz continue to live on the Siletz Indian Reservation. In addition, by an Act of Congress in 1996, the Coquille Tribe now has reservation area totaling 6,512 acres (26 km2).[6] The 2000 census listed the reservation's official resident population as 258 people. The reservation's lands are located in numerous non-contiguous parcels of land in southern Coos County, mostly in and to the southeast of the Coos Bay-North Bend urban area. Parts of the communities of Bandon, Barview, Coos Bay, and North Bend extend onto reservation lands.
Forest management
The "Oregon Resources Conservation Act of 1996" (part of Public Law 104-208[permanent dead link]) restored to the Coquille Tribe approximately 5,400 acres (2,200 ha) of forest in Coos County, Oregon. The act's author, Oregon Senator Mark Hatfield, said of the Coquille Forest: "I hope this proposal, with its relatively modest acreage and the required adherence to the most environmentally friendly forest management plan ever implemented in the Pacific Northwest—President Clinton's forest plan—is successful and can become a model for how our Nation deals with other claims by native American tribes."[9] The Forest was formally taken into trust for the Tribe by the U.S. government on September 30, 1998. The Coquille Forest comprises fourteen separate parcels of former BLM timberlands in eastern Coos County.
Unlike other forests held in trust for and managed by federally recognized tribes, under the National Indian Forest Resources Management Act, the Coquille Forest has the additional requirement of meeting the "standards and guidelines" of adjacent federal forests, such as the Northwest Forest Plan. While most federal forests have not met their timber production expectations under the Northwest Forest Plan, the Coquille Forest is widely considered the only entity to meet both the ecological and economic outputs of the Northwest Forest Plan.[citation needed]
In 2011, the U.S. Secretary of Interior endorsed the first component of the landscape management proposal in which the Coquille Indian Tribe and the BLM would work together to develop a demonstration timber sale pilot in coordination with professors Norm Johnson and Jerry Franklin. This pilot will demonstrate the professors' ecological principles of variable retention regeneration harvest in the Oregon Coast Range. The timber sale will be designed under the Northwest Forest Plan and comply with all BLM requirements.
Management of the Coquille Forest has earned recognition for being environmentally sound and sustainable. The Forest Stewardship Council certified the Coquille Forest in September 2011.[10]
In 2008 the tribe legalized same-sex marriage, becoming the first tribal nation to do so in the United States.[11] Although the Oregon voters approved an amendment to the Oregon Constitution in 2004 to prohibit such marriages, the Coquille are not bound by the Oregon Constitution, because they are a federally recognized sovereign nation.[12]
The Coquille Indian Tribe Library contains an extensive amount of information on the Coquille Indian Tribe and other Tribes of southwest Oregon including the Confederated Tribes of Coos, Lower Umpqua, and Siuslaw Indians.[13][14]
Economy
The Coquille Tribe owns several businesses, including The Mill Casino • Hotel [15] in Coos Bay, and ORCA Communications, a telecommunications provider.[16][17]
In September 2012, the tribe announced plans for a casino in Medford, to be built in a bowling alley that was acquired for $1.6 million. The tribe is also leasing an adjacent golf course.[18]
^. Center for World Indigenous Studies. Archived from the original on 2006-09-26. Retrieved 2006-11-20.
^. Coquille Economic Development Commission. Archived from the original on 2006-10-07. Retrieved 2006-11-04.
^(PDF). The Confederated Tribes of the Siletz peace. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-10-05. Retrieved 2006-11-20.
^. Oregon Historical Quarterly. Fall 2005. Archived from the original on 2007-06-26. Retrieved 2006-11-20.
^ ab"Indian Tribes in Oregon". Oregon Blue Book. Oregon Secretary of State. Retrieved 2006-10-09.
^"How Do You Pronounce That?". Coquille Indian Tribe. Retrieved 12 April 2022.
^Kentta, Robert. (PDF). Confederated Tribes of Siletz. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-03-02. Retrieved 2006-10-08.
^Congressional Record: August 2, 1996 (Senate)] [Page S9649-S9660]
^Newsletter of the Coquille Indian Tribe April 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine, August 2011.
^"Coquille tribe approves same-sex marriages". KOIN. August 21, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-21.[permanent dead link]
^Graves, Bill (August 20, 2008). "Gay marriage in Oregon? Tribe says yes". The Oregonian. Retrieved 2008-09-07.
^"Coquille Indian Tribe Library". Coquille Indian Tribe. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
^Macnaughtan, Don (1995). "Remembering the Rhinoceros: The Coquille Indian Tribe Establish a New Tribal Library on the Central Oregon Coast". Vol. OLA Quarterly 1, no. 2. Retrieved 2018-05-31.
^Templeton, Amelia (April 24, 2013). "Coquille Tribe Wants Second Casino In Medford". OPB.
^"ORCA Communications, High Speed Internet Access - OREGON". orcacomm.net. Retrieved 2019-06-28.
^"Tribe Revives Culture and Fortunes by Raising Cranberries 2007-12-06 at the Wayback Machine," American News Service, November 18, 1999
"Oregon Indians. Termination of Federal supervision". Oklahoma State University Library.[permanent dead link]
References
Coquille Reservation and Off-Reservation Trust Land, Oregon United States Census Bureau
External links
Coquille Indian Tribe, official website
, the newsletter of the Coquille Indian Tribe
CEDCO Coquille Economic Development Corporation
August 21, 2023
coquille, indian, tribe, other, uses, coquille, disambiguation, kwel, federally, recognized, native, american, tribe, coquille, people, have, traditionally, lived, southern, oregon, coast, regions, with, significant, populationscoos, county, oregonlanguagesmil. For other uses see Coquille disambiguation The Coquille Indian Tribe ˈ k oʊ k w ɛ l KOH kwel is the federally recognized Native American tribe of the Coquille people who have traditionally lived on the southern Oregon Coast Coquille Indian TribeRegions with significant populationsCoos County OregonLanguagesMiluk Upper Coquille Nuu wee ya citation needed Related ethnic groupsLower Rogue River Athabascan Contents 1 History 1 1 Pre contact through the mid 19th century 1 2 Treaty with the United States 1 3 Termination and restoration 2 Name origin 3 Coquille Indian Reservation 3 1 Forest management 4 Government 5 Economy 6 See also 7 Notes 8 References 9 External linksHistory EditPre contact through the mid 19th century Edit Main article Coquille people Beginning in 1847 following the Cayuse Indian slaughter of the white Presbyterian missionaries at the Whitman Mission a serious of retaliatory attacks ensued against the indigenous peoples all throughout the Oregon Territory perpetrated by both miners and settlers By 1854 several dozen miners who were angry over an altercation with a native man went into the Coquille Indian village in what is now Bandon Oregon and killed all the members of that tribe that they could find there burning their houses and slaughtering all women and children 1 Treaty with the United States Edit Sign of The Confederated TribesIn 1855 Joel Palmer Oregon Superintendent of Indian Affairs negotiated a treaty with the Coquille and surrounding tribes that set aside 125 miles 201 km of coastline extending from the Siltcoos River to Cape Lookout to form the Coastal or Siletz Indian Reservation near present day Florence 2 The Coquille people were forcibly marched to the reservation in 1856 however the treaty was never ratified by Congress 3 Disease and overcrowding were problems on the reservation which was eventually reduced to a fraction of its former size 4 The remnants of the original Coastal Indian Reservation are contained in the Siletz Reservation and associated tribally owned lands Over the years many Coquilles returned to their traditional homeland and fought for acknowledgement of the Treaty of 1855 Termination and restoration Edit The U S federal government terminated its recognition of the Coquille as part of the Western Oregon Indian Termination Act 5 In 1989 the tribe regained its federal recognition 6 With restoration came tribal sovereignty which gives the tribe authority to form its own government and have jurisdiction over tribal lands businesses and community members Name origin EditAccording to the Tribe s website the name comes from a native word for lamprey a staple food for the tribe European settlers approximated the word as KOH kwel but it came to be spelled Coquille the French word for shell Eventually the pronunciation of the town and river shifted to koh KEEL but the tribe s name retained the older pronunciation 7 Coquille Indian Reservation Edit Location of Coquille Indian ReservationThe Confederated Tribes of Siletz based in Siletz Oregon recognize the Coquille people as one of the tribes that make up their confederation 8 The Confederated Tribes of Siletz continue to live on the Siletz Indian Reservation In addition by an Act of Congress in 1996 the Coquille Tribe now has reservation area totaling 6 512 acres 26 km2 6 The 2000 census listed the reservation s official resident population as 258 people The reservation s lands are located in numerous non contiguous parcels of land in southern Coos County mostly in and to the southeast of the Coos Bay North Bend urban area Parts of the communities of Bandon Barview Coos Bay and North Bend extend onto reservation lands Forest management Edit The Oregon Resources Conservation Act of 1996 part of Public Law 104 208 permanent dead link restored to the Coquille Tribe approximately 5 400 acres 2 200 ha of forest in Coos County Oregon The act s author Oregon Senator Mark Hatfield said of the Coquille Forest I hope this proposal with its relatively modest acreage and the required adherence to the most environmentally friendly forest management plan ever implemented in the Pacific Northwest President Clinton s forest plan is successful and can become a model for how our Nation deals with other claims by native American tribes 9 The Forest was formally taken into trust for the Tribe by the U S government on September 30 1998 The Coquille Forest comprises fourteen separate parcels of former BLM timberlands in eastern Coos County Unlike other forests held in trust for and managed by federally recognized tribes under the National Indian Forest Resources Management Act the Coquille Forest has the additional requirement of meeting the standards and guidelines of adjacent federal forests such as the Northwest Forest Plan While most federal forests have not met their timber production expectations under the Northwest Forest Plan the Coquille Forest is widely considered the only entity to meet both the ecological and economic outputs of the Northwest Forest Plan citation needed In 2011 the U S Secretary of Interior endorsed the first component of the landscape management proposal in which the Coquille Indian Tribe and the BLM would work together to develop a demonstration timber sale pilot in coordination with professors Norm Johnson and Jerry Franklin This pilot will demonstrate the professors ecological principles of variable retention regeneration harvest in the Oregon Coast Range The timber sale will be designed under the Northwest Forest Plan and comply with all BLM requirements Management of the Coquille Forest has earned recognition for being environmentally sound and sustainable The Forest Stewardship Council certified the Coquille Forest in September 2011 10 Government EditThe tribal government is based in North Bend In 2008 the tribe legalized same sex marriage becoming the first tribal nation to do so in the United States 11 Although the Oregon voters approved an amendment to the Oregon Constitution in 2004 to prohibit such marriages the Coquille are not bound by the Oregon Constitution because they are a federally recognized sovereign nation 12 The Coquille Indian Tribe Library contains an extensive amount of information on the Coquille Indian Tribe and other Tribes of southwest Oregon including the Confederated Tribes of Coos Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians 13 14 Economy EditThe Coquille Tribe owns several businesses including The Mill Casino Hotel 15 in Coos Bay and ORCA Communications a telecommunications provider 16 17 In September 2012 the tribe announced plans for a casino in Medford to be built in a bowling alley that was acquired for 1 6 million The tribe is also leasing an adjacent golf course 18 See also EditCoos Bay Wagon Road Lands List of Native American Tribal Entities in OregonNotes Edit Oregon Public Broadcasting in affiliation with the Oregon Historical Society Broken Treaties full documentary on YouTube Nov 2020 minutes 15 19 16 41 Oregon Coast Tribes Treaty of 2000 Center for World Indigenous Studies Archived from the original on 2006 09 26 Retrieved 2006 11 20 The Coquille Tribe Coquille Economic Development Commission Archived from the original on 2006 10 07 Retrieved 2006 11 04 Original Siletz Reservation Showing Reductions PDF The Confederated Tribes of the Siletz peace Archived from the original PDF on 2006 10 05 Retrieved 2006 11 20 The Isaac I Stevens and Joel Pagjfjlmer Treaties 1855 2005 Oregon Historical Quarterly Fall 2005 Archived from the original on 2007 06 26 Retrieved 2006 11 20 a b Indian Tribes in Oregon Oregon Blue Book Oregon Secretary of State Retrieved 2006 10 09 How Do You Pronounce That Coquille Indian Tribe Retrieved 12 April 2022 Kentta Robert Siletz History Part I PDF Confederated Tribes of Siletz Archived from the original PDF on 2006 03 02 Retrieved 2006 10 08 Congressional Record August 2 1996 Senate Page S9649 S9660 Newsletter of the Coquille Indian Tribe Archived April 25 2012 at the Wayback Machine August 2011 Coquille tribe approves same sex marriages KOIN August 21 2008 Retrieved 2008 08 21 permanent dead link Graves Bill August 20 2008 Gay marriage in Oregon Tribe says yes The Oregonian Retrieved 2008 09 07 Coquille Indian Tribe Library Coquille Indian Tribe Retrieved 2014 04 05 Macnaughtan Don 1995 Remembering the Rhinoceros The Coquille Indian Tribe Establish a New Tribal Library on the Central Oregon Coast Vol OLA Quarterly 1 no 2 Retrieved 2018 05 31 Templeton Amelia April 24 2013 Coquille Tribe Wants Second Casino In Medford OPB ORCA Communications High Speed Internet Access OREGON orcacomm net Retrieved 2019 06 28 Tribe Revives Culture and Fortunes by Raising Cranberries Archived 2007 12 06 at the Wayback Machine American News Service November 18 1999 Stiles Greg September 8 2012 Indian tribe buys leases properties for casino Ashland Daily Tidings Retrieved 2012 09 09 Oregon Indians Termination of Federal supervision Oklahoma State University Library permanent dead link References EditCoquille Reservation and Off Reservation Trust Land Oregon United States Census BureauExternal links EditCoquille Indian Tribe official website K wen inish ha the newsletter of the Coquille Indian Tribe CEDCO Coquille Economic Development Corporation Coquille Cranberries Map of the original Coastal Indian Reservation as of 1855 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Coquille Indian Tribe amp oldid 1145910023, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
